《中国家庭史·辽宋金元时期》评介

由张国刚教授主编的《中国家庭史》(五卷本,广东人民出版社2007年版),是目前所见第一部以贯穿中国千年文明社会的家庭作为研究对象的通史性著作。与以往相关论著不同的是,主编希望特征鲜明地显现“历史学“的“家庭史“。在这一学术理念下,本书既在观察视角上注意了法制史、经济史、社会史三个维度,又在内容上进行了精心编排,意在对各个历史时期的家庭有一个全方位的

罗非鱼(Tilapia sp.)的内耳器官结构、电生理特性和听觉行为研究

本文对罗非鱼(TilapiaSP）内耳听觉器官的组织结构、球状囊对水下声刺激的电生理反应特性和罗非渔对水下低频声刺激的听觉行为进行较全面的研究。结果如下：1、罗非鱼内耳器官的结构与典型硬骨鱼内耳”的结构一致。内耳左右侧各一个，每个内耳由三个半规管（前、后和水平半规管〕和三个耳石器官（椭园囊、听囊和球状囊）组成，两耳之间没有直接联系，球状囊以其前端呈25-30度角度偏离体中线。2、球状囊呈椭圆体状，侧偏。其耳石充满整个囊体，耳石上有明显的中央沟。中央沟在形态上与球状囊听斑一致；听囊呈圆形，听囊耳石约占整个听囊的一半，耳石较薄且较透明，有明显的外缘区和中央区之分；椭圆囊呈不规则椭球体状·其耳石占椭...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院海洋学系_海洋生物学学号：YL000083

STUDY ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND ULTRASTRUCTURE of THE INNER EAR of OREOCHROMIS SP.

罗非鱼内耳器官结构与典型硬骨鱼的内耳结构一致。球状囊呈椭圆体状，其耳五充满整个囊体，耳石上有明显的中央沟，中央沟在形态上与球状囊听斑一致；听囊呈圆形，听囊耳五约占整个听囊一半，耳石较薄且较透明，有明显外缘区和中央区之分；椭圆囊呈不规则椭球体状，其耳石占椭圆囊的较小部分，耳石表面粗糙。罗非鱼耳石膜为一层胶质膜，位于耳石和听斑之间，并触及所有毛细胞，膜有大量小孔，小孔处恰为毛细胞的纤毛束伸入，纤毛束透过小孔触及到耳石。扫描电镜观察表明，罗非鱼内耳听斑也由毛细胞和支持细胞组成，听斑表面有大量具一定分布规律的纤毛束。罗非鱼内耳听觉器官主要有三种纤毛束类型：f＿1、f＿2和f＿3型。按照纤毛束的取向一致性，球状囊听斑划分三个区；听囊听斑和椭圆囊听斑均划分两个区。This paper deals with the morphological structure of the inner ear of anonostariophysine Fish, Oreochromis sp,From the lake of Xiamen University,using light andscanning electron microscopy.The results are as Follows;1.The structure of the ear in Oreochromis sp.is the same as that of“the typical teleostear”.which consists of three semicircular canals(anterior,posterior and horizontalsemicircular canals)and three otolithic organs(utriculs,lagena and sacculus).Each Fish hastwo ears between which no connection was obesrved.The bilateral mirror symmbtry of eachsaccular pair often involves divergence of the anterior ends 25-30°away From thebody-midline.2.The sacculus is particularly large and utricular-shaped, with a single large otolith Fil-ling the whole otolithic sac,The saccular otolith is a laterally Flattened elipsoid with a deepmedial sulcus with which the sensory epithelium is closely connected.The lagena is generallysmall and round in shape with a small and thin triangular otolith Filling only halF of thesacculus.The utriculus is irregular in shape.The utricular otolith is also small and has roughsurFace,Filling only a small part of the sacculus;3.The otolithic membrane is a thin gelatinous structure lying between the macula andthe otolith,contacting all the sensory cellshcluding those in regions not directly“undcF”theotolith.The membrane has a large number of small holes where the ciliary bunddles extendand contact the otolith.4.The results of scanning electron microscopy reveal that the maculae consist of sensoryeells and supporting cells and the surFace of the sensory epithelia of each of the otolithic or-gans is distributed with a lot of ciliary bundles in a certain pattern.There are mainly threetypes of three ciliary bundle F_1, F_2 and F_3.in the inner ear organs of the Oreochromissp.Each otolithic macula can be divided into a number of regions within which all the ciliarybundles are morphologically polarized in the same two in lagenar macula and two in utricularmacula,Morphologically,the utricular macula is dish-shaped and has a lateral extension,the lagenar macula is the shape of a Fat crescent and the saccular macula is elongate but widerat the rostral than the caudal end, like the shape of a tadpole.国家自然科学基

Electrophysiological observation on sacculus of Tilapia sp

罗非鱼球状囊微音器电位是一个双峰波。峰频与刺激声频成2∶1关系；在20~80Hz电位波形不规则。在300~900Hz电位波呈矩形。实验表明，球状囊不同区域对一定的声频敏感性不一样；延脑-脊髓连结处的诱发电位与球状囊微音器电位相似，但在130Hz电位呈单峰波；罗非鱼可闻频域在20~900Hz，最大敏感声频在130Hz，其相对敏感性为23.01db；延脑-脊髓连接处诱发电位最大值在63Hz和130Hz，相对敏感性分别为25.36和23.37db；罗非鱼气鳔与内耳无直接关系，去鳔对其微音电位听力曲线无明显影响。Using microphonic potentials as a tool,the authors deal with the characters of electrophysiological response of the sacculus of a nonostariophysan Fish,Tilapia sp.,to underwater sound stimuli at low Frequencies.The results are as Follows:1.Microphonic potentials recorded From the sacculus in response to underwater sound stimulation show that the potential is that of the typical microphonic potential of Fish,which has two wave Peaks,and the Frequency of the potential wave and that of the stimulation has a 2:1 relationship.In this study,the shape of potentials at 20--80Hz is irregular and that at 300--900Hz is rectangle-shaped.DiFFerent regions of the sacculus have diFFerent response sensitivities to a certain kind of underwater sound.2.Potentials recorded From the cerebellar-medullary junction show a similar Feature compared with those From the sacculus.but the POtential From the junction at l3OHz is a single peak,For all of this evoked-potentials should be Further studied.3.the result of the microphonic potential curve From the sacculus reveals that Tilapia responds to underwater sound stimulation From 20 to 900 Hz with a maximum sensitive Frenquency at 130Hz and its maximum sensitivity is +23.01 dB (relative).the experiment with cerebellar-medullary junction Found that the maximum potentials were at 63 Hz and 130 Hz with maximum sensitivities separately 25.36 dB and 23.37 dB(relative).4.Elimination of the swimbladder caused on change in sensitivities at any Frequencies,which were in correspondence with the result of anatomy.国家自然科学基金!691101

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies