Residential Thermal Comfort in Western Agricultural and Pastoral Areas of Inner Mongolia in Shoulder Season

对内蒙古西部农牧区的81户住宅的过渡季和采暖期初的室内外环境参数进行了现场测试,并以主观问卷调查的方式对居民的着装情况和热感觉等做了统计。经过对; 调查测试的结果进行了统计分析,得出内蒙古西部农牧区的的过渡季和采暖期初的热中性温度为15.6 ℃和15.3 ℃,热期望温度为17.9; ℃和18.6 ℃, 80%居民可接受温度下限为13.1 ℃和14.3 ℃, 90%的热可接受温度范围为15.9 ~ 23.3 ℃和17.5 ~; 21.9 ℃。结果表明处于当地气候条件下和穿衣、适应措施的综合影响下,农牧区居民对偏冷环境的适应性较好。The indoor and outdoor environmental parameters of 81 houses in the; western agricultural and pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia in shoulder; season and heating periods were tested.Questionnaire about the clothing; and thermal sensation was sent to residents in the houses.By analyzing; the survey results,it was found that the acceptable neutral temperature; in shoulder season and heating periods is 15.6 ℃ and 15.5; ℃,respectively; the preferred temperature in shoulder season and heating; periods is 17.9 ℃ and 18.6 ℃,respectively; the lowest temperature that; 80% residents can accept in shoulder season and heating periods is 13.1; ℃ and 14.3 ℃, respectively; and the thermal comfort temperature at which; 90% residents feel satisfied in shoulder season and heating periods; ranges from 15.9 ℃ to 23.3 ℃ and from 17.5 ℃ to 21.9 ℃,respectively.The; results show that the residents in agricultural and pastoral areas are; better adaptable to the cold environment because of the combined; influence of local climate,dressing and adaptation measures.国家自然科学基金资助项目; 内蒙古自然科学基金资助项目; 内蒙古自然科学基金资助项目; 内蒙古研究生教育创新计划资助项

结合网格保刚性的多目的地地图布局优化方法

针对当前多目的地地图生成方法存在布局优化和时间复杂度过高的问题,提出了一种基于保刚性变形的多目的地地图自动生成方法.首先用户选择感兴趣的多个目的地,系统自动选择出与用户指定的目的地最相关的道路网信息,生成上下文区域和关注区域的Delaunay三角网格;然后通过对关注区域凸包点的操作来调整道路细节信息的显示比例,并于每一次凸包点调整后在上下文区域的三角网格作保刚性处理,使得该区域的道路拓扑结构尽量保持不变;同时保证该区域路网的细节清晰地显示.在若干OpenStreetMap地图上的实验结果表明,该方法能快速生成多目的地地图,生成的地图在保持输入地图总体拓扑结构的同时,也优化了地图上目的地区域道路的布局;使得用户可以在有限显示空间内能够浏览地图的全局信息和详细的局部地图信息.国家自然科学基金(61772440,61728206);;光电控制技术重点实验室和航空科学基金联合资助(20165168007);;浙江大学CAD&CG国家重点实验室开放课题(A1706

入侵植物互花米草上的蚜虫新纪录:一条蚜及其种群分化

本研究报道了一条蚜Hysteroneura setariae在中国华南地区取食入侵植物互花米草,这是该植物上的首个蚜虫纪录。结合DNA条形码和系统发育分析,探究了互花米草上一条蚜种群的来源,并基于中国华南、印度、巴基斯坦、美国等地区样品的序列数据,分析了一条蚜种群遗传分化格局。结果显示:华南地区互花米草上的一条蚜来自周边其他寄主植物上一条蚜种群的扩散;北美本土一条蚜种群与亚洲地区种群具有一定程度的遗传分化。国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFE0203100);;国家自然科学基金项目(31772504);;福建省杰出青年科学基金项目(2015J06005

Selective Catalytic Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde to Hydrocinnamaldehyde

