Classification method of diabetes based on integration of characteristic classifier

目的:结合医用电子鼻技术,探讨糖尿病患者及其口腔呼气的气味图谱特征。方法:选择180例糖尿病患者和100例健康者,用医用电子鼻采集280例口腔呼气的气味图谱,采用基于数据特征划分的方法,用支持向量机和随机森林集成模型对糖尿病患者进行分类预测。结果:1线性核函数的支持向量机(SVM1)分类结果不是很理想,低于多项式核(SVM2)、径向基函数核(SVM3)和随机森林(RF)3种分类器,说明分类超平面显然是非线性的;2集成分类器对糖尿病患者和健康者的气味图谱特征的识别准确率可达88.04%。结论:基于特征划分的分类器集成方法预测性能明显好于单一分类器,为使用医用电子鼻进行糖尿病诊断分析提供了一种有效手段。Objective: To discuss the proi le features of oral odor of diabetic patients based on medical electronic nose technology. Methods: 180 patients of diabetes and 100 healthy people were selected, and the proi le features of oral odor of 280 volunteers were collected by using medical electronic nose. The classii cation forecasting was carried out on diabetic patients by using support vector machine(SVM) and random forest integration model based on partitioning method of data characteristics. Results: 1The classii cation result of SVM1 was not very good, which was lower than that of SVM2, SVM3 and RF, and the result showed that the classii cation hyperplane is nonlinear. 2The accurate rate of recognition of integrated classii er on diabetic patients and healthy people is 88.04%. Conclusion: The forecasting performance of classii er integration method based on feature division is superior to that of single classii er signii cantly, which provided an ef ective means for the diagnostic analysis of diabetes based on medical electronic nose.国家自然科学基金项目(No.81373552);; 福建省教育厅A类项目(No.JA14212);; 福建工程学院科研启动项目(No.GY-Z12079)~

基于电子鼻的慢性胃炎气滞证患者常见病位的口腔呼气气味图谱研究

目的:运用电子鼻探讨慢性胃炎气滞证患者常见病位的口腔呼气气味图谱特征。方法:采用证素辨证的方法,筛选出397例慢性胃炎气滞证患者并判断病位证素,同时运用基于阵列式气体传感器技术的医用电子鼻(EN0l1103-A)采集其口腔呼气的气味图谱,选择气味图谱响应曲线的振幅、斜率作为图谱特征参数,借助分类器算法对慢性胃炎气滞证与非气滞证的口腔呼气气味图谱特征进行模式识别,比较慢性胃炎气滞证患者常见病位的口腔呼气气味图谱特征。结果:慢性胃炎气滞证的主要病位证素分布是胃(91.18%)、脾(38.29%)、肝(23.68%);主要病位为胃、脾胃、肝脾胃、肝胃;采用分类器算法对慢性胃炎气滞证的气味图谱进行模式识别时,运用随机森林算法,对气滞证的准确率可以达到65.85%;病位胃组、脾胃组的气味图谱响应曲线B、C、D、E、F、I、J的振幅均显著低于病位肝脾胃组(P<0.01);病位胃组、脾胃组的气味图谱响应曲线C、D、E、F、I的斜率均显著低于病位肝脾胃组(P<0.01),脾胃组曲线A的斜率低于病位肝脾胃组(P<0.05)。结论:运用电子鼻结合模式识别方法可初步判断慢性胃炎气滞证及其不同病位间的口腔呼气气味差异。国家自然科学基金项目(No.81373552);;福建省自然科学基金项目(No.2014J01362);;福建省中医药科研项目(No.wzpw201313);;福建省教育厅A类项目(No.JA14212);;载人航天领域预先研究项目(No.020104)~

脂多糖激活所致大鼠抑郁样行为及对海马神经细胞钾电流变化的影响

采用细胞因子刺激剂脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)为免疫激活手段,研究LPS诱导的免疫激活产生的抑郁样行为及对海马神经细胞电压依赖钾电流变化的影响。应用膜片钳技术对海马神经细胞钾电流进行全细胞记录,比较抑郁样行为大鼠与正常大鼠钾离子通道电流密度和激活特性的变化。结果发现,与生理盐水对照组相比,一次LPS注射后2hr,实验组动物产生抑郁样行为,同时急性观察的海马神经细胞的钾离子通道的电流密度呈现显著升高(p<0.01);而一次LPS注射后24hr,动物的抑郁样行为消失,且急性观察的海马神经细胞的钾离子通道与对照组相比较,其电流密度和激活曲线没有显著性变化。结论:LPS诱导的抑郁样行为,与LPS诱导的海马神经细胞电压依赖钾电流的上调在时程上同步,提示钾离子通道可能参与免疫激活所致的抑郁样行为

