磷与水分互作的根土界面效应及其高效利用机制研究进展

【目的】磷与水分利用率低是制约作物生产的重要因子。磷必须在水分的作用下通过根土界面才能被作物吸收利用,磷和水分在根土界面的互作效应是影响其高效利用的关键环节。本文以根际为核心,重点综述了磷与水分在根土界面的互作机制,并剖析了通过强化根土界面磷与水分的协同,提高农田水肥资源利用效率的根际调控途径。【主要进展】根系的形态和生理变化深刻影响磷和水分的有效性,而根系生长和根际过程依赖于植物的营养和水分供应状况,作物根层适宜的水分和养分供应水平能最大化根系和根际过程的效率,从而促进作物对磷与水资源的高效利用。作物根系除了能对根层土壤中磷和水分的系统供应做出响应外,也对局部磷和水分的变化产生形态和生理上的反应。根系响应磷和水分的表型可塑性与植物激素的调控作用密切相关。ABA、乙烯、NO均参与磷和水分互作的调控过程,质外体p H在调控植物抵抗水分胁迫过程中具有重要作用,并与植物的营养状况密切相关。【展望】深入理解根土界面水与磷互作的协同过程及其调控机制是提高集约化作物体系水分和磷利用效率的关键。未来的研究方向与重点包括:进一步揭示磷和水分互作与激素信号途径之间的关系,探明农田生态系统中磷与水分互作的根土界面效应及其高效利用的协同机制,建立不同种植条件下水肥资源高效利用的根际调控途径,为通过根系、根际的定向调控,发挥其生物学潜力,提高集约化农田水肥资源的利用效率提供科学依据

嫦娥一号月球地形模型的一些应用研究/Some application researches based on lunar topography model of Chang'E-1 Orbiter[J]

利用嫦娥一号绕月卫星激光高度计数据获取得到的新的360阶次的地形模型CLTM-s03,开展了初步应用研究,包括对嫦娥一号CCD立体相机数据进行了校对,发现并了解立体相机分析中的约900 m的垂向系统误差;利用撞击坑计数法,基于标校后的照相数据对嫦娥一号地形中新发现的玉兔火山区域的年龄特征进行了分析;结合新的CLTM-s03地形模型和CE-GM-02重力场模型,新证实了西拉德撞击坑是一个布格质量瘤异常区域

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

Prediction of Energy Resolution in the JUNO Experiment

International audienceThis paper presents the energy resolution study in the JUNO experiment, incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction phase. The determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 MeV. To achieve this ambitious goal, significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO detector. Various factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution, extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons, such as the properties of liquid scintillator, performance of photomultiplier tubes, and the energy reconstruction algorithm. To account for these effects, a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is employed. This enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy resolution. The study reveals an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 MeV. Furthermore, the study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution budget. This analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data taking. Moreover, it provides a guideline in comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies