Research on the rapid inactivation of typical algae blooms by hydroxyl radical

以典型水华藻铜绿微囊藻、针杆藻和四尾栅藻为研究对象,利用大气压强电离放电高效生成的羟基自由基(·OH)对3种藻进行杀灭.采用荧光染色、流式细胞仪; 和光合活性等生物学方法,确定·OH杀灭的阈值浓度和时间,并观察细胞形态变化.结果表明,当混合藻中铜绿微囊藻、针杆藻和四尾栅藻的初始藻密度分别为1; 9.5*10~4、21.8*10~4和4.90*10~4cells/mL时,; ·OH杀灭的阈值浓度为1.07mg/L,致死时间为4.5s;形态观察结果表明,处理后各种藻的形态是完整的,无内溶质溢出.因此,采用·OH可实现高; 效快速杀灭水华藻,有效保障饮用水安全.Algae blooming in water sources breaks out increasingly and seriously; threatened the water supply safety. Bench scale tests were conducted to; study the effects of ·OH generated from strong ionization discharge and; high pressure water jet cavitation on cell density, cell integrity and; photosynthetic capacity of 3kinds of typical freshwater algae. Algae; species including Microcystis aeruginosa, Synedra sp., and Scenedesmus; quadricuauda were respectively prepared at concentrations of 19.5*10~4,; 21.8*10~4 and 4.90*10~4 cells/mL, and the cell integrity was assessed by; flow cytometry. Results suggested that the ·OH lethal threshold of the; algae was 1.07mg/L within the exposure time of 4.5s. The cell; morphological observation results showed that all the cells were; integral and no cytoplasm composition spilled. Hence, large-scale; production of ·OH is a novel method to inactive typical algae species; efficiently and to protect drinking water safety simultaneously.国家科技支撑计划资助项目; 国家重大科研仪器研制项

Treatment of algae bloom water using ·OH based on conventional drinking water process

我国水体的富营养化日益严重,水源地出现季节性藻类爆发现象,严重威胁饮用水安全。以厦门市莲坂水厂各工艺段出水为研究对象,采用大气压强电离放电产生羟; 基自由基(·OH),分别对水源水、混凝沉淀出水、砂滤出水进行处理,处理时间为4.5 s。当注入总氧化剂浓度为1.8 mg·; L~(-1)时,高藻浓度从25.3*10~4 cells · mL~(-1)降到800 cells ·; mL~(-1);对混凝沉淀出水注入总氧化剂0.6 mg· L~(-1)、砂滤出水注入0.2 mg·; L~(-1)时,藻细胞都未检出;·OH处理后CODMn、TOC及UV254均有明显降低,砂滤出水三卤甲烷小于8; mug·L~(-1);检测的各项指标均达到国家《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB; 5479-2006)。因此,·OH可快速有效安全地杀灭高藻,为我国高藻水源地饮用水卫生安全保障提供技术支撑。Due to the increasing eutrophication in China, harmful algae blooms; often occur in water body periodically, which poses serious threats to; drinking water safety. Using a strong ionization discharge technology at; atmosphere pressure, ·OH was used to remove algae bloom. Other; conventional process such as coagulation, sedimentation and sand; filtration were applied respectively in the Lianban Water Plant in; Xiamen (China). The total reaction time required in the three water; processes was only 4.5 s. When the total reactive oxidant (TRO); concentration injected to algae bloom water was 1.8 mg·L~(-1), the algae; content was decreased by ·OH from 25.3*10~4 cells·mL~(-1) to 800; cells·mL~(-1). When the TRO that was injected into coagulation,; sedimentation and sand filtration water achieved 0.6 mg·L~(-1) and 0.2; mg·L~(-1), respectively, the algae contents were not detected (ND) in; treated effluents. At the same time, water quality in CODMn, TOC and; UV254 were decreased and the disinfection by-products(DBPs) such as,; trihalomethanes (THMs) concentration was lower than 8 mug·L~(-1) in; treated effluents. The treated effluent, resulting from this technology,; met the requirement of the National Drinking Water Standards (GB; 5479-2006). Therefore, ·OH was effective and safe to remove freshwater; algae without further treatment being required.国家科技支撑计划项目; 国家重大科研仪器研制项目; 科技部创新人才推进计划重点领域创新团

