Energy Saving Route Finding Mechanism in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

提出了水声传感网中能量有效的路由方案.结合水声信道的特点对水下传感网中的能耗因素进行分析,得出给定源宿节点之间的距离时路径消耗总能量与中继节点数的关系.对定向扩散协议进行改进,在初始化阶段根据汇聚节点和邻居节点的地理信息,求出源节点到目的节点的理想的最优能量路径.仿真结果证明,该方案能减少洪泛,只需选择1条较优路径,有效地节省了能量.An energy-efficient routing scheme is presented for underwater acoustic sensor networks(UW-ASN).Firstly,the factors affecting energy consumption in UW-ASN are analyzed in light of underwater channels,the relationship between numbers of relay nodes and energy consumption is obtained for given source-destination distance.The directed diffusion routing scheme is modified in the initial diffusion phase to find the optimal route based on the geographic information between a sink node and its neighboring nodes.Simulation shows that the proposed scheme can reduce the flooding cost,select an energy-efficient route,and save more energy.国家自然科学基金项目(60672046);集美大学优秀青年骨干教师基金项目(2008B002

The Current Situation and Protection Measures of Amphibians and Reptiles Diversity of Huaihe River basin in Anhui

经过调查统计,发现淮河流域(安徽段)现有两栖动物11种,其中古北界2种,东洋界5种,广布种4种;爬行动物23种,属于古北界4种,东洋界13种,广布种6种。区系特点明显,属于古北界向东洋界的过渡区,东洋界和广布种种类分布相对丰富。相似系数分析表明沱湖和女山湖相似系数最高,说明其生境和其他两个保护区相比更为优越。此研究有助于了解该地区两栖爬行动物的多样性现状,为进一步加强资源的保护和可持续利用提供参考。The amphibians and reptiles diversity of Huaihe River basin in Anhui has been investigated and studied.The result indicates that 11 amphibian species have been found,2 of them are pale arctic realm,5 oriental species and 4 widespread species.23 reptile species have been found,4 of them are pale arctic realm,13 oriental species and 6 widespread species.The fauna feature was obvious.The pale arctic species are seldom,the oriental species and the widespread species are rich.Analysis indicates that the similar coefficient of Tuohu and Nvsanhu are the highest.The conclusion is that the diversity of amphibians and reptiles in this area can be illustrated;the environment and wildlife resources can be utilized reasonably after more protection.安徽科技学院重点学科建设基金项目(YZD2004-19)资

同期颈动脉内膜剥除及冠脉搭桥联合手术

【目的】探讨以颈动脉内膜剥除及冠状动脉搭桥联合手术同期治疗冠状动脉狭窄合并颈动脉狭窄的疗效,手术适应症及手术原 则。【方法】自 1999 年3 月至 2001 年 12 月期间,共有 5例患者接受了联合手术,其中男性 3 例,女性 2例,年龄为 65 ～ 71 岁(平均 68. 8 岁)。 冠状动脉造影显示 5 例患者均有严重的冠状动脉3 支血管病变, 3 例合并有50%以上的左主干狭窄。颈动脉造影显示4 例为70%以上的颈内 动脉狭窄, 1 例为 99% 的颈总动脉狭窄。手术在同期全身麻醉下进行,先完成颈动脉内膜剥除,再施行冠状动脉搭桥术。【结果】无 1 例手术 死亡,术后未发现脑部并发症。随访 1～ 17 个月,平均 14. 4 个月,有 1 例患者手术后 40天死于消化道大出血, 4 例恢复良好,生活质量明显提 高。【结论】颈动脉内膜剥除及冠状动脉搭桥联合手术方法简便易行,经济安全,可减少脑部并发症,免除病人再次手术的痛苦,是一种有效的 治疗方法,手术在同期麻醉下进行,在施行冠状动脉搭桥之前先完成颈动脉内膜剥除术。对有易发因素的患者,应做术前颈动脉筛选

PURIFICATION of P49 ANTIGEN GENE PRODUCT of TRICHINELLA SPIRALLS EXPRESSED IN ESCHERICHIA COLI

目的建立旋毛虫P49抗原基因原校表达产物的纯化方法。方法菌体经冻融、超声破菌及提取包涵体后，用离子交换和凝胶过滤层析纯化蛋白质。结果纯化后的融合蛋白P49/gST经SdS-PAgE电冰鉴定达电泳纯。双抗体夹心ElISA法检测结果表明纯化的P49/gST融合蛋白能与旋毛虫感染的鼠血清和纯化融合蛋白免疫的兔血清反应，而不与正常民和兔血清反应。结论纯化后的融合蛋白P49/gST具有较高的纯度及较强的免疫活性，可望作为旅毛虫病的免疫诊断抗原。Aim To establish a purification procedure for p49 antigen gene product of Trichinella spiralis expressed inEschedchia coli.Methods After centrifugation of the bacterial culture, the bacterial pellet was resuspended and lysed byfreezing-thawing treatment and ultrasonication.Ion exchanged and gel filtration chromatography were used to purify the fu-sion protein p49/GST from the inclusion bodies- Re8ultS The purity of the fusion protein p49/GST was verified using SDS-PAGE.The purified p49/GST protein could react with mouse antisera against Tricinella sPiralis and rabbit antisera againstpurified p49/GST protein, but not with normal mouse and rabbit sera by sandwich EL1SA.Concluslon The purified fusionprotein p49/GST with high purity and good immune activity could be used for the immune aasay of trichinellosis.福建省重点（农医）项目!95－Z－15

