Clinical observation on treatment of children amblyopia by Peibuganshen Huoxuetongluo method

目的观察培补肝肾活血通络法治疗儿童弱视的临床疗效。方法将符合纳入标准的儿童弱视患者74例134只眼,随机分为对照组（36例65只眼）和治疗组（38例69只眼）。对照组用1%阿托品眼膏点眼后验光配镜,同时采用遮盖方法及精细作业治疗;治疗组在戴镜、遮盖及精细作业的基础上,采用自拟培补肝肾活血通络方口服,以1个月为1个疗程,连续治疗3个疗程。比较两组视力和视力改善的起效时间,治疗后评价临床疗效。结果治疗组38例69只眼,基本痊愈23只眼,进步36只眼,无效10只眼,总有效率85.5%;对照组36例65只眼,基本痊愈13只眼,进步20只眼,无效32只眼,总有效率50.8%。治疗组疗效优于对照组（Mann-Whitney U检验,Z=-3.684,P〈0.001）。两组患者治疗后视力均明显改善（P〈0.05）;治疗后治疗组视力明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）。治疗组视力改善的起效时间短于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论培补肝肾活血通络法治疗儿童弱视的有效率明显高于常规基础治疗,且起效快,有临床应用价值。OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effects of Peibuganshen Huoxuetongluo method on children amblyopia. METHODS Seventy-four children amblyopia cases（134 eyes） met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into control group of 36 patients（65 eyes） and treatment group of 38 patients（69 eyes）. The patients in con-trol group were treated with 1% atropine and optometry glasses as well as cover up therapy and eyesight exercise; in addition to above mentioned methods, subjects in treatment group were given Peibuganshen Huoxuetongluo decoc-tion orally. Both groups were treated continuously for 3 courses of 3 months. The eyesight and effect onset time were compared between the two groups. After treatment, clinical curative effect was evaluated. RESULTS Among 38 cases（69 eyes） in treatment group, 23 eyes were recovered, 36 improved, 10 had no effects and the total effective rate was 85.5%; among 36 cases（65 eyes） in control group, 13 eyes were recovered, 20 improved, 32 had no effects and the total effective rate was 50.8%. The efficacy of treatment group was remarkably superior to the control group（Mann-Whitney U test, Z =-3.684, P〈0.001）. The eyesight of the treatment group after treatment was remarkably higher than that of the control group（P〈0.05）. The onset time of eyesight of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group, and the differences had statistical significance（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Treating children amblyopia with Peibuganshen Huoxuetongluo method showed higher effective rate and shorter onset time in contrast to the routine basic therapy, thus it was of value in clinical application.四川省中医药管理局科研项目（2014-B-026

中国红树林的害虫种类及其综合防治

通过对文献资料的统计，共发现中国红树林害虫128种，隶属2纲7目55科，其中以鳞翅目、半翅目昆虫为主，分别占总数的52.4%和26.6%。危害无瓣海桑Sonneratia apetala、桐花树Aegiceras corniculatum、秋茄Kandelia obovata、白骨壤Avicennia marina、海桑Sonneratia caseolaris的害虫分别有45种、45种、37种、32种和20种。广东红树林害虫种类最多，共计95种，广西其次，有49种。鳞翅目害虫多以幼虫取食为害，主要包括海榄雌瘤斑螟Acrobasis sp.、桐花树毛颚小卷蛾Lasiognatha cellifera Meyrick、棉古毒蛾Orgyia postica Walker、蜡彩袋蛾Chalia larminati Heylaerts、丽绿刺蛾Latoia lepida Cramer等；半翅目害虫以幼虫、成虫吸食植物汁液为害，主要有考氏白盾蚧Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli (Cooley)、广翅蜡蝉Ricania sp.等。在虫害的综合防治中，以生物防治为主，即利用寄生蜂、苏云金杆菌、白僵菌、捕食性天敌和生物制剂等进行防治，结合物理防治方法可以提升防治效果。此外，对红树林虫害暴发的原因和机制也进行了探讨分析

