小脑前下动脉梗死的临床特征及病因探讨(附22例报告)

目的　分析小脑前下动脉 (AICA)梗死的临床表现及 MR改变 ,并探讨 AICA梗死形成的原因。方法　对 2 2例 AICA梗死患者的临床表现、MRI及 MRA进行分析。结果　 AICA梗死的主要累及小脑中脚和 (或 )脑桥外下方 ,其症状体征以眩晕及共济失调为主 ,可合并多组颅神经受累 ,以 对颅神经受累最具特征性。MRA上单纯 AICA梗死单侧者 ,基底动脉 (BA)显示良好 ,双侧 AICA梗死及合并其它小脑梗死者 BA未显影或显示狭窄。结论　 AICA梗死的诊断主要依靠 MRI,MRA对判定病因及预后有重要意义

Effect of the early rehabilitation treatment on the neurologic function in patients with different ischemic stroke TOAST subtypes

目的本研究旨在阐述不同急性卒中治疗Org10172(TrIAl Of Org10172 In ACuTE STrOkE TrEATMEnT,TOAST)分型脑梗死患者早期康复治疗的效果及其对神经功能恢复的影响。方法入选脑梗死患者共361例。按TOAST分型:大动脉粥样硬化型(lVA),心源性栓塞型(CE),小动脉闭塞性卒中和腔隙性梗死型(lACI),其它原因及不明原因型(SOd&Sud)。各亚型患者再分为早期康复治疗组及未干预组,记录患者,治疗1月后及随访6月后的美国国立卫生院卒中神经功能缺损评分量表(nATIOnAl InSTITuTES Of HEAlTH STrOkE SCAlE,nIHSS),bArTHEl IndEX评分及rAnkIn评分。结果入院时,腔隙性梗死型患者bArTHEl IndEX评分明显高于心源性栓塞型患者。发病6个月后,心源性栓塞型和大动脉粥样硬化型患者康复治疗组bArTHEl IndEX评分较未干预组高。结论早期康复治疗可用于脑梗死的治疗,特别是TOAST分型中的心源性栓塞型和大动脉粥样硬化型患者,对远期神经功能的恢复起到良好效果。Objective To clarify the prognostic differences of the early rehabilitation treatment method among different ischemic stroke subtypes.Methods 361 patients with acute ischemic stroke were collected,and were assessed with the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment( TOAST) classification: large- vessel atherothrombotic( LVA),cardioembolic( CE),small- vessel and lacunar infarct( LACI) and Stroke of Other Determined Etiology & Stroke of undetermined cause( SOD&SUD).All the patients were divided into 2 groups: early rehabilitation group and control group.The prognostic factors were assessed by NIHSS,Barthel Index and Rankin at the 1 month and 6 month after rehabilitation treatment.Results On admission,Barthel Index scores of LACI patients were higher than those of CE patients.6 month after cerebral infarction onset,patients in rehabilitation groups of CE and LVA had higher Barthel Index scores than those in control group.Conclusion We should adopt rehabilitation measures in cerebral ischemic stroke,especially for CE and LVA patients,because proper rehabilitation treatment will result in excellent prognosis for long.国家自然科学基金青年项目(81400984); 福建省自然科学基金青年创新项目(2014D009

初诊为抑郁症的老年隐球菌性脑膜炎6例报告

目的:探讨老年隐球菌性脑膜炎发病特点和误诊原因。方法:分析6例初诊为抑郁症的老年隐球菌性脑膜炎患者的临床表现、脑脊液特点、治疗和预后表现,以明确发病特点和误诊原因。结果:6例病例初期均表现为头晕、失眠、食纳减少;后期出现颅内感染相对特异症状:认知障碍5例、头痛3例、肢体无力3例、发热2例。脑脊液隐球菌培养阳性明确诊断,抗真菌治疗有效。6例均好转,但是2例患者遗留明显后遗症:1例患者遗留明显的认知障碍和双下肢活动受限,1例双眼失明,2例确诊时间为2、4周。结论:老年患者患病后临床症状常不典型,当一种疾病不能解释所有症状时,需开拓思路,积极完善相关检查,必要时请相关科室协助诊治,尽量减少误诊。福建省厦门市科技局资助项目(项目编号：3502Z20084019

圣·约翰草提取物片治疗抑郁障碍专家共识

结合循证医学证据,本文归纳圣·约翰草提取物片治疗抑郁障碍的专家共识

Magnetic Resonance Studies on Lithium Intercalation into Carbons

　本文综述了十数年来电子自旋共振(ESR)和7Li核磁共振(7Li-NMR)技术用于锂嵌碳研究的进展.ESR研究发现锂嵌碳材料中存在两种电子自旋.一种来自碳材料中的载流子电子,称为Pauli自旋.从Pauli自旋的ESR强度可推算给定锂嵌碳样品的电子态密度曲线,并进而计算能带模型机理对该样品嵌锂容量的贡献.另一种来自局域化自旋,即Curie自旋,其与嵌锂位置的关系尚不清楚.7Li-NMR测试已发现几个不同的谱峰,其峰位和强度随碳样品性质和嵌锂深度而异.一般认为,45±5×10-6(即ppm,下同)处的NMR谱线源于深度嵌锂(在LixC6中x=0.5～1)石墨化结构中的Li+,属于Knight位移;而明显小于45×10-6的谱峰则可能是来自碳材料中石墨化微结构中低浓度Li+的Knight位移,也可能是于无序微结构中共价结合的Li的化学位移.ESR与7Li-NMR在研究锂嵌碳方面有很强的互补性,联合应用此两技术可望对深入认识锂嵌碳材料的构效关系作出新贡献.The electron spin resonance(ESR) and 7Li_NMR magnetic resonance (7Li_NMR) studies on lithium intercalation into carbons were reviewed based on recently published papers, including those by the authors of this review. Two kinds of electronic spins were found in ESR studies. One corresponds to the charge carrier electrons and is called the Pauli spin. From the ESR intensity of Pauli spins, the curve of the density of electronic states can be deduced for the carbon material studied and, in turn, the contribution of the band model mechanism to the lithium intercalation can be calculated for the given carbon sample. The other is the Curie spin associated with localized spins but its relations with intercalation siteds are not clear at present. 7Li_NMR measurements revealed a number of different signals, their position and intensity depenging on the nature of carbon and the degree of intercalation. It is generally accepted that the NMR peak at 45±5×10-6 corresponds to the Li+ of LixC6(x=0.5～1) in the graphitised structure and this peak shift is the Knight Shift. The NMR peaks with a shift below 45 ×10-6 may correspond to the low concentration Li+ in the graphitised microstructures or the covalently bonded lithium in the disordered microstructures.It is pointed out that ESR and 7Li_NMR are well complementary to one another in the study of lithium intercalation into carbons and combined use of these two techniques will hopefully contribute much to the understanding of the structure_property relationship of lithiated carbons.作者联系地址：武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,武汉大学化学与分子科学学院 湖北武汉430072 ,湖北武汉430072 ,湖北武汉430072 ,湖北武汉430072Author's Address: Colllege of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Chin

Elementary Study on the Geochemical Behaviour of Cu,Pb,Cd in the Jiulong Estuary,Xiamen

于2006年4月采集厦门九龙江河口水样,测定其溶解、颗粒态Cu、Pb、Cd及相关水化学参数的含量.结果表明,厦门九龙江河口区表层海水中溶解态Cu、Pb、Cd的含量范围分别为0.96～2.16、1.02～2.49及0.16～0.44μg/L,平均值分别为1.52、1.60和0.34μg/L;颗粒态Cu、Pb、Cd的含量范围分别为0.26～3.40、0.11～6.00、0.000 4～0.028 0μg/L,平均值分别为1.08、1.61和0.0064μg/L.在垂直变化上,除Cd变化较小外,Cu和Pb浓度随深度增加而逐渐升高,其贡献主要来自底部沉积物再悬浮.九龙江河口溶解和颗粒态Cu、Pb、Cd的平均入海通量分别为6.57、6.91、1.47、4.66、6.96和0.027 kg/d.九龙江河口区表层水体中Cu、Pb、Cd的表观分配系数(Kd)分别为4.09、2.84和0.10 L/kg.3种金属在研究海域的固-液分配机制主要受"颗粒物浓度效应"影响,而Cd在低盐度区受到"盐度效应"的影响.Seawater samples collected from 7 stations of the Jiulong Estuary in April 2006 and analyzed for dissolved and particulate heavy metals including Cu,Pb and Cd.The range of concentrations of dissolved Cu,Pb,Cd were 0.96~2.16,1.02~2.49,0.16~0.44 μg/L,with average values of 1.52,1.60,0.34 μg/L,separately;while that of particulate phases were 0.26~3.40,0.11~6.00,0.000 4~0.028 0 μg/L,with mean values of 1.08,1.61,0.006 4 μg/L,separately.The vertical profile of three metals were also measured and was found that except the less change of Cd,the concentrations of copper and lead increased with depth.The main contributions were thought to be the re-suspended particles from surface sediments.The average flux of dissolved Cu,Pb and Cd from Jiulong River to coastal sea were estimated to be about 6.57,6.91,1.47 kg/d separately,while that of particulate phases were 4.66,6.96,0.027 kg/d,separately.Distribution coefficients(Kd) for metals between particulate(>0.45 μm) and dissolved(Pb>Cd in average.The average Kd of Cu,Pb and Cd were 4.09,2.84,0.105 L/kg,separately.The distribution of dissolved and particulate metals in studied area are mainly affected by the operation of the "Particle Concentration Effect",especially for Pb and Cu when salinity was above 11 ‰,while the inverse linear Kd versus salinity relationship for Cd was found when salinity below 11 ‰,which might be due to the operation of the "Salinity Effect".国家自然科学基金(40306012);; 福建省重点科技项目(2005Y021);; 福建省海洋与渔业局科技项目;; 厦门大学科技创新项目资

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies