全反式维甲酸对抗肾小球基底膜肾炎小鼠模型肾脏损害的保护作用

目的探讨全反式维甲酸对肾毒性血清肾炎（NTSN）小鼠模型的作用及机制。方法使用肾毒性血清（NTS）尾静脉注射构建NTSN模型,设置对照组、NTS组、NTS+维甲酸组。NTS注射前5 d给予羊免疫球蛋白和完全弗氏佐剂腹腔注射预处理,预处理后24 h给予16 mg/kg全反式维甲酸或溶媒腹腔注射,NTS注射后7 d处死小鼠。ELISA法检测小鼠白蛋白尿/肌酐比值、小鼠BUN;肾组织石蜡切片HE染色,定量分析新月体肾炎、肾小球节段硬化的百分比;肾组织冰冻切片行CD8+、CD4+、CD68免疫荧光染色,并定量分析; QPCR方法分析肾皮质炎症细胞趋化因子如人单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）、细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）、淋巴细胞趋化因子（LTN）的表达量。结果维甲酸处理组显著减轻肾毒性血清肾炎小鼠模型的蛋白尿[NTS组和NTS+维甲酸组尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值（UACR）分别为:（4. 52±0. 36）×10-3mg/g、（2. 63±0. 18）×10-3mg/g; q=18. 45,P <0. 01]、肾功能[NTS组和NTS+维甲酸组BUN分别为:（16. 81±1. 23） mmol/L、（13. 33±0. 62） mmol/L; q=6. 155,P <0. 01]、减轻肾组织病变[NTS组和NTS+维甲酸组含新月体的肾小球百分比分别为:[（36±1. 58）%、（22. 2±1. 92）%; q=21. 46,P <0. 01]。维甲酸处理组每低倍镜视野下CD8+淋巴细胞计数、CD4+淋巴细胞计数、每高倍镜视野下CD68阳性细胞面积较NTS组均明显减少,差异有统计学意义（q值分别为:9. 545、8. 610、11. 08; P <0. 01）;维甲酸可以显著抑制炎症细胞趋化因子（MCP-1、ICAM-1、LTN）的基因表达。结论维甲酸通过抑制炎症细胞趋化因子的表达、减少炎症细胞的浸润,减轻NTSN小鼠模型的蛋白尿、新月体形成等肾损害。福建省卫计委医学创新课题(2014-CXB-41

丙烷选择氧化用VPO/SiO_2催化剂的研究

对比研究了VPO和VPO/SiO2 催化剂的结构、表面元素氧化态、还原性及其对丙烷选择氧化反应的催化性能 .与VPO催化剂相比 ,VPO/SiO2 催化剂具有较大的比表面积 ;VPO主要以 (VO) 2 P2 O7的形式高度分散于SiO2 表面 ;VPO/SiO2 催化剂的还原温度较低 ;VPO/SiO2 催化剂与丙烷的相互作用较强 ;在反应条件下 ,VPO/SiO2 催化剂的活性较高 ,但产物丙烯的选择性较低 ,并有丙烯醛等C3含氧化合物生成 .这可能是由于VPO/SiO2 催化剂表面的V与Si发生了相互作用之故 .随着VPO担载量的增加 ,VPO/SiO2 催化剂的比表面积减小 ;催化剂的还原温度略有升高 ,可还原的晶格氧量增加 ;催化剂表面与丙烷的相互作用增强 ;丙烷转化率升高而丙烯选择性降低 ,丙烯醛选择性在 5 %VPO/SiO2 催化剂上最高 .这可能是由于随着VPO担载量的增加 ,催化剂表面晶格氧的密度增大所

丙烷选择氧化用VPO/SiO_2催化剂的研究

对比研究了VPO和VPO/SiO2 催化剂的结构、表面元素氧化态、还原性及其对丙烷选择氧化反应的催化性能 .与VPO催化剂相比 ,VPO/SiO2 催化剂具有较大的比表面积 ;VPO主要以 (VO) 2 P2 O7的形式高度分散于SiO2 表面 ;VPO/SiO2 催化剂的还原温度较低 ;VPO/SiO2 催化剂与丙烷的相互作用较强 ;在反应条件下 ,VPO/SiO2 催化剂的活性较高 ,但产物丙烯的选择性较低 ,并有丙烯醛等C3含氧化合物生成 .这可能是由于VPO/SiO2 催化剂表面的V与Si发生了相互作用之故 .随着VPO担载量的增加 ,VPO/SiO2 催化剂的比表面积减小 ;催化剂的还原温度略有升高 ,可还原的晶格氧量增加 ;催化剂表面与丙烷的相互作用增强 ;丙烷转化率升高而丙烯选择性降低 ,丙烯醛选择性在 5 %VPO/SiO2 催化剂上最高 .这可能是由于随着VPO担载量的增加 ,催化剂表面晶格氧的密度增大所

Preparation and Characterization of Sinter-Resistant RhSm2O3/SiO2 Catalyst and Its Performance for Partial Oxidation of Methane to Syngas

以乙酰丙酮铑(Rh(acac)_3)和乙酰丙酮钐(Sm(acac)_3)为前驱体,用浸渍法制备了Rh/SiO_2和Rh-Sm_2O_3/SiO_; 2催化剂。采用原位红外光谱、热重分析、低温N_2吸附、X射线粉末衍射、高分辨透射电子显微镜、H_2-程序升温还原和X射线光电子能谱等实验技术对催; 化剂的制备过程,比表面积和物相以及Rh与Sm_2O_3间的相互作用进行了表征,并以甲烷部分氧化制合成气为目标反应对催化剂的稳定性进行了考察。研究; 表明:以Rh(acac)_3和Sm(acac)_3为前驱体采用简单的浸渍法即可制备出Rh平均粒径为2.3; nm且具有良好抗烧结性能的Rh-Sm_2O_3/SiO_2催化剂。在浸渍过程中乙酰丙酮化合物通过与SiO_2表面羟基形成氢键而负载于载体表面。S; m(acac)_3在SiO_2表面的单层负载量(质量分数)约为31%,对应于Sm_2O_3的质量分数约为15%,只要Sm(acac)_3的质量分; 数低于这一阈值,均可保证分解后生成的Sm_2O_3以高分散形式负载于SiO_2上,且不会因高温(800; °C)焙烧而团聚。高分散于SiO_2表面的Sm_2O_3与Rh之间存在强的相互作用,可显著提高Rh的分散度,防止其在高温反应条件下烧结,进而使低; Rh负载量的催化剂表现出良好的甲烷部分氧化制合成气反应活性和稳定性。Rh/SiO2 and Rh-Sm2O3/SiO2 catalysts were synthesized by the conventional impregnation method using rhodium acetylacetonate (Rh(acac)(3)) and samarium acetylacetonate (Sm(acac)(3)) as precursors. The preparation and catalytic properties, as well as the interaction between Rh and Sm2O3, were characterized in detail by in situ infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), N-2 physisorption (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), temperature-programmed reduction (H-2-TPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The performance of the catalysts for the partial oxidation of methane (POM) to syngas was also investigated. The results showed that a sinter-resistant Rh-Sm2O3/SiO2 catalyst with an average Rh particle size of similar to 2.3 nm could be synthesized using the conventional impregnation method with Rh(acac)(3) and Sm(acac)(3) as precursors. The surface silanol groups of SiO2 acted as the centers to interact with M(acac)(3) (M=Rh, Sm) molecules when SiO2 was impregnated in the M(acac)(3) solution, leading to the formation of a hydrogen-bonded M(acac)(3) layer on the SiO2 surface. In this experiment, the monolayer coverage of Sm(acac)(3) on the SiO2 surface was equal to a Sm(acac)(3) loading (mass fraction) of approximately 31%, which in turn corresponded to a Sm2O3 loading of approximately 15%. When a Sm(acac)(3)/SiO2 sample with Sm(acac)(3) loading below 31% was heated in air to approximately 360?, the monolayer Sm(acac)(3) species decomposed into highly dispersed Sm2O3 species on the SiO2 surface, which displayed superior stability against sintering at high temperature. No aggregation of the Sm2O3 species was observed even when the sample was heated to 800 degrees C in air. The strong interaction between the highly dispersed Sm2O3 and Rh plays a key role in increasing the dispersion of Rh species in the catalyst and preventing the Rh species from sintering under high temperature conditions. This factor should also be responsible for the superior activity and stability of the Rh-Sm2O3/SiO2 catalyst with extremely low Rh loading for the catalytic partial oxidation of methane to syngas.国家重点基础研究发展规划项目（2013CB933102）,国家自然科学基金（21473144,21373168）,国家基础科学人才培养基金项目（J1310024）及教育部创新研究团队项目（IRT_14R31）资