An Optical High Temperature Thermometer for Plume Measurement of Solid Propellant Rocket Motor

利用辐射光谱测量温度的原理,设计并制造了一种新型的非接触式光学辐射高温计.详细介绍该温度计的基本原理和标定方法,并将该温度计应用于火箭发动机喷管出口羽流的温度测量中,初步的实验结果和数值模拟结果相一致

Generating High-concentration Solution of Reactive Oxygen Species by Strong-field Ionization Discharge

为优化氧活性粒子(rOS)在水中的生成条件,并为rOS溶液生成装置提供优化系统参数的依据,研究了rOS质量浓度在水温、PH值、O2给气体积流量、rOS投加体积质量,以及系统气压(混溶压力)等因素作用下的变化规律。实验中,气态rOS在强电离条件下通过介质阻挡放电生成,以O3计,通过O3检测仪测定其浓度;水中rOS质量浓度采用dPd分光光度法测定,用CrS来表示。实验结果表明:水温、PH值与CrS呈极显著负相关(相关系数P0.05);CrS在水温分别为16℃与24.5℃之间、PH=6.5与PH=7.0之间、O2给气体积流量为2 l/MIn与3 l/MIn之间均为差异不显著(P>0.05),其余各水温、PH值、O2给气体积流量之间均为差异显著(PO2给气体积流量>系统气压与O2给气体积流量交互作用。To optimize the generating condition of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in solution, and to provide a reference for improving ROS preparation system, we investigated the effects of several parameters, including solution temperature, solution pH, O2 input, ROS dosages, and system pressure, on the concentration of obtained ROS solution.Gaseous ROS was generated in a strong-field ionization condition induced by under dielectric barrier discharge(DBD), and its dosage represented by O3 was measured by ozone monitor.ROS in solution was caught by DPD(N, N-diethyl-p-pHenylenediamine), which was measured by DPD spectrophotometry, and the concentration of ROS solution was denoted by CRS.According to the experiments, both water temperature and pH have significant negative correlation with CRS(relativefactor P0.05).The differences between CRS are insignificant(P>0.05) under conditions of solution temperature of 16 ℃, 20 ℃, 24.5 ℃, solution pH of 6.5 and 7.0, as well as O2 input of 2 L/min and 3 L/min(P>0.05), but they are highly significant(P<0.01) or significant(P<0.05) under other tested conditions.Moreover, CRS significantly increases with the decrease of miscibility pressure(P<0.01), and it is significantly affected by the interaction between miscibility pressure and O2 input under higher ROS dosages(P<0.01).Lower water temperature, lower pH, higher ROS dosages, and lower miscibility pressure are all beneficial to increasing the concentration of ROS(CRS), which is significantly affected by the change of several parameters including solution temperature in the lower range, pH around 7, O2 input in the range of larger amount, etc.On the condition of high ROS dosage input, CRS is influenced by miscibility pressure, O2 input, and the interaction between miscibility pressure and O2 input in a descending order.国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2012AA062609); 国家科技支撑计划(2013BAC06B02); 国家杰出青年科学基金(61025001)~

贵州高原山区正负地形特征及其对人口分布的影响

正负地形可通过源汇过程对水、土资源进行再分配，影响着山区的人口分布，有待深入研究。获取正负地形数据，运用6个指标和多元逐步回归方法，分析贵州高原山区正负地形特征及其对人口分布的影响。研究表明：①贵州高原山区的正负地形结构异质性明显。蚕食度、深切度、平均粗糙度比、形状指标、匀度指数、破碎度的平均值分别为1.07、371m、 1.01、3.40、325和3.34。表明正地形被负地形蚕食明显、切入深度大，正、负地形的粗糙度基本相当，正负地形景观斑块呈现形状不规则、面积不均匀的破碎状态。6个正负地形指标中，匀度指数的变异性最大，变异系数为90.43%；平均粗糙度比的变异性最小，变异系数为1.06%。②贵州高原山区的人口分布不均匀性突出。人口累积达到40%时，累积面积百分比为14%；人口累积达到80%时，累积面积百分比约为50%；余下50%的面积则只积累了约20%的人口。③6个正负地形指标中，蚕食度和深切度是影响人口分布的主要因素。蚕食度通过影响土地承载力决定了人口的集聚水平，与人口密度呈正相关关系。深切度通过影响人居环境的地质灾害风险决定了人口的集聚水平，与人口密度呈负相关关系。研究成果为研究地形条件的人口影响提供补充，并为贵州高原山区人-地关系协调和土地可持续管理提供参考。国家自然科学基金(41761003,41867001,41661081)教育部人文社会科学研究项目(18YJC850010)贵州省普通高等学校科技拔尖人才支持计划(黔教合KY字[2018]042

