対人コミュニケーションスキルとしてのファッションの役割

This study examined whether fashion can function as an interpersonal communication skill. A total of 35 female university students enrolled in a non-fashion related department produced fashion outfits (including clothes, accessories, hairstyles, and makeup) as a form of self-expression to represent their impressions of a theme, and 64 other students gave the resulting ensembles a five-step evaluation using image-rating adjective pairs. We tested the alignment between the studentsʼ self-expression and the impression that others received. The results showed rates of conformity of 62.8% and 74.3% at the 5% and 1% significance levels, respectively. Impressions were communicated at a high level of accuracy, thus demonstrating that fashion can function as an interpersonal communication skill

Effects of Restricted Rhizosphere on Various Growth Characters of Paddy Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.) : 3. Isolation of Roots Systems and Plant Growth

本実験は水稲根系の株内相互作用を解明するため, 株内の個体の根系を隔離した場合と, 根系が交錯した場合(標準区)における, 水稲の諸形質の差異について検討した。根系が隔離された条件のもとでは, 幼穂形成期の株当り全乾物重は根圏域の大きさと関係なく, 4本植で増加し8本植では減少した。出穂期にはすべての区で増加したが, その増加量はL区で最も大きかった。しかし, 成熟期になると各区とも増加量は著しく小さかった。各生育段階におけるT-R率は根系隔離によって低下した。その程度は根圏域の大きさ並びに1株本数によって異なった。しかし, 成熟期には4本植, 8本植共に, 根圏域が大きいほど根圏隔離による差が大きくなった。株当り葉面積は根系が隔離されると増加したが, 幼穂形成期には根圏域が小さいほど増加の程度が大きく, 逆に出穂期以後は根圏域が大きいほど増加の程度が大きかった。株当りN含有量は, 幼穂形成期には根系が隔離されると増加したが, 根圏域が小さいほど増加の程度が大きかった。しかし, 出穂期には標準区との差は極めて小さかった。成熟期になると, 4本植のN含有量は再び標準区より多くなったが, 8本植では少ないままであった。さらに1株本数に関係なく, 根系隔離の影響は, 根圏域が小さいほど大きかった。 / In this study, growth characteristics of paddy rice plants (Oryza sativa L., cv. Nihonbare) in the cases where individual root system were isolated with each other or not (control plot) were examined in order to elucidate the interaction of root system within hill. Under the condition in which individual root system were isolated with each other, total plant dry weight per hill increased in 4 plant hill and decreased in 8 plant hill regardless of rhizosphere size at panicle formation stage. It increased in all plots at heading time, with the highest increase in L plot. However, the increase in total plant dry weight was very small in each plot at maturing stage. T-R ratio was reduced by the isolation of root system at each growth stage. The extent of the decline in T-R ratio varied with rhizosphere size and the number of plants per hill. However, the difference in T-R ratio due to root system isolation extended with increasing rhizosphere sizes in both 4 and 8 plant hills at maturing stages. Leaf area per hill increased by isolating root system of individual plants, with greater extents of the increase in smaller rhizosphere at panicle formation stage and in larger rhizospheres after heading. Nitrogen content per hill increased by isolating root system in each plot at panicle formation stage, with greater extents of the increase in smaller rhizospheres. However, the difference in N content between treated plots and control plot was very small at heading time. At maturing stage, N content was higher again in 4 plant hill than the control plot and remained at a low level in 8 plant hill. Also, the effects of root system isolation were more pronounced in smaller rhizospheres regardless of the number of plants per hill

The Way of Describing “Seinen” in the Study of Adult and Community Education : Focusing on the Transition of the Concept of “Seinen” Post War

Today, young people are described as “Wakamono” in adult and community education research, which is essentially different from the concept of “Seinen”. If we don’t consider about the meaning of the two words, the effectiveness of adult and community education research when approaching youth can be ambiguous. So, in this paper is to organize how “Seinen” is described in post-war study of adult and community education research, and it is to consider how that affects today’s research. As a result, the following became clear. First, the concept of “Seinen” has come to include concepts such as “personality” and “subject” in the process of historical construction. Seconds, today’s adult and community education research needs to consider these concepts separately from the concept of “Seinen”

Transcriptional regulation of insect steroid hormone biosynthesis and its role in controlling timing of molting and metamorphosis

The developmental transition from juvenile to adult is often accompanied by many systemic changes in morphology, metabolism, and reproduction. Curiously, both mammalian puberty and insect metamorphosis are triggered by a pulse of steroid hormones, which can harmonize gene expression profiles in the body and thus orchestrate drastic biological changes. However, understanding of how the timing of steroid hormone biosynthesis is regulated at the molecular level is poor. The principal insect steroid hormone, ecdysteroid, is biosynthesized from dietary cholesterol in the specialized endocrine organ called the prothoracic gland. The periodic pulses of ecdysteroid titers determine the timing of molting and metamorphosis. To date, at least nine families of ecdysteroidogenic enzyme genes have been identified. Expression levels of these genes correlate well with ecdysteroid titers, indicating that the transcriptional regulatory network plays a critical role in regulating the ecdysteroid biosynthesis pathway. In this article, we summarize the transcriptional regulation of ecdysteroid biosynthesis. We first describe the development of prothoracic gland cells during Drosophila embryogenesis, and then provide an overview of the transcription factors that act in ecdysteroid biosynthesis and signaling. We also discuss the external signaling pathways that target these transcriptional regulators. Furthermore, we describe conserved and/or diverse aspects of steroid hormone biosynthesis in insect species as well as vertebrates