Effect of geniposide on the lipid metabolism and inflammatory injury of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the hamster

目的:观察栀子苷对高脂饮食诱导的金黄地鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病模型脂质代谢、肝组织病理变化及炎症损伤的影响,并与栀子进行比较,以明确栀子抗脂肪肝作用的效应成分。方法:24只雄性金黄地鼠按随机数字表法分为正常组、模型组、栀子组和栀子苷组。实验后观察肝组织病理学变化,并检测肝组织Tg含量、血清Tg、CHO含量及AlT、AST活性。结果:与模型组比较,栀子组、栀子苷组肝Tg含量、血清Tg、CHO含量及AlT、AST活性均显著降低,且栀子苷对AlT、AST活性的降低作用优于栀子。结论:栀子苷与栀子对高脂饮食诱导的地鼠脂肪肝均有显著干预作用,且栀子苷抗炎症损伤作用优于栀子。Objective: To observe geniposide's effect on lipid metabolism,hepatic tissue pathological change and inflammatory injury of golden hamsters with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease( NAFLD),caused by high fat diet.Compare the geniposide's effect with gardenia to make clear the effective components in Gardenia that can resist fatty liver.Methods: 24 male golden hamsters were averagely divided into control group,model group,gardenia group and geniposide group.The experiment was based on building the model,and then observe hamsters 'general condition and pathological change of hepatic tissue,examine the content of hepatic tissue TG,serum TG,CHO and the activity of ALT,AST.Results: In gardenia group and gardenoside group,The content of hepatic tissue TG,serum TG,CHO and the activity of ALT,AST are significantly lower than the model group.Besides,gardenoside can lower the activity of ALT,AST better than gardenia.Conclusion: Both gardenoside and gardenia have notable intervention effects on hamsters' NAFLD caused by HFD and gardenoside have better effects on resisting inflammatory injury than gardenia,which suggested that gardenoside was the primary effective component in resisting NAFLD.国家自然科学基金面上项目(81274155); 厦门市重大科技计划项目(3502Z20100006

Jiangzhi and Hepatoprotective effect of salidroside on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