Experimental study on reperfusion of intraocular lens

作者简介: 祁明信, 男, 1945 年7 月 出生, 教授、主任医师、博士研究生 导师, 主要从事白内障的基础与临 床研究。联系电话: 0591-83570887; E-mail:qihuang@netease. com 通讯作者: 黄秀榕,E-mail:[email protected][中文文摘]目的开展晶状体再灌注的离体和动物实验研究,并对再灌注人工晶状体技术进行评价。方法采用新鲜离体幼兔眼、离体猪眼、新西兰白兔眼,应用自行研制的人工晶状体材料,进行以下实验:(1)体外固化实验;(2)晶状体前囊膜微型撕囊及其稳固性实验;(3)经微型前囊膜开口超声乳化吸出晶状体内容物实验;(4)活的新西兰白兔眼内人工晶状体再灌注实验。结果(1)按硅酮聚合物与固化剂50:1的比例可获得柔软、弹性好、固化时间短(完全固化时间为60min)的注入材料;(2)晶状体前囊膜1.8～2.0mm的连续环形撕囊口具有较好的稳定性,可经该微型开口吸出晶状体内容物并灌注材料;(3)超声能量18%、流量25mL·min-1、负压120mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg)为晶状体内容物经微型前囊膜开口吸出的最佳条件;(4)注入灌注材料后可形成由晶状体囊膜包裹的、置换原晶状体皮质和核的、新的再灌注人工晶状体。结论采用再灌注人工晶状体的方法可进行新型人工晶状体再灌注,可为治疗白内障和老视提供参考。[英文文摘]Objective To carry out the experimental study on reperfusion of intraocular lens(IOLs) in vitro or in animal,and to assess the technique of IOLs reperfusion.Methods The following experiments were performed by using self-developed materials in fresh rabbit eyes and pig eyes in vitro,as well as in eyes of alive New-Zea-land rabbits:(1)Solidification study of self-developed material in vitro;(2)Continuous circular capsulorhexis(CCC) in anterior capsule of lens and its stability;(3)Draw of lens contents via phaco through mini-CCC;(4)IOLs ref illing in the eyes of alive New-Zea land rabbits. Results(1) Thematerialwhich was soft, springy and short-term solidification(full solidification time was 60 minutes) were obtained in certain proportion of geland solidified agent(50:1) in vitro; ( 2)The CCC in anterior capsule of lens with 1.8-2.0 mm diameter had very good stability. The lens contents were drawn and the materialwere refilled through themini-CCC; (3) The best conditions of drawing out lens contents through m ini-CCC were phaco energy 18% , flow 25 mL·min- 1, and negative pressure 120 mmH g (1kPa=7.5 mmHg);(4) The new refilled IOLs, which were wrapped by capsule of lens and were replaced original cortex and nucleus of lens, were obtained after thematerial refillied. Conc lusion. New IOLs are refilled through this method, which can prov ide reference for the treatment of cataract and presbyopia.福建省科技三项费用;教育厅重点资助项目基金资助(编号:K98041