Transcription of turbot Scophthalmus maximus Mx gene induced by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid given in different ways

以POlyI∶C(又称聚肌胞)为诱导剂,分别通过腹腔注射、浸泡和投喂3种途径诱导大菱鲆SCOPHTHAlMuS MAXIMuS体内抗病毒蛋白MX基因的转录,利用半定量rT-PCr方法检测干扰素下游基因-MX基因的转录水平来确定该诱导剂的诱导效果。结果显示,以上3种途径都能高效诱导MX蛋白MrnA的转录,均在48H之后达到高峰,其中以浸泡的方式更容易诱导MX基因转录,且在120H时仍保持较高水平。MX基因转录的时相变化证明了国产POlyI∶C可以通过多种途径诱导抗病毒蛋白MX的表达,为实际应用中确定用药途径提供了理论依据。另外,实验初步建立了半定量rT-PCr方法,为检测鱼体内干扰素的表达提供了技术方法。Transcription of turbot Mx protein confirmed to be an antivirus factor was induced by PolyI∶C with intraperitoneal injection,immersion and oral administration.Mx mRNA was tested by semi-quantitative RT-PCR to validate the effect of PolyI∶C’s induction.The results illustrated that all the three induction ways could effectively induce the transcription of Mx gene and the peak of Mx mRNA quantity appeared at 48h after PolyI∶C application.The immersion method seemed to be the most effective way to induce Mx mRNA,as Mx mRNA could last more than 120h at a high level.This experiment proved that the homemade PolyI∶C could effectively induce Mx mRNA transcription in different applications,which provided a reference to use PolyI∶C in aquaculture practice.国家863计划(2003AA622070);国家十一五科技支撑计划(2006BAD09A11);行业专项(nyhyzx07-046)共同资

“建筑适应性”主题沙龙

"地域建筑"是当下建筑学界共同尊重的准则,但这一术语的过度使用,也使得其内涵在当代建筑创作中逐渐模糊。本期沙龙主题"建筑适应性",是对"地域建造"这一命题的具体化。"适度"的"适应"是当下应当倡导的地域建筑设计创作原则。"建筑适应性"中的"适应",强调对历史文脉与所处环境的积极回应,研究建筑与环境之间的复杂应答关联;除此,"建筑适应性"还强调对经济、技术、材料的"适度

类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Formic Acid on Pd/Ni Heterostructured Catalyst

通过两步还原法制备了Pd/Ni双金属催化剂.由于金属Pd原子在先行还原的Ni纳米粒子表面的外延生长以及其在Ni表面及Pd表面生长表现出的吉布斯自由能差异，最终导致了异结构Pd/Ni纳米粒子的形成.高分辨电子透射显微镜结果证实了异结构的存在，然而X射线衍射测量表明Pd/Ni纳米粒子具有类似于Pd的面心立方结构.制备的Pd/Ni纳米粒子与同等条件下合成的Pd纳米粒子相比对甲酸氧化呈现了更高的电催化活性，而且电催化稳定性也要明显优于纯Pd纳米粒子，证明Pd/Ni双金属催化剂是可选的直接甲酸燃料电池阳极催化剂.双金属催化剂对甲酸氧化电催化活性和稳定性增强可能是Ni原子的修饰改变了Pd粒子表面配位不饱和原子的电子结构所致.A Pd/Ni bimetallic nanostructured electrocatalyst was fabricated via a two-step reduction route. Owing to an epitaxial growth of Pd atoms on the surface of Ni nanoparticles, heterostructured Pd/Ni nanocomposites were formed and verified by high resolution transmission electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersion X-ray spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction confirmed that the as-prepared Pd/Ni nanocomposites possessed a single face-centered-cubic (fcc) Pd structure, probably due to a weaker diffraction intensity of metallic Ni and/or overlapping by that of Pd. The intrinsic catalytic activity on the Pd/Ni is higher than that on the Pd. Moreover, the durability of formic acid oxidation on the Pd/Ni was much enhanced over the Pd nanoparticles. The change in electronic structure of the surface coordination unsaturated Pd atoms and the possible dissolution of Ni species from the Pd/Ni heterostructure may account for such an improved durability for formic acid oxidation.This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2012CB932800), the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21073219), Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (No. 11DZ1200400) and the Knowledge Innovation Engineering of the CAS (No. 12406, 124091231).This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2012CB932800), the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21073219), Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (No. 11DZ1200400) and the Knowledge Innovation Engineering of the CAS (No. 12406, 124091231).作者联系地址：1. 中国科学院上海高等研究院，上海 201210；2. 中国科学院研究生院，北京 100039Author's Address: 1. Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS, Shanghai 201210, China; 2. Graduate School of the CAS, Beijing 100039, China通讯作者E-mail：[email protected] & [email protected]

Optimization of the ultrasonic wave extraction technology of the phycocyanin from Spirulina（Arthrospira） using response surface analysis

利用超声波破壁技术提取螺旋藻中的藻蓝蛋白,采用响应曲面法对工艺条件进行优化,模型决定系数(R2=99.95%)表明模型的拟合性好,得到的最佳工艺条件为:液料比为21 mL/g,超声波功率为640W,超声时间为14min。此条件下藻蓝蛋白的得率为10.76%,与模型预测值10.77%相近。对超声波提取法、冻融法、恒温浸提法进行比较研究,藻蓝蛋白的得率分别为10.76%、7.89%、6.57%,得知超声波提取法用时短、藻蓝蛋白得率高