翡翠贻贝足蛋白作为生物黏合剂的提取及应用

贻贝黏附蛋白作为一种潜在的环保性生物黏合剂,在医学以及水下应用等方面具有潜在价值。为了研究翡翠贻贝足部黏附蛋白(Pvfp)作为生物黏合剂的黏附特性,利用酸提取法提取Pvfp,并对其进行不同材料表面包被能力分析,以石英晶体微天平(QCM)检测蛋白在金表面的黏附量,分析该蛋白对细胞及组织的黏附能力以及细胞毒性。对不同材料表面包被能力以及QCM分析结果显示,Pvfp具有与Cell-TakTM相似甚至更佳的吸附能力;细胞黏附结果显示,Pvfp具有比Cell-TakTM和PLL(poly-L-lysine)更强的细胞黏附能力;对Hela细胞和293T细胞的毒性分析结果显示,Pvfp没有细胞毒性;组织黏附结果显示,Pvfp可以黏接断裂的小鼠股骨;黏接聚氯乙烯材料和黏接猪的断裂股骨实验结果表明,Pvfp具有比医用生物蛋白胶更强的抗张强度。提示,Pvfp蛋白可能作为有效的细胞和组织黏合剂而广泛应用于生物技术领域,并在临床应用生物黏合剂中具有潜在应用价值

Biochemical characters of forest soils at Wuyishan Mountain.

研究了武夷山自然保护区森林土壤生化特性.结果表明，不同生境土壤呼吸作用、纤维分解作用和硝化作用等3项生化强度有明显差异，先峰岭（常绿阔叶林）＞大竹岚（毛竹林）.同一生境中的不同小生境3项生化强度的差异也很显著，尤其是呼吸作用强度，落叶层＞腐殖层＞土壤层；纤维分解作用强度，腐殖层＞落叶层＞土壤层；硝化作用强度，土壤层＞落叶层＞腐殖层.无论那一种生境3项生化强度之间，呼吸作用强度与纤维分解作用强度有一定相关性，而硝化作用强度与前两项未显示相关.不同生境土壤蔗糖酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶等活性显著不同，大竹岚＞先峰岭.同一生境中的不同小生境3种酶活性随土壤剖面深度而降低；蔗糖酶是各生境中活性最大酶类，变化较剧；纤维素酶和蛋白酶则活性较小，变化较缓和.Studies on the biochemical characters of forest soils in Wuyishan Mt.Natural Reserve show that the rates of soil respiration, cellular decomposition and nitrification differed obviously with habitats.Soils under broad leaved evergreen forest ( Castanopsis eyrei ) at Xianfengling had higher rates than those under moso bamboo forest ( Phyllostachys heterocyca var. pubescens ) at Dazhulan.The three rates at each habitat also significantly differed with microhabitats: for respiration rate, litter layer>humus layer>soil layer; and for nitrification rate, soil layer>litter layer>humus layer; for cellular decomposition rate, humus layer>litter layer>soil layer.Among the three rates at each hibitat, there existed a definite relationship between respiration rate and cellular decomposition rate, while the nitrification rate was independent of the other two.The activities of sucrase, celluase and proteinase varied with different habitats, which were higher at Dazhulan than at Xianfengling, and decreased with increasing soil depth.Among the three enzymes, sucrase had the highest activity at all microhabitats, and the variation of its activity was greater.福建省自然科学基金;武夷山自然保护区管理局资助项

补肾健脾方影响高脂肪饮食骨质疏松模型大鼠脂代谢及瘦素的变化

背景:绝经也可导致体内瘦组织与脂肪成分的改变,现阶段发现骨质疏松在肥胖的老年人中的发生率要大于非肥胖者,由此推断瘦素可能是骨质疏松症发病机制中的一个重要调节因素。目的:探讨补肾健脾方对高脂肪饮食骨质疏松大鼠脂代谢及瘦素的影响。方法:将6月龄SPF级雌性SD大鼠220只随机分成模型组170只和假手术组50只。模型组行双侧卵巢结扎切除术,假手术组除未行卵巢结扎切除外,其余步骤同模型组。手术后12周,模型鉴定成功后,手术组随机分成正常饮食模型组、高脂饮食模型组、高脂饮食健骨颗粒组和高脂饮食辛伐他丁组各40只。各组于术后第13周开始给药,健骨颗粒组给予健骨颗粒2 g/(kg·d),生理盐水2 mL溶解后灌胃,辛伐他丁组给予辛伐他丁100μg/(kg·d)灌胃,假手术组和正常饮食模型组以2 mL生理盐水灌胃,1次/d。于用药2,6,12,24周后测体质量,取血清、腰椎和股骨近端备用。双能X射线测定右侧胫骨骨密度,ELISA法测定血清骨钙素、血清抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRACT-5b)、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、瘦素、瘦素受体的水平,q PCR法测定大鼠骨组织瘦素、瘦素受体m RNA表达。结果与结论:①高脂饮食健骨颗粒组大鼠的体质量高于同期正常饮食模型组和高脂饮食模型组,但低于假手术组和高脂饮食辛伐他汀组,同时表达的瘦素、瘦素受体、骨钙素水平均高于正常饮食模型组和高脂饮食模型组,TRACT-5b、胆固醇、三酰甘油的浓度均低于正常饮食模型组和高脂饮食模型组,各组比较差异均有显著性意义(P <0.05);②结果表明,补肾健脾方可以调整大鼠脂代谢紊乱、降低血液黏滞度、改善血管壁结构的同时还能通过上调大鼠血清和骨组织中瘦素、瘦素受体的表达,改善大鼠骨代谢水平,防治原发性骨质疏松症。福建省自然科学基金(2017J01332),项目负责人:林煜;;福州市卫生系统科技项目(2017-S-wq15),项目负责人:李平~