Analysis on gene detection results of 3715 cases with thalassemia in Xiamen

目的:调查厦门地区地中海贫血基因的携带率、基因突变类型及其频率分布。方法:对2013年1月~2014年8月在该院住院或门诊治疗的患者及健康体检人员共3 715例进行地中海贫血基因检测,对检测结果进行统计分析。结果:检测出静止型α-地中海贫血200例(5.4%),中间型α-地中海贫血44例(1.2%),标准型α-地中海贫血1 213例(32.6%),β-地中海贫血787例(21.2%),α-合并β-地中海贫血69例(1.8%)。结论:不同就诊对象地中海贫血检出率具有明显差异,血常规是筛查地中海贫血高危孕妇的一个有效手段,但也存在一些缺陷,需引起重视。Objective: To survey the carrying rate,types of gene mutation,and frequency distribution of thalassemia gene in Xiamen.Methods: Thalassemia gene detection was conducted among 3 715 patients treated in the hospital or in outpatient department of the hospital and healthy cases receiving physical examination,the results were analyzed statistically.Results: Among the cases,200 cases( 5.4%) were diagnosed as silent α-thalassemia,44 cases( 1.2%) were diagnosed as intermediate α-thalassemia,1 213 cases( 32.6%)were diagnosed as standard α-thalassemia,787 cases( 21.2%) were diagnosed as β-thalassemia,69 cases( 1.8%) were diagnosed as α-thalassemia combined with β- thalassemia.Conclusion: The detection rates of thalassemia among different objects vary,blood routine screening is an effective means for screening high-risk pregnant women,but there are some defects,which should be paid more attention to

Epidemiological survey and study of gestational diabetes mellitus

目的:调查厦门地区妊娠期糖尿病(gdM)患病率及妊娠结局,研究与gdM发病相关的高危因素。方法:收集2013年6月~2014年3月就诊于厦门市妇幼保健院的2 151例孕妇的一般资料及75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OgTT)结果,并随访其妊娠结局。将调查对象分为对照组和gdM组,分析、比较两组妊娠并发症、高危因素和妊娠结局。结果:厦门地区gdM患病率为15.20%。gdM组羊水过多发生率及剖宫产率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。年龄、孕前体重及孕前体重指数(bMI)与gdM发病率显著相关(P 0.05).Age,progestational weight and progestational body mass index( BMI) were significantly correlated with morbidity of GDM( P < 0.05).Conclusion: The pregnant women with GDM are more likely to have polyhydramnios and cesarean section.Age,progestational weight and progestational BMI are high risk factors of GDM.福建省医药卫生科技创新项目〔2014-CXB-46

Identification and analysis of odor of patients with exterior syndrome based on medical electronic nose