目的:探讨中药红景天的主要成分红景天苷对高脂饮食诱导的金黄地鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(nASH)的干预作用。方法:18只雄性金黄地鼠随机分成正常组、模型组和红景天苷组,除正常组外,其余两组均给予高脂饮食喂养6周以复制nASH模型;造模第3周起,红景天苷组给予红景天苷药液灌胃4周。6周后处死地鼠,收集标本,检测肝组织甘油三酯(Tg)含量,血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性,对肝组织进行HE染色。结果:红景天苷能明显降低肝组织Tg含量及血清AST活性,改善肝组织脂肪变性的病理状态。结论:红景天苷具有显著的抗nASH病理损伤的药理效应。Objective:To explore the intervening effect of the main components of the rhodiola on the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) for male golden hamsters induced by high-fat diets.Methods:Total 18 male golden hamsters were divided into control group,model group and salidroside group randomly.Male golden hamsters in the model group and salidroside group were fed with high fat diet for 6 weeks to reproduce NAFLD model.After the second week of feeding,male golden hamsters in the salidroside group were given a gavage of salidroside.All male golden hamsters were put to death at the 6 weeks and samples were collected.Hepatic tissue TG contents were detected.Serum AST activities were determined.Hepatic tissues were detected by HE staining.Results:Salidroside decreased hepatic tissue TG contents,serum AST activities and reduced the fatty degeneration in hepatocytes significantly.Conclusion:Salidroside has conspicuous pharmacological effect on the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in male golden hamsters.国家自然科学基金(No.81274155); 厦门市重大科技计划项目(No.3502Z20100006); 横向课题(No.XDHT2011366A)~

MoPO/SiO_2催化剂上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯醛反应机理

考察了丙烷以及丙烷选择氧化反应的有关中间体或其探针分子(如丙烯、烯丙醇、异丙醇和正丙醇)和产物(如丙烯醛、丙酮和丙醛)在MoPO/SiO2催化剂上的反应行为,用以探明该催化剂上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯醛反应的可能路径.结果表明,异丙氧基是MoPO/SiO2催化剂上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯醛反应的主要中间体,异丙氧基脱β-H生成丙烯或脱α-H生成丙酮,而丙烯则经σ-氧烯丙基转化为丙烯醛

TPU/POE共混体系相分离过程的ATR-FTIR研究

探讨了一种新的共混体系热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)/聚乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)共混体系,在相分离过程中衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR),结果发现:对于不相容TPU/POE体系,随着热老化时间的增加,ATR-FT-IR特征峰面积也逐渐增加(温度较低除外),温度较高时则先增加后降低;而PU/POE/POE-g-MA体系,由于加入相容剂,ATR-FTIR特征峰面积则随着热老化时间的增加而逐渐降低

苯丙乳液的共振散射光谱研究

用共振散射方法研究了苯丙乳液的稀释过程及其破乳过程,发现苯丙乳液的共振散射光谱在约381 nm和555 nm处出现2个共振散射峰;并且随着固含量的增加、Ca2+的加入量的减小及pH的增大,苯丙乳液的共振散射强度而增强

Studies on VPO/SiO2 catalyst for selective oxidation of propane

VPO catalyst is one of promising catalysts for selective oxidation of C4H10 and C3H8. The catalysts VPO and VPO/SiO2 with different VPO loading were prepared. Using BET, XRD, LRS, XPS, H-2-TPR and C3H8-TPD techniques, the physicochemical properties of the catalysts, such as structure, reducibility, vanadium oxidation states and V-O bond, as well as the interaction between C3H8 and the catalysts, were comparatively investigated. The catalytic performance of the catalysts in selective oxidation of C3H8 was also tested. VPO/SiO2 had higher specific surface area and reducibility than VPO. In addition, the binding energy of V 2p(3/2) on VPO/SiO2 was higher than that on VPO, which indicated that the coordination environment of V changed and Vdelta+ (4 < delta < 5) might exist on VPO/SiO2. Compared with VPO, the stronger interaction between C3H8 and VPO/SiO2 was observed. The interaction between Si and V occurred on VPO/SiO2, which modified its physicochemical properties and in return changed its catalytic performance. In the case of VPO/SiO2, (VO)(2)P2O7 was the main phase (oxidation state) and highly dispersed on SiO2. With the increase of VPO loading, the reduction temperature of the catalyst and binding energy of V 2p(3/2) changed slightly, and the intensity of V-O bond and the H-2 consumption in TPR increased, indicating that the amount of V-O species increased on the surface. On the other hand, with the increase of VPO loading, the C3H8 conversion increased while the CA Selectivity reduced, and the acrolein selectivity appeared the maximum value on 5% VPO/SiO2 catalyst