Surface Water Hydrology Simulation of Jiulong River Basin Based on GIS and DEM

　　运用 GIS软件 ARC/INFO、ArcView,以九龙江流域为例,探讨了数字高程模型(DEM)的处理及其水文模拟分析。对九龙江流域分幅数字高程模型(DEM)进行图幅拼接、网格重分及切割等处理分析,生成九龙江流域数字高程模型。基于DEM和GIS进行流域的水文模拟分析,包括洼地填充、水流方向计算、水流累积量计算、水网提取,最后进行了九龙江全流域及子流域界线的划分,生成了数字流域。The treatment and hydrology simulation analysis of digital elevation model (DEM) are discussed using ARC/INFO and ArcView of GIS software with an example of the Jiulong River Basin. The digital elevation model of the Jiulong River Basin is generated through map mosaic, grid re-division, and separation of all the DEM maps of the Jiulong River Basin. The hydrological simulation is conducted based on DEM and GIS, for the major processes of lowland water infilling, calculation of water flow direction and water flow accumulation, and water network layout. Finally the digital basin is generated through separations of the whole basin and the sub-basins of the Jiulong Basin.福建省重大科技项目(编号:2002H009)

Detection of incoherent broadband terahertz light using antenna-coupled high-electron-mobility field-effect transistors

The sensitivity of direct terahertz detectors based on self-mixing of terahertz electromagnetic wave in field-effect transistors is being improved with noise-equivalent power close to that of Schottky-barrier-diode detectors. Here we report such detectors based on AlGaN/GaN two-dimensional electron gas at 77~K are able to sense broadband and incoherent terahertz radiation. The measured photocurrent as a function of the gate voltage agrees well with the self-mixing model and the spectral response is mainly determined by the antenna. A Fourier-transform spectrometer equipped with detectors designed for 340, 650 and 900~GHz bands allows for terahertz spectroscopy in a frequency range from 0.1 to 2.0~THz. The 900~GHz detector at 77~K offers an optical sensitivity about $1~\mathrm{pW/\sqrt{Hz}}$ being comparable to a commercial silicon bolometer at 4.2~K. By further improving the sensitivity, room-temperature detectors would find applications in active/passive terahertz imaging and terahertz spectroscopy.Comment: 4.5 pages, 5 figure

Effects of the Xitongxiao prescription on apoptosis and proliferation of chondrocytes in knee

目的：探讨膝痛消方对促进软骨细胞增殖和抑制IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞凋亡的作用。方法：体外培养膝关节软骨细胞，用阿利新蓝染色方法检测软骨细胞蛋白多糖，用Ⅱ型胶原免疫荧光染色检测软骨细胞Ⅱ型胶原的表达，以鉴定软骨细胞；用MTS检测软骨细胞的增殖；用IL-1β诱导软骨细胞凋亡，AnnexinV/PI双染检测细胞凋亡。结果：膝关节剥离得到的细胞形态为多角形或梭形，阿利新蓝与Ⅱ型胶原免疫荧光染色均呈阳性，证明分离培养的细胞为软骨细胞。MTS实验结果发现膝痛消方提取物处理软骨细胞后检测到的OD值随浓度增加而增加且显著高于对照组。此外，IL-1β处理诱导软骨细胞凋亡，而膝痛消方提取物能够有效地抑制IL-1β引起的细胞凋亡。结论：膝痛消方能促进软骨细胞的增殖，抑制IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞的凋亡。以上发现为膝痛消方临床上治疗膝关节骨性关节炎提供药理作用依据。Objective:To investigate the effects of the Xitongxiao prescription on the cell proliferation and the inhibition of IL-1β-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes.Methods:To identify chondrocytes,the articular chondrocytes were cultured in vitro;staining with alcian blue was used to detect the protein polysaccharide,and staining with collagen immunofluorescence was used to examine the expression of type II collagen in chondrocytes.The proliferation of chondrocytes was determined by MTS.Apoptosis of chondrocytes was induced by IL-1β,and the effect of apoptosis was tested by Annexin V/PI double staining.Results:The morphology of the cells obtained from the knee joint was polygonal or fusiform.The tested results of Alcian blue and collagen immunofluorescence staining were positive.These together certified that the isolated cells were knee chondrocytes.MTS assay results showed that the detected OD values were dosedependently increased and they were significantly higher than those of the control group.In addition,the apoptosis of chondrocytes was induced by IL-1βtreatment.While the extract of the Xitongxiao prescription could effectively inhibit the IL-1β-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes.Conclusion:The Xitongxiao prescription could promote the proliferation of chondrocytes and inhibit the apoptosis of chondrocytes induced by IL-1β.The above findings may provide one of pharmacological mechanisms of the Xitongxiao for clinical treatment of knee osteoarthritis.厦门市科技计划项目(3502z20144031);福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目(2015J01065)

