RESEARCH ON IMPROVEMENT OF FLEXIBLE DAM OPERATION BASED ON EXTENDED FORECAST RAINFALL

This study investigates small-scale hydropower generation utilizing the dam water currently released solely for maintaining the river discharge. Toward improving such small-scale hydropower generation, a method for flexible operation of dams is proposed. In flexible operation, a portion of the flood control capacity is allocated to water storage. When a flood is forecasted, it is necessary to release that amount of water to recover the dam\u27s flood control capacity. In conducting such release, accurate forecasting with sufficient lead time is desirable. This study examined the possibility of determining the necessity of water release ahead of forecasted rainfall by estimating the amount of water flowing into the dam reservoir based on forecasted cumulative rainfall computed from numerical weather prediction models (RSM and GSM).The examinations clarified that by employing the proposed method it would be possible to secure water which is about 8 times that currently used for power generation

A STUDY ON CASUALTY ANALYSIS OF FERRY USING OCEAN WAVE DATABASE AND AIS DATA

BACKGROUND: It is unclear if and how S(v)O(2) can serve as an indicator of fluid responsiveness in patients after cardiac or major vascular surgery. METHODS: This was a substudy of a randomized single-blinded clinical trial reported earlier on critically ill patients with clinical hypovolemia after cardiac or major vascular surgery. Colloid fluid loading was done for 90 min, guided by changes in pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) or central venous pressure (CVP). Fluid responsiveness was defined as ≥15% increase in cardiac index (CI). Hemodynamics, including transpulmonary dilution-derived global end-diastolic volume index (GEDVI) and global ejection fraction (GEF), were measured and blood samples taken. RESULTS: Whereas baseline S(v)O(2) (>70% in 68% of patients) did not differ, the S(v)O(2) increased in patients responding to fluid loading (≥15% in CI in n = 26) versus those not responding (n = 11; P = 0.03). The increase in GEDVI was also greater in responders (P = 0.005). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for fluid responsiveness of changes in S(v)O(2) was 0.73 (P = 0.007), with an optimal cutoff of 2%, and of those in GEDVI 0.82 (P < 0.001), while the areas did not differ. However, the value of S(v)O(2) increases to reflect CI increases with fluid loading was greatest when GEF was ≤20% (in 53% of patients). CONCLUSIONS: An increase in S(v)O(2) ≥2%, irrespective of a relatively high baseline value, can thus be used as a monitor of fluid responsiveness in clinically hypovolemic patients after cardiac or major vascular surgery, particularly in those with systolic cardiac dysfunction. Fluid responsiveness concurs with increased tissue O(2) delivery

Elasticity study on collective motion in metallic glasses

The frequency dependence and the strain amplitude dependence of the dynamic Young\u27s modulus in amorphous (a-) Cu50Ti50, a-Zr50Cu50 and a-Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 were investigated at room temperature by means of the vibrating reed method. In the following, f and var epsilon denote the frequency and the strain amplitude, respectively. The frequency dependence of the dynamic Young\u27s modulus was measured at var epsilon not, vert, similar 10−6 in the frequency range between 101 and 104 Hz, where a strong decrease in the dynamic Young\u27s modulus between 101 and 104 Hz was found. The strain amplitude dependence of the dynamic Young\u27s modulus was measured at f not, vert, similar 102 Hz in the strain amplitude range between 10−5 and 10−3, where a strong increase in the dynamic Young\u27s modulus with increasing strain amplitude was found. The effect of passing an electric direct-current on the dynamic Young\u27s modulus at var epsilon not, vert, similar 10−6 and f not, vert, similar 102 Hz was also investigated, where a net increase in the dynamic Young\u27s modulus with increasing current density in the range of 107 A/m2 was found. These results were discussed from the point of view of the resonant collective motions of many atoms in metallic glasses

フニン チリョウ オ ウケル フウフ ノ カカエル モンダイ ト シエン ノ アリカタ

本稿では,不妊治療を受ける夫婦の身体的・精神的・社会的側面の問題と支援のあり方について,先行研究を基に論考した.不妊治療を受ける夫婦にとっては,治療そのものやホルモン療法による副作用や不妊治療にかかる高額な費用が,日常生活を脅かし大きなストレスとなっている.これらが関係に大きな影響を与えることが考えられる.不妊治療を受ける夫婦の心理的ストレスの実態や,ストレス対処,社会的支援については報告されるようになった.しかし,不妊治療を受けている夫婦の日常生活に焦点をあてた調査報告は見当たらない.夫婦で不妊治療を継続するためには,日常生活での役割や思いを明らかにし,看護師として今後の援助の方向性を見い出す必要がある.This article focuses on couples experiencing infertility treatment. Describe the literature in Japan was reviewed carefully. The purpose of the study is to descript; 1) the details of the physical, psychological and social health problems of those couples, 2) nursing care suitable for those couples. Suffering from treatment, harmful side effects from hormone therapy, and the high cost of treatment, infertile couples experience many kinds of psychological distress. Their marital relationships might be affected by the psychological distress. Recently it has come to be known that couples are experiencing psychological distress from this treatment. How they cope with the distress and get social support. are also clarified. However, there is no study focused on those couples\u27 daily life. Conclusions: The role of the man and woman in their home, details of their feelings and the best nursing care for those couples to continue the treatment have to be clarified from hereafter

