Laser interaction with materials and its applications in precision engineering

本文主要介绍了激光与物质的相互作用及其在精密工程中的应用.为了更深入地研究激光与物质的相互作用过程,在了解激光特点与原理的基础上,分析激光与物质; 相互作用的动态过程及其机理,通过对激光合成纳米材料的研究,探索激光加工的具体过程和特点并加以广泛应用.本文通过对4个应用实例的介绍,简述了激光在; 精密工程中的具体应用,包括激光超快直写、激光微阵列印刷、超衍射极限的纳米光学加工以及利用激光加工微纳尺寸杂化结构等技术,展现激光加工技术在当今科; 研与实际应用中的巨大潜力.这些研究如今已经引起了学术界和产业界的高度重视,将会给我们的生活带来巨大的影响.In this paper, laser interaction with materials and its applications in; precision engineering are mainly introduced. To further explore the; physics behind laser interaction with materials, it is of much; significanc et oinvestigat eth emechanism si nth e process. First of; all, it is desired to understand the characteristics and principle of; laser. Laser is generated by stimulated radiation, and has excellent; physical properties, such as high monochromaticity, high brightness,; high directivity and high coherence. Meanwhile, it benefit smuc ht ostud; yth edynami cproces so finteraction san dit smechanisms.Ther e exist; both photo-chemical and photo-thermal processes when laser and materials; interact. Furthermore, developing laser application in nanomaterial; synthesis is also an unique area. It is worth further studying the; design and fabrication of nanostructured materials. Last but not least,; it is interesting to explore the specifi cproces san dcharacteristic so; flaser processing, which play an important role in advanced; manufacturing. In precision engineering, the tool of laser has also been; more applicable considering its great advantages in microprocessing and; nanofabrication. Several case studies are introduced, which have great; potential and high impact applications, such as ultrafast laser direct; writing, laser micro-lens lithography, laser nanofabrication to break; through optical diffraction limit and hybrid micro/nanostructures with; unique functions fabricated by laser. These studies have triggered; intensive research interests due to their great application prospect.国家自然科学基金; 国家重点基础研究发展计划; 温州大学激光加工机器人省重点实验室开放基金;; 中国科学院光电技术研究所微细加工光学技术国家重点实验室开放课题; 福建省科技厅引进重大研发机构资助项

Fauna and distribution of Testacea (Protozoa) from Arctic, Antarctic and Tibet

野生动物多样性是生物多样性监测与保护管理评价的关键指标,因此对野生动物进行长期监测是中国森林生物多样性监测网络(CForBio)等大尺度生物多样性监测研究计划的一个重要组成部分.2011年以来,CForBio网络陆续在多个森林动态监测样地开展以红外相机来监测野生动物多样性.随着我国野生动物红外相机监测网络的初步形成,亟待建立和执行基于红外相机技术的统一监测规范.基于3年来在我国森林动态监测样地红外相机监测的进展情况,以及热带生态评价与监测网络针对陆生脊椎动物(兽类和鸟类)所提出的红外相机监测规范,本文从监测规范和监测注意事项等方面探讨了我国森林野生动物红外相机监测的现状和未来.中文核心期刊要目总览(PKU)中国科技核心期刊(ISTIC)中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)06704-7112

Synthesis of nanoparticles by short pulsed laser ablation and its applications in nonlinear optics

本文主要介绍了纳米颗粒的短脉冲激光制备及其在非线性光学领域的应用。短脉冲激光制备纳米颗粒具有纯度高、操作简单和适用性广等优点,所制备的非线性纳米; 颗粒尺寸分布均匀,粒度小且可调控,在非线性光学材料中有着独特的地位。为了更深入地对此进行研究,本文介绍了纳米颗粒的光学非线性和激光的特点和原理。; 在此基础上,通过阐述短脉冲激光与物质相互作用的机理,说明了激光制备纳米颗粒所具有的优点,详细分析了制备条件对合成纳米颗粒的影响,并结合激光制备不; 同的纳米颗粒,介绍当前激光制备各类纳米颗粒的研究现状。激光制备纳米颗粒是一种操作简便、适用性广,且对环境友好的方法。This paper mainly introduces the fabrication of nanoparticles by short; pulsed laser ablation and its applications in the field of non-linear; optics. With the characteristics of high purity, simple operation and; wide applicability, the non-linear nanoparticles synthesized by short; pulsed laser ablation show controllable size and size distribution,; which has an unique role in non-linear optical materials. In order to; further summarize this research area, this paper first introduces the; optical non-linearity of the nanoparticles and the working principles of; the pulsed lasers. The mechanism of interaction between pulsed laser and; material is described, followed by analyzing the advantages of; as-synthesized nanoparticles. The effects of processing parameters are; also reviewed in detail. The current research status of various laser; ablated nanoparticles is established for preparing different; nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation. Synthesis of nanoparticles by; pulsed laser ablation is significantly considered as an; environmental-friendly and versatile method.国家自然科学基金; 国家重点基础研究发展计划; 国家自然科学基金; 中国科学院光电技术研究所微细加工光学技术国家重点实验室开放课题;; 福建省高端装备制造协同创新中

卷烟机水松纸传动纠偏系统研究

针对卷烟产品中存在卷烟机水松纸长短偏差问题和常规水松纸纠偏装置的不足,分析了水松纸传动偏差产生的原因,研究开发了卷烟机水松纸自动纠偏系统,保证了水松纸进给精确性,有效改善了卷制过程水松纸长短偏差的问题,显著提高了卷烟产品的质量

5-溴粉防己碱合成产物中微量杂质的ESI-MS~n快速鉴定

采用电喷雾串联质谱分析了 5 溴粉防己碱合成产物中的微量杂质成分。通过多级质谱的解析推测出 2个微量杂质可能的分子结构 ,并从中总结出该类化合物的ESI MSn 裂解规

The Existence of Perodic Solutions for a Class of Third-Order p-Laplacian Equations with Delays

利用重合度理论中的延拓定理,研究如下一类三阶P-lAPlACIAn微分方程:(φP((X(T)-CX(T-σ))″))′+f1(X(T))X′(T)+f2(X′(T))X″(T)+g(T,X(T),X(T-τ1(T)),X′(T-τ2(T)))=E(T)的T-周期解问题,得到了上述方程存在T-周期解的若干新结果,所得结论与方程多个变滞量有关.In this paper,using the continuation theorem of coincidence degree,a type of third order p-Laplacian equation with delays(φp((x(t)-cx(t-σ))″))′+f1(x(t))x′(t)+f2(x′(t))x″(t)+g(t,x(t),x(t-τ1(t)),x′(t-τ2(t)))=e(t)is considered.Some new results for T-periodic solutions to such equation are obtained.The conclusions are related to the equation of multiple bariable delays.国家自然科学基金(11071201); 高校博士点专项科研基金(20093401110001)资助项

Super-resolution microscopic effect of microsphere based on the near-field optics

在光学成像领域,由于受到衍射极限的限制,常规成像分辨率在200; nm左右.科学的不断进步对更高分辨率有着迫切需求,如何突破这个极限来获得更高质量的高分辨率图像是热门研究领域.2011年提出了微球超显微技术:在; 原有的光学系统中,将直径几微米至几十微米的透明微球直接置于样品表面,就能够成倍提高传统光学显微镜的成像能力.微球超显微技术以其简单直接的特点,受; 到广泛关注.本文介绍了光学显微镜的研究背景以及国内外团队在微球超分辨显微技术方面的研究进展,包括通过在微球表面进行环刻同心环、中心遮挡和表面涂覆; 的方法来调节微球所产生的光子纳米喷射方面所开展的一系列研究,并进行了理论模拟和实验验证,进一步提升了微球的超分辨显微效应.最后,展望了今后微球超; 分辨显微技术的应用与发展方向.In the field of optical imaging, the conventional imaging resolution is about 200 nm due to the diffraction limit. The higher resolution is urgently needed for further developing scientific research. Therefore, how to break through this limitation to acquire high quality and high resolution image has become a hot research topic. The microspheres with the size of tens of micrometers exhibit the ability to improve the imaging resolution of the conventional optical microscope by locating them directly on the sample surface. Due to its simplicity, the microsphere optical nanoscope technology is widely studied. This paper introduces the research background of the optical microscope and the research progress of microsphere optical nanoscope technology. At the same time, approaches to adjusting the photonic nanojet generated by the microspheres by fabricating concentric ringing, central mask, and surface coating of microspheres are reviewed. The possible reasons for this improved resolution are discussed. The applications and development of the microsphere ultra-microscopic technology in the future are discussed.National Basic Research Program of China [2013CBA01703]; National; Natural Science Foundation of China [61605162]; Natural Science; Foundation of Fujian Province of China [2017J05106]; State Key; Laboratory of Optical Technology for Microfabrication of Institute of; Optics and Electronics the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KFS4];; Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Equipment Manufacturing in; Fujian, Chin

Problems and Proposals on Policy of Converting Cropland Into Forest and Grassland:A Case-based Study

黄土高原生态环境问题对黄土高原和黄河中下游地区经济社会持续发展有重要作用。退耕还林 (草 )是国家和政府治理黄土高原、改善生态环境、提高农民收入的重要举措 ,为此 ,国家和地方开展退耕试点工作 ,制定了一系列政策和措施。这些政策措施的制定和实施关系到退耕工程的开展及其生态、社会效益的发挥。在对陕西省安塞县退耕还林 (草 )调查的基础上 ,通过对比国家、陕西省和安塞县相关政策 ,就其适宜性作以探讨 ,并对若干问题和不足提出建议

基于多/单比特切换机制的LDPC码两级WBF算法

为了提高低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)码的加权比特翻转(WBF)译码算法的译码速度和性能，文章提出了一种具有多/单比特切换机制的两级WBF译码算法。译码首先在第一级解码器中进行多比特翻转译码，当发现循环翻转或最大翻转函数值小于零时，跳到第二级解码器中进行单比特翻转继续译码，从而消除多比特的循环翻转和实现多比特向单比特译码的切换。仿真结果表明，与基于幅度和的加权比特翻转(SMWBF)译码算法以及基于变量节点更新的SMWBF(VSMWBF)译码算法相比，在加性高斯白噪声信道下，文章所提算法获得了平均迭代次数和译码性能的双增益