采用煤质活性炭作载体,分别用HNO3、H2O2和(NH4)2S2O8进行预处理,然后用浸渍法负载PdCl2,在H2流中还原得到Pd/C催化剂,用于肉桂醛(CAL)选择加氢制氢化肉桂醛(HCAL)的反应。考查了Pd负载量,反应温度和压力对加氢反应的影响,优化了反应条件。进一步考查了助剂Fe、Co、Ni[1]对反应的影响。最终,CAL转化率为98%,HCAL选择性为88%。Coal-based activated carbon was pretreated with HNO_3,H_2O_2 and(NH_4)_2S_2O_8 before selected as support.A series of Pd/C catalysts were prepared by means of impregnation and with PdCl_2 as precursor.It was reduced in H_2 stream,and applied to selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde to hydrocinnamaldehyde.Effects of Pd-loading,reaction temperature and pressure were discussed.In addition,promoters of Fe,Co,Ni were introduced to the catalysts.At last proper conditions for the reaction were found,and 88% selectivity to HCAL at 98% conversion of CAL was obtained.国家自然科学基金(No.20203014

Effect of experimental infection with Vibrio alginolyticus on immune parameters of Pseudosciaena crocea

为了解大黄鱼在抗溶藻弧菌感染时免疫功能的变化规律,将160尾健康大黄鱼分为感染组和对照组,通过腹腔分别注射0.2mL浓度为2×107CFU.mL-1的溶藻弧菌和灭菌生理盐水,在注射0,1,3,7,11,15,19d后从两组各取6尾大黄鱼,尾静脉取血,进行外周血的血相、NBT阳性细胞数、血清抗菌活力、抗体效价等免疫学指标的测定。结果显示:在人工感染的初期,感染组大黄鱼外周血的红细胞、白细胞、淋巴细胞和NBT阳性细胞的数量及血清抗菌活力等指标均较对照组有显著提高;在注射后1d外周血粒细胞的数量显著低于对照组;抗体效价在7d开始增加,15d达到峰值,且用间接ELISA和试管凝集两种方法所得结果具有非常高的同步性。结果表明:在感染溶藻弧菌后,大黄鱼能通过红细胞和白细胞增殖、释放抗菌物质、产生特异性抗体等方式提高其对溶藻弧菌的免疫力;在感染的早期阶段非特异性免疫因子起主要作用,在感染后期阶段特异性免疫因子起重要作用;NBT阳性细胞数可以作为细菌感染的指标。To investigate the effect of experimental infection with Vibrio alginolyticus on immune parameters of Pseudosciaena crocea,one hundred and sixty healthy fish were categorized into infected and control groups.Each fish in infected group was injected intraperitoneally with 0.2 mL of bacteria suspension with a concentration of 2×107 CFU·mL-1,while each fish in control group was injected i.p.with 0.2 mL of sterile saline solution. P.crocea in both groups were sacrificed at 0,1,3,7,11,15 and 19 d post-injection to evaluate immune parameters such as haematocyte counting,NBT-positive cells,serum antibacterial activity,and serum antibody titer.The results showed that: experimental infection with V.alginolyticus would increase the numbers of erythrocytes,leucocytes,lymphocytes in peripheral blood as well as peripheral serum antibacterial activity and antibody titer of P.crocea,and reduce peripheral blood granulocytes number significantly,in comparison with those in control group.These results suggested that after infected by V.alginolyticus,P.crocea would enhance its resistance to the invaded bacteria by means such as erythrocyte and leucocyte proliferating,antibacterial substance excreting,antibodies synthesizing;non-specific immune factors including antibacterial substance in peripheral blood played an important role at the initial stages of infection,and then specific immune factors such as antibody played an important role at the later stages;the number of NBT positive cell was a good indicator of bacterial infection.国家“八六三”高新技术发展计划(2002AA639600);; 福建省自然科学基金项目(B0410022);; 福建省青年创新基金项目(2002J037