厚壳贻贝粘附蛋白十肽重复序列的表达及功能分析

利用PCR扩增Mcfp-1(M.coruscus foot protein-1)基因的12个十肽重复序列粘附功能片段(Mcfp-11～12)并连接到pGEX-4T1表达载体中,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达.纯化的多肽产物经凝血酶处理切除GST标签,获得Mcfp-11～12功能肽段,最后用酪氨酸酶对该产物进行修饰.通过材料表面包被、石英晶体微天平(QCM,quartz crystalmicro balance)分析、细胞粘附和细胞毒性等实验,研究了该表达产物作为生物粘合剂的粘附特性.结果显示,重组表达产物Mcfp-11～12在多种材料表面的包被能力与Cell-TakTM(天然提取的贻贝粘附蛋白混合物)相当,甚至更佳;对细胞的粘附能力与Cell-TakTM相当;用HeLa细胞和293T细胞进行的MTT实验未发现细胞毒性.上述结果表明,Mcfp-11～12作为生物医用粘合剂具有潜在应用价值;同时,基因重组技术可以为制备新型海洋贻贝粘附蛋白防水生物粘合剂提供有效的手段.本研究为临床使用更优质的生物医用粘合剂提供了理论依据

Food source and feeding habit of Helice tientsinensis from the common reed vegetation in high marsh of Yellow River Delta,China

Investigating the composition of food sources with stable isotope method can provide direct evidence for the top-down control in the coastal wetland.In this study,we examined food source and feeding habit of Helice tientsinensis of common reed (Phragmites australis) vegetation in high marsh of Yellow River Delta.The results showed that the density of crab was (5.5 1.5) ind&middot;m~(-2),with the behavior of climbing P.australis to feed on the leaves at night.Under the same indoor experimental condition,H.tientsinensis showed feeding preference on fresh leaves of P.australis.The stable isotope food source analysis showed that the leaves of P.australis were one of the important food sources of H.tientsinensis in the field.There were temporal variations in the proportion of fresh leaves [May:(6.44.9) %,July:(5.84.9) %,September:(12.58.8) %] and dead leaves [May:(12.47.8) %,July:(15.59.9) %,September:(15.19.4) %].Therefore,H.tientsinensis could inhibit P.australis&#39;s growth and affect litter decomposition through feeding disturbance behavior.</p

Structure and Function of Marine Mussel Adhesive Proteins

海洋贻贝粘附蛋白具有高强度、高韧性和防水性,以及极强的黏附基体的功能,这与其特殊的分子结构、多巴(DOPA)介导的链间交联和与底材之间的相互作用方式有关,并且,它还具有很好的生物相容性和可降解性,是一类极具优势和潜力的生物胶黏剂.本文主要就粘附蛋白分子的结构和功能、粘附蛋白的粘附机理以及有关粘附蛋白生物粘剂等问题对其进行综述.The characteristics of marine mussel adhesive proteins,such as strong intensity, tenacity,moisture-resistance and strong adhesive ability,are due to their peculiarity of molecular structure, cross-linking of bonds and the interaction between proteins and substratum mediated by DOPA. Furthermore, they are biocompatible and biodegradable. Therefore, marine mussel adhesive proteins may be a preponderant and potential bio-adhesive. This review mainly focused on structure and function of adhesive protein molecule, adhesive mechanism of adhesive protein, and the potential of adhesive protein to be bio-adhesive.福建省青年科技人才创新项目(No.2004J022);; 国家自然科学基金(No.30600147)资助~