目的:运用自主研发的医用电子鼻探讨表证患者口腔呼气的气味图谱特征及气味识别准确率。方法:选择表证青年患者150例和健康青年人200名,运用基于薄膜型气体传感器阵列技术的医用电子鼻(nAnOfIlM-EnOSE MEdICAl001)采集口腔呼气的气味图谱,以响应曲线的振幅和上升斜率作为曲线特征,分析表证患者及其寒热病性的图谱特征,并进行判别分析。结果:表寒证和表热证患者的气味图谱响应曲线A、b、d、E、g、H的振幅和上升斜率均显著高于健康学生(P<0.01)。表热证患者的气味图谱响应曲线A、b、d、E、H的振幅和上升斜率均显著高于表寒证患者(P<0.05,P<0.01),表热证患者的气味图谱响应曲线g的振幅显著高于表寒证患者(P<0.01)。判别分析显示对健康青年人、表寒证青年患者、表热证青年患者口腔呼气的识别准确率分别为90.5%、86.5%、88.0%,对全部案例的识别准确率为89.1%。结论:表证青年患者口腔呼气的气味较健康青年人浓烈,且表热证青年患者气味变化较表寒证青年患者更明显,本医用电子鼻能够较为敏感和准确地辨识表证青年患者口腔呼气的气味特征及其寒热病性。医用电子鼻技术的发展可为中医嗅诊客观化研究提供手段和方法。Objective: to explore the odor response pattern characteristics of oral breath of patients with exterior syndrome and accuracy rates of odor identiication by medical electronic nose which was independent research and development.Methods: 150 young patients with exterior syndrome and 200 healthy young students were observed.Odor response patterns of oral breath were collected by the electronic nose(Nanoilm-Enose Medical001) based on a ilm of gas sensor array.The amplitude and rising slope of response curves were selected as curve characteristics to analyze pattern characteristics of exterior syndrome including exterior cold syndrome and exterior heat syndrome,and discriminant analysis was done.Results: In odor response patterns of patients with exterior cold syndrome and with exterior heat syndrome,the amplitudes and rising slopes of response curve A,B,D,E,G and H were signiicantly higher than those of healthy students(P<0.01).In odor response patterns of patients with exterior heat syndrome,the amplitudes and rising slopes of response curve A,B,D,E and H were signiicantly higher than those of patients with exterior cold syndrome(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the amplitude of response curve G was signiicantly higher than that of patients with exterior cold syndrome(P<0.01).Discriminant analysis showed that the accuracy rate of oral breath identiication of healthy students,patients with exterior cold syndrome and patients with exterior heat syndrome was 90.5%,86.5% and 88.0% respectively,and the accuracy rate of all cases was 89.1%.Conclusion: The odors of oral breath of patients with exterior syndrome were signiicantly stronger than those of healthy people.The odors of patients with exterior heat syndrome were signiicantly stronger than those of patients with exterior cold syndrome.This medical electronic nose could distinguish odor characteristic of oral breath of patients with exterior syndrome sensitively and accurately;and it could also distinguish odor characteristic of exterior cold syndrome from exterior heat syndrome.The development of medical electronic nose could provide a kind of new means for the study on the objectiication of TCM smelling examination.国家自然科学基金项目(No.30901899); 福建省教育厅A类项目(No.JA09132)~

Study on odor response patterns of patients with exterior syndrome based on electronic nose technology

目的:运用电子鼻技术探讨表证患者口腔呼气的气味图谱特征。方法:选择表证患者(青年学生)114例和健康青年学生255名,运用基于薄膜型气体传感器阵列技术的医用电子鼻(nAnOfIlM-EnOSE MEdICAl001)采集口腔呼气的气味图谱,以响应曲线的振幅和上升斜率作为曲线特征,分析表证患者及其寒热病性的图谱特征。结果:1表证患者的气味图谱响应曲线A、b、d、E、g、H的振幅和上升斜率均显著高于健康学生(P<0.05,P<0.01)。2表寒证和表热证患者的气味图谱响应曲线A、b、d、E、g、H的振幅均显著高于健康学生(P<0.05,P<0.01)。3表寒证患者的气味图谱响应曲线A、b、d、g的上升斜率显著高于健康学生(P<0.05,P<0.01)。表热证患者的气味图谱响应曲线A、b、d、E、g、H的上升斜率显著高于健康学生(P<0.05,P<0.01)。4表热证患者的气味图谱响应曲线A、b、d、E、H的振幅和上升斜率均显著高于表寒证患者(P<0.05)。结论:表证患者口腔呼气的气味较健康人浓烈,且表热证患者气味变化较表寒证患者更明显,本电子鼻能够较为敏感和准确地辨识表证患者口腔呼气的气味特征及其寒热病性,电子鼻技术的发展可为中医嗅诊客观化研究提供手段和方法。Objective: To explore the odor response pattern characteristics of oral breath of patients with exterior syndrome by electronic nose.Methods: 114 patients with exterior syndrome(young students) and 255 healthy young students were observed.Odor response patterns of oral breath were collected by the electronic nose(Nanofilm-Enose Medical001) based on a thin film of gas sensors array.The amplitude and rising slope of response curves were selected as curve characteristics to analyze pattern characteristics of exterior syndrome including exterior cold syndrome and exterior heat syndrome.Results: ①In odor response patterns of patients with exterior syndrome,the amplitudes and rising slopes of response curve A,B,D,E,G and H were significantly higher than those of healthy students(P<0.05,P<0.01).②In odor response patterns of patients with exterior cold syndrome and with exterior heat syndrome,the amplitudes of response curve A,B,D,E,G and H were significantly higher than those of healthy students(P<0.05,P<0.01).③In odor response patterns of patients with exterior cold syndrome,the rising slopes of response curve A,B,D and G were significantly higher than those of healthy students(P<0.05,P<0.01).In odor response patterns of patients with exterior heat syndrome,the rising slopes of response curve A,B,D,E,G and H were significantly higher than those of healthy students(P<0.05,P<0.01).④In odor response patterns of patients with exterior heat syndrome,the amplitudes and rising slopes of response curve A,B,D,E and H were significantly higher than those of patients with exterior cold syndrome(P<0.05).Conclusion: The odors of oral breath of patients with exterior syndrome were significantly stronger than those of healthy people.The odors of patients with exterior heat syndrome were significantly stronger than those of patients with exterior cold syndrome.This electronic nose could distinguish odor characteristics of oral breath of patients with exterior syndrome sensitively and accurately;and it could also distinguish odor characteristics of exterior cold syndrome from exterior heat syndrome.The development of electronic nose could provide a kind of new means for the study on the objectification of TCM smelling examination.国家自然科学基金项目(No.30901899); 福建省教育厅A类项目(No.JA09132)~