A case of major depressive disorder accompanied by multiple somatic delusion

　About 15% of cases of major depressive disorder (MDD) are accompanied by psychotic features, typically as delusions of guilt and hypochondriacal delusions. We report the case of a 55-year-old woman with MDD accompanied by delusions of infestation and body odor, which are characteristic of delusional disorder somatic type (DDST). She developed a major depressive episode that gradually deteriorated. Four months later, she felt that “some liquid” was welling out from skin of her palms, soles and face, and also that she was emitting a foul odor from her body. Treatment with paroxetine at 40 mg/day and olanzapine at 5 mg/day resolved somatic delusions, but some depressive symptoms remained. After addition of mirtazapine 30 mg/day, depressive symptoms were completely resolved. The present report definitively shows that MDD can accompany multiple somatic delusions typically observed in DDST

Hydrogen-induced structural relaxation in bulk metallic glasses

In order to clarify the hydrogen-induced structural relaxation (HISR) of hydrogenated bulk and marginal metallic glasses (BMG and MMG), the hydrogen concentration (CH) dependence of the peak temperature (Tp) and the peak height (View the MathML source) of the hydrogen internal friction peak (HIFP) in a-Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 (numbers indicate at.%) (BMG), a-Zr54Cu30Al10Ni5Si1 (MMG) and a-Zr40Cu49Al10Si1 (MMG) were studied. It is found that the Tp versus CH data and the View the MathML source versus CH data are well explained by the relationships of Tp = ΔTp exp(−CH/τH) + Tp,0 and View the MathML source, respectively, not only for all the present metallic glasses but also for various Zr-base BMG and MMG reported. The characteristic CH dependence of Tp and View the MathML source was attributed to effects of the HISR. The detailed features of the CH dependence of Tp and View the MathML source were discussed in the light of material parameters and HISR

Transformation to Nanocrystallites in Amorphous Alloys Induced by Resonant Electropulsing

The electropulsing-induced low temperature crystallization (e-LTC) of marginal amorphous (a-) alloys, a-Cu50Ti50 and a-Pd80Si20, and a bulk amorphous alloy, a-Zr60Cu30Al10, was investigated by electropulsing at room temperature (RT) and in liquid nitrogen (LN2). Electropulsing was made by means of discharge of a condenser which is characterized by the initial current density, id0, and the decay time, .TAU., where the frequency of the principal constituent Fourier component of theelectropulsing is 1/2.PI..TAU.. The range of id0 was between 10\u278\u27 and 10\u2710\u27 A/m\u272\u27 and that of .TAU. was between 0.1 and 20 ms. For all the amorphous alloys, the e-LTC took place during single electropulsing with id0 beyond the threshold current density, id0,c, where id0,c was a function of .TAU.. The maximum specimen temperature during the e-LTC was, e.g., 200 K forelectropulsing in LN2, indicating that the e-LTC is associated with an athermal process, the resonant collective motion of the relatively high density region here. The dependence of id0,c on .TAU. found for electropulsing in LN2 showed good agreement with that observed at RT, indicating that the density fluctuation responsible for the e-LTC was that frozen at the glass transition temperature. The transmission electron microscopy observation revealed that crystallites formedby the e-LTC showed crystallographic alignment with each other, suggesting that the transformation of the relatively high density regions to a crystalline phase took place. The underlying mechanism of the e-LTC was discussed

A study on stresses in nurses Report I - Job stressors relevant to job satisfaction and mood states

新潟県内の看護婦571名を対象にNIOSH職業性ストレス調査票を用いてストレスに関する調査を行った.本研究では,ストレッサ-と職務満足感,抑うつ-落ち込み(D)および活気(Ⅴ)との関連を検討した.1. positive項目の経験の有無はⅤ得点と関連がみられ, negative項目の経験の有無はD得点と関連がみられた.2. POMSを用いた気分を測定した結果,対象となった看護婦のDは一般集団のそれよりも高い値を示し, Vは逆に低い値であった.3.職務満足感は労働負荷の変動,技能の低活用,仕事のコントロール, positive項目数と有意な相関関係があった.4. Dは,労働負荷の変動,技能の低活用, negative項目数, neutral項目数,合計項目数との間に有意な正の相関があった.5. Vは,仕事のコントロール,人々への責任, positive項目数, negative項目数,合計項目数と有意な正の相関があり,技能の低活用と負の相関があった.Using 571 nurses working in Niigata Prefecture an investigation related to their stresses experienced in their work was performed.In this report stressors relevant to job satisfhction, depression-dejection(D) and vigor(V) were studied, using inventories for stressors in the work of the NIOSH and that for 51 stressors on nursing individually prepared. The scale of NIOSH was used for measurement of job satisfhction and that of Profile of Mood States for D and V 1.Presence of the experienced positive items was related to V scores and that of the negative items to D scores in the stressor inventories. 2.The D score of the subject nurse group was higher than that of the general group, While the V score was lower, on the contrary. 3.Job satisfhction was significantly correlated to variance in workload, skill underutilization, job control, and numbers of the positiveitem. 4.D was significantly correlated positively to variance in workload, skill underutilization, and numbers of the negative item, neutral item and total item. 5.V was significantly correlated positively to job control,responsibility for people, and numbers of the positiveitem, negativeitem and total items, While it was correlated negatively to skill underutilization.departmental bulletin pape