Studies of the Mg-Al and Cation-Incorporated Hydrotalcites

研究了掺杂阳离子水滑石的制备及阳离子对水滑石性质的影响.分别制备了掺杂Zn2+、Ni2+、Fe3+型的水滑石,考察了掺杂阳离子对水滑石晶相结构、层间距、层间阴离子含量、水滑石表面形态、水滑石碱性的影响,结果表明,由于阳离子的引入,导致水滑石层间距减小及层间阴离子结合量降低,且使水滑石培烧产物电负性提高,并最终降低其碱性.以上述水滑石培烧产物作为固体碱催化剂促进苯甲醛和丙醛缩合,合成α-甲基肉桂醛,关联了水滑石培烧产物碱性与反应活性的关系.Mg-Al and cation-incorporated(containing Zn2+?Ni2+?Fe3+) hydrotalcites were synthesized and characterized. A detailed comparative analysis of structure and composition was made. Different cations influenced strongly textural parameters of hydrotalcites and the basicity of the obtained Mg-Al oxides after calcinations. With the cation incorporation, the distance of the brucite and the mount of CO2-3 as the compensating anion changed. Meanwhile the CO2-TPD was used to determine the basicity of the samples. The results showed that the basicity of the calcined hydrotalcites reduced. Finally, the activated hydrotalcite catalysts may efficiently replace homogeneous catalysts in Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction of the benzaldehyde and propanal. And it was noteworthy that the calcined cation-type(containing Zn2+?Fe3+) hydrotalcites as catalysts did not show significant activity, in agreement with their low basicity.国家自然科学基金(20203014)资助项

Y型聚乙二醇干扰素琢-2b注射液治疗HCV基因2/3型慢性丙型肝炎患者疗效和安全性的多中心随机对照试验研究

目的以标准剂量的聚乙二醇干扰素(Peg IFN)α-2a联合利巴韦林作为阳性对照,评价新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b注射液联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型慢性丙型肝炎(CHC)患者的疗效和安全性。方法采用多中心、随机开放、阳性药对照的Ⅲ期临床试验,筛选符合要求的2型/3型CHC患者,按照2:1的比例随机分配到Y型Peg IFNα-2b组和Peg IFNα-2a组,同时口服利巴韦林,疗程24 w,停药随访24 w。采用Abbott Real Time HCV Genotype II检测HCV基因型,采用Cobas Taq Man实时定量PCR法检测血清HCV RNA水平。详细记录不良事件。主要疗效指标为持续病毒学应答(SVR),并进行非劣效检验。结果本试验实际入组2型/3型CHC患者255例,实际治疗241例。全分析集(FAS)数据显示,158例试验组和83例对照组患者SVR分别为85.4%(95%CI 79.94%~90.94%)和79.5%(95%CI 70.84%~88.20%,P=0.2402);对符合方案分析集(PPS)人群分析显示,试验组和对照组患者SVR分别为87.9%(95%CI 82.45%~93.27%)和85.9%(95%CI 77.82%~94.01%,P=0.7060),率差的95%可置信区间均符合非劣效标准;对PPS人群分析显示,85.8%受试者获得了早期病毒学应答(RVR),RVR的阳性预测值为90.1%;试验组和对照组不良事件发生率相似,分别为95.6%和95.2%,严重不良事件发生率分别为3.8%和3.6%。结论应用Peg IFNα联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型CHC患者,新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b具有与对照药物Peg IFNα-2a相似的疗效和安全性。国家科技部“十二五”重大专项(编号:2012ZX10002-003)；“重大新药创制”十二五科技重大专项(编号:2012ZX09303019)