A Study on the Relationship between Tobacco Tax and Cigarette Smuggling in Taiwan

根據2002年施行之菸酒稅法第7條及第22條，每千支紙菸應徵收590元的菸稅及250元的健康福利捐，且健康福利捐之金額每2年須重新檢討。菸稅至今雖然尚未調整，然定期評估檢視之健康福利捐，因修正相關的菸酒稅法與菸害防制法，已歷經2次調漲，甚至於2011年，因營業稅法之修正，將其納入營業稅稅基，直接衝擊菸品零售價。菸稅捐的開徵與陸續調漲，讓不肖業者有利可圖，致不法走私菸品猖獗，除了侵蝕國家稅收，亦有危害國人健康之虞，同時使政府欲透過寓禁於徵，抑制國人菸品需求之相關菸品政策大打折扣。 本研究參考Thursby and Thursby（2000）模型，配合我國國情、法規修正，利用台灣菸酒公司1987至2010年菸品銷售資料，試圖推估國內同期間之走私菸品，進而求算包含走私菸之全部菸品需求與分析相關影響。結果顯示，各年與前一年之菸品稅差，與合法人均菸品需求具顯著負向關係，若依菸稅捐施行、調整年度，分三階段觀察（即施行菸酒稅至第一次健康福利捐調漲之前一年、第一次調漲健康福利捐至第二次調漲之前一年及第二次健康福利捐調漲至今），平均而言，走私率隨著稅差增加而上升，兩者具正向關係；再者，未考慮走私的人均菸品需求價格彈性大於考量走私菸之人均菸品需求之價格彈性，代表欲藉由菸稅捐之開徵或調漲，致菸品價格調漲以降低菸品需求，寓禁於徵、以價制量之效果變小；此外，各研究推估之國內走私菸品皆大於實際查獲量，故若能搭配強而有效的查緝執法行動，降低走私菸甚至完全滅絕，人均菸品需求之價格彈性會變大，相關菸稅政策之目標則較易達成

白细胞介素-6与抑郁样行为

白细胞介素-6（Intedeukin-6，IL-6）是机体介导天然免疫的一类细胞因子，在机体内有多种生物学功能，如参与介导炎症反应，调节免疫等等。近年来，随着对细胞因子的深入研究，IL-6在机体内的作用也受到了重视，特别是IL-6在抑郁样行为中的作用，引起国内外学者的关注。本文就有关IL-6在抑郁样行为中的作用的研究综述如下

白细胞介素-6与抑郁样行为

白细胞介素-6（Intedeukin-6，IL-6）是机体介导天然免疫的一类细胞因子，在机体内有多种生物学功能，如参与介导炎症反应，调节免疫等等。近年来，随着对细胞因子的深入研究，IL-6在机体内的作用也受到了重视，特别是IL-6在抑郁样行为中的作用，引起国内外学者的关注。本文就有关IL-6在抑郁样行为中的作用的研究综述如下。</p