产科护士母乳喂养知识水平及其影响因素的现状调查

目的调查产科护士母乳喂养知识水平,并分析其影响因素。方法采用母乳喂养知识问卷对127名产科护士进行调查。结果产科护士缺乏全面而系统的母乳喂养知识,母乳喂养知识回答平均正确率为57.31%。年龄和产科工作年限是产科护士母乳喂养知识的主要影响因素。结论应对产科护士进行针对性的母乳喂养知识培训,提高产科护士在临床工作中母乳喂养的支持力度

雌性大鼠性早熟对糖脂代谢的影响

目的探究雌性大鼠性早熟对糖代谢和脂代谢的影响。方法将60只两天龄的雌性大鼠随机分为性早熟组和正常组两组，分别在5天龄时给予达那唑（300 μg/只）或溶剂大豆油进行皮下注射，从21天龄起每天观察大鼠的阴道开口状况。建模成功的两组按照阴道开口顺序分别于阴道开口后3 d、7周龄和12周龄进行处死，处死前空腹12 h。方法测量麻醉后的体重和鼻肛长，通过酶联免疫吸附试验测量葡萄糖、胰岛素、血脂、雌二醇、瘦素和脂联素的浓度，病理切片观察肾周脂肪、子宫和卵巢的变化。结果通过正常组和早熟组两组3个时间点对比，早熟组在阴道开口3 d时体质量和鼻肛长小于正常组，但是不影响后续生长发育，7周龄和12周龄时两组体质量和鼻肛长差异无统计学意义。两组的胰岛素浓度对比在阴道开口后3天内有统计学意义（P = 0.001），早熟组存在高胰岛素血症，且早熟组此时的肾周脂肪细胞增多，在7和12周龄差异无统计学意义，两组3个时间点的雌二醇、瘦素和脂联素浓度差异均无统计学意义，两组卵巢和子宫与体质量的比重差异无统计学意义。结论通过两组大鼠的对比，性早熟使机体提前跨越发育的时间窗，不能适应内环境的骤变，产生的一系列变化只是暂时性且可逆性，至成年期会恢复

EB病毒潜伏膜蛋白1调节EGF受体核移位

EB病毒编码的病毒潜伏膜蛋白 1(LMP1)是重要的致瘤蛋白,一直以来是EB病毒致瘤机制的研究核心.传统的受体学说认为,细胞膜受体作为第一信使,在细胞膜上与其配体结合发挥生物学效应.但近年来,对EGFR家族成员受体核移位在基因表达调控中意义的研究,拓宽了人们对细胞膜受体生物学功能的认识.利用我们建立的Tet-on系统调控LMP1表达的细胞系,采用Western blot和激光共聚焦显微镜等技术证实,LMP1可调控EGFR的核移位,并呈一定的剂量效应.通过GFP与EGFR及不同突变体的融合蛋白在细胞内的表达发现,EGFR的核定位信号在其核移位过程中起着一定的作用,并初步发现LMP1调控EGFR核移位为配体非依赖性

2018—2019年中国宏观经济预测

\"中国季度宏观经济模型(CQMM)\"课题组于2018年2月发布了中国季度宏观经济模型(CQMM)第二十四次预测。预测显示,今明两年,全球经济的持续增长将继续拉动中国的对外贸易增长,同时,消费增长仍将维持稳定,但国内投资增长的减速也会继续抑制经济增长。物价方面,CPI会较2017年明显提升,突破2%的水平,但仍处于较温和的价格上涨状态,PPI则呈现高位增长回落的态势,二者的负向缺口将出现萎缩。总体上,今明两年中国经济有望保持6.50%以上的水平,经济增长\"稳中趋缓\"的态势还将延续。模拟研究发现,在当前经济投资构成下,\"降杠杆\"与\"稳增长\"之间,可能存在两难困境,应通过加快民间投资增速,以补偿\"降杠杆\"可能造成的经济增速下降,实现\"降杠杆\"与\"稳增长\"的双重目标。政策当局应抓住今明两年国内外经济的有利时机,综合应用各项政策措施,在防控金融风险的同时,将政策重点放在激发民营经济活力,促进民间投资增速的快速回升之上。国家社科基金重大项目“需求结构转换背景下提高消费对经济增长贡献研究”(15ZDC011);;教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“地方债发行机制与监管研究”(14JZD011);教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“中国经济潜在增速的测算与展望研究”(15JZD016);教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“供给侧结构改革的理论基础与政策思路研究”(16JZD016);;教育部重点研究基地重大项目“中国季度宏观经济模型(CQMM)的再拓展”(17JJD790014);;中央高校基本科研业务费“中国实践背景的现代宏观经济理论与政策”(20720151037