Damage to mangroves from extreme cold in early 2008 in southern China

通讯作者Author for correspondence (E-mail: [email protected])2008年初,我国南方19个省经历了50年一遇的持续低温雨雪冰冻天气。极端气候对华南沿海各省的红树林区造成不同程度的危害。2008年3月,在我国南方各省红树林区的10个代表性地点,对这次寒害造成的红树植物伤害程度进行了系统的调查。结果表明:冬季低温对红树林的影响极为显著,特别是在低纬度的海南、广西和广东湛江,由于极端低温正值夜间退潮,对红树林的影响更为显著;在纬度较高的福建,本地红树种类秋茄(Kandelia obovata)、桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)和白骨壤(Avicennia marina)及引种的木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)等,由于长期适应于冬季较低的气温或在种植前经过抗寒锻炼,具有较强的抗寒能力。各地主要红树植物中,广布种秋茄、桐花树和白骨壤最为耐寒,其耐寒性均大于红树科的木榄、海莲(Bruguiera sexangula)和红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa)。海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris)对温度的敏感性最强,抗寒能力最低,因此,即使在其原产地海南也受到较为严重的寒害,在纬度更高的引种地出现大面积受害甚至全部死亡,而从孟加拉国引种的无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)却显示出一定的抗寒能力。同一地点的红树植物幼苗的抗寒能力低于大树。此次寒害也造成了苗圃场的种苗大量死亡,成熟的植株提前落花落果,这势必会影响后继一两年内红树林的自然更新和人工造林。因此,在未来红树林造林或人工引种中,一定要考虑到红树植物的抗寒能力。国家自然科学基金(30671646和30700092);厦门大学“闽江学者”启动基

原位多聚酶链式反应（InSituPCR）技术的应用和发展

原位PCR 是一项新的分子技术, 它结合了原位杂交技术和PCR 技术的优点, 具有高度的 敏感性、特异性, 并能进行精确的定位, 在研究工作和临床诊断上有广阔的应用前景。本文论述了 原位PCR 的原理、方法、应用、技术要点及常见错误的赝象的排除, 以期对原位PCR 的应用提供一 点参考

三峡水库香溪河库湾春季水华期间浮游植物昼夜垂直分布与迁移

三峡水库蓄水后,香溪河库湾每年春季均会暴发硅、甲藻水华.为了揭示香溪河库湾水华的暴发规律,于2008年春季对水华期间优势浮游植物的昼夜垂直分布格局及其影响因子进行了研究.利用时间深度等值图模拟浮游植物在水柱中的昼夜垂直分布格局,并用Morisita指数对其进行定量检验,采用修正的K-S test来检验浮游植物是否存在昼夜垂直迁移现象.结果表明,在甲藻水华发生的吴家湾样点,倪氏拟多甲藻(Peridiniopsis niei)、膝曲裸藻(Euglena geniculata)和具尾逗隐藻(Komma caudata)为优势种类,相对密度分别为53.47%、14.36%、21.94%.倪氏拟多甲藻具有明显的昼夜垂直迁移现象,白天主要聚集分布于水体近表层,晚间在水柱中趋于均匀分布;膝曲裸藻和具尾逗隐藻没有明显的昼夜垂直迁移活动,它们主要聚集分布于水体亚表层,但随着白天光照强度的增强均表现出一定的趋光性.在硅藻水华发生的平邑口样点,优势种类为汉斯冠盘藻(Stephanodiscus hantzschii)和塔胞藻(Phram idom onassp.)(相对密度分别为89.53%和7.96%).汉斯冠盘藻昼夜垂直分布类型无显著差异,主要聚集分布于4m以上水体;塔胞藻具有昼夜垂直迁移现象.Sperman相关分析表明,光照强度的变化是引起倪氏拟多甲藻和塔胞藻昼夜垂直迁移行为的主要环境因素,而其他藻类的昼夜垂直分布格局与光照强度的变化无显著相关.膝曲裸藻和具尾逗隐藻的昼夜垂直分布格局可能受光照的变化及水体扰动的共同影响.汉斯冠盘藻不能自由游动,其昼夜分布格局可能主要受水体扰动的影响