CDK5-dependent BAG3 degradation modulates synaptic protein turnover

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是严重威胁人类健康的重大神经系统疾病，AD的发生发展与衰老密切相关，目前临床治疗方法十分有限。因此迫切需要从AD致病早期入手，发现和鉴定导致AD神经功能紊乱的机制和靶点，为AD的早期防治提供基础。张杰教授及其团队从高通量磷酸化蛋白质组学入手，系统研究了CDK5在神经细胞中的磷酸化底物，鉴定出了在蛋白质量控制中发挥重要功能的BAG3蛋白是CDK5的全新底物。课题组从磷酸化蛋白质组学入手，发现和阐明了细胞周期蛋白激酶5（CDK5）通过调控BAG3在维持突触蛋白水平调控中的作用机制，及其在阿尔茨海默病（AD）发生发展中的机理。 该研究是多个团队历时8年合作完成的，香港中文大学的周熙文教授、美国匹兹堡大学的Karl Herrup教授、美国Sanford-Burnham研究所的许华曦教授、美国梅奥医学中心的卜国军教授，厦门大学医学院的文磊教授、张云武教授、赵颖俊教授、薛茂强教授，军事医学科学院的袁增强教授等都参与了该工作。 厦门大学医学院2012级博士生周杰超等为文章的第一作者，张杰教授为通讯作者。Background Synaptic protein dyshomeostasis and functional loss is an early invariant feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), yet the unifying etiological pathway remains largely unknown. Knowing that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) plays critical roles in synaptic formation and degeneration, its phosphorylation targets were re-examined in search for candidates with direct global impacts on synaptic protein dynamics, and the associated regulatory network was also analyzed. Methods Quantitative phospho-proteomics and bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify top-ranked candidates. A series of biochemical assays were used to investigate the associated regulatory signaling networks. Histological, electrochemical and behavioral assays were performed in conditional knockout, shRNA-mediated knockdown and AD-related mice models to evaluate its relevance to synaptic homeostasis and functions. Results Among candidates with known implications in synaptic modulations, BCL2-associated athanogene-3 (BAG3) ranked the highest. CDK5-mediated phosphorylation on Ser297/Ser291 (Mouse/Human) destabilized BAG3. Loss of BAG3 unleashed the selective protein degradative function of the HSP70 machinery. In neurons, this resulted in enhanced degradation of a number of glutamatergic synaptic proteins. Conditional neuronal knockout of Bag3 in vivo led to impairment of learning and memory functions. In human AD and related-mouse models, aberrant CDK5-mediated loss of BAG3 yielded similar effects on synaptic homeostasis. Detrimental effects of BAG3 loss on learning and memory functions were confirmed in these mice, and such were reversed by ectopic BAG3 re-expression. Conclusions Our results highlight that neuronal CDK5-BAG3-HSP70 signaling axis plays a critical role in modulating synaptic homeostasis. Dysregulation of the signaling pathway directly contributes to synaptic dysfunction and AD pathogenesis.This work was supported by the National Science Foundation in China (Grant: 31571055, 81522016, 81271421 to J.Z.; 81801337 to L.L; 81774377 and 81373999 to L.W.); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China-Xiamen University (Grant: 20720150062, 20720180049 and 20720160075 to J.Z.); Fundamental Research Funds for Fujian Province University Leading Talents (Grant JAT170003 to L.L); Hong Kong Research Grants Council (HKUST12/CRF/13G, GRF660813, GRF16101315, AoE/M-05/12 to K.H.; GRF16103317, GRF16100718 and GRF16100219 to H.-M,C.); Offices of Provost, VPRG and Dean of Science, HKUST (VPRGO12SC02 to K.H.); Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) Improvement on Competitiveness in Hiring New Faculty Funding Scheme (Ref. 133), CUHK Faculty Startup Fund and Alzheimer’s Association Research Fellowship (AARF-17-531566) to H.-M, C. 该研究受到了国家自然科学基金、厦门大学校长基金、福建省卫生教育联合攻关基金等的资助

Studies of the Mg-Al and cation-incorporated hydrotalcites

Mg-Al and cation-incorporated(containing Zn2+Ni2+Fe3+) hydrotalcites were synthesized and characterized. A detailed comparative analysis of structure and composition was made. Different cations influenced strongly textural parameters of hydrotalcites and the basicity of the obtained Mg-Al oxides after calcinations. With the cation incorporation, the distance of the brucite and the mount of CO32- as the compensating anion changed. Meanwhile the CO2-TPD was used to determine the basicity of the samples. The results showed that the basicity of the calcined hydrotalcites reduced. Finally, the activated hydrotalcite catalysts may efficiently replace homogeneous catalysts in Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction of the benzaldehyde and propanal. And it was noteworthy that the calcined cation-type (containing Zn2+, Fe3+) hydrotalcites as catalysts did not show significant activity, in agreement with their low basicity