The Morphology of the Primary Dental Arch of Chinese Children in Shijiazhuang-City Part-I: Research concerning the size of the primary tooth crown, primary dental arch and the condition of primary occlusion

The purpose of this study was to investigate the size of the primary tooth crowns, primary dental arches, standard values and frequency distribution of primary occlusion in Chinese children. With the cooperation of a kindergarten in Shijiazhuang-city, China, the dental plasters from 55 children (36 boys and 19 girls, age range from 3-6 years old) with normal primary occlusion were collected. Because of different growth rates of the children, these children were divided into two groups, one comprising children less than 5 years old and the other of 5 years old or older. According to the method that the Japanese Society of Pediatric Dentistry reported, the data were statistically analyzed and compared to Japanese children. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Except lower primary lateral incisors, the values of the mesio-distal width of primary crowns of each tooth were significantly larger for boys than for girls in all tooth types. Also the Chinese children were inclined to show smaller mesio-distal tooth crown width than those of the Japanese children in all types of teeth. 2. Compared with the Japanese children, the Chinese children were inclined to show smaller primary dental arch length both in the maxilla and the mandible. But in the senior group, the Chinese girls were inclined to show smaller primary dental arch width than their Japanese female counterparts. On the contrary, the Chinese children tended to show larger dimensioned primary dental arch height than those of the Japanese children. 3. Though spaces between teeth (primate and growth spaces) were found in the Chinese children, the frequency was lower than that of the Japanese children. 4. The frequency of terminal plans in the Chinese children was 41.8% in the vertical type, 6.4% in the distal-step type and 51.8% in the mesial step type. 5. The primary canines occlusal relationship in the Chinese children was 63.1% in type I, 13.6% in type II and 23.7 in type III

Research on the Function and Construction of Digital Watershed

论文对“数字流域”的结构、功能进行了分析与探索,在流域空间数据库、图形库、空间数据基础框架等方面进行了系统研究,提出了数字流域的构建模式及实现方法

Research on characteristics of spatial distribution and availability of soil potassium forms under long-term fertilization in the dryland of the Loess Plateau

在黄土高原南部旱地长期肥料定位试验的基础上研究了土壤钾素空间分布特征及其有效性。结果表明:长期施肥后土壤中特殊吸附性钾(SAK)和非特殊吸附性钾(NSAK)储量增加,但水溶性钾(WSK)和非交换性钾(NEK)则有明显的下降,单施N水溶性钾下降了48.24%,单施P下降32.32%,NP配施和NPK配施分别下降10.61%和17.93%,非交换性钾降幅为8.56%~24.91%。增施钾肥可以缓解因长期施肥作物生长所携出的钾素,增加耕层土壤中的水溶性钾、非特殊吸附性钾及特殊吸附性钾。相关分析结果表明,土壤不同形态钾素对速效钾的重要性依次为WSK>NSAK>SAK>NEK,土壤速效钾与水溶性钾、非特殊吸附性钾呈显著相关,与特殊吸附性钾和非交换性钾无显著相关性

链激酶加速静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的疗效

摘　要　应用冠状动脉造影评价链激酶加速静脉溶栓(n =25 , 链激酶150 万U/ 30 min)治疗急性心肌梗 死的临床效果, 并与常规方法(n =25 , 链激酶150 万/ 60 min)作对照, 血管再通率分别为84 %和56 %, 两组比 较有显著性差异, P >0 .05 ;副作用和住院期间死亡率组间比较无差异, P >0 .05 。结果显示, 链激酶加速静脉 溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死有增加血管再通率而不增加副作用的优点, 值得临床推广