政策失效原因剖析

人们总是习惯于津津乐道成功的政策，而讳言了无成效或成效甚微的政策，更不注意条分缕析政策失效的原因。其实，现实生活中存在着广泛的政策失效，它不仅留给我们不尽的困惑和失望，更给国家和社会造成巨大的损失。探寻政策失效的原因，从反面吸取教训，发现问题，不仅是..

Bone Proteomic Analysis About Chinese Medicine Action On Rat Ovariectomy Model of Osteoporosis.

目的:用蛋白质组学的方法对绝经后骨质疏松症和中药作用机理进行研究,有利于临床防治该疾病。方法:建立去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症模型,设立中药治疗组及假手术对照组,6周后骨质疏松症模型成功,行骨形态学检查,提取骨组织蛋白质样品,双向电泳分离,得到各组骨组织总蛋白质分子解剖图谱,用图像分析软件,分析各组间差异蛋白质点,MADITOF/MS质谱分析,结合蛋白质生物信息库(Matrix science Ltd database),对各蛋白质初步鉴定。结论:鉴定了3个差异蛋白,分别为P1硫氧还蛋白过氧化酶1(Thioredoxin peroxidase 1),P2为阻凝蛋白轻链肽2(Myosin light polypeptide 2),P3为泛素化酶E2-17KD(ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-17kD)。初步认为这三种蛋白质在绝经后骨质疏松症的发病及中药治疗过程中发挥着重要调控作用。Objective:To study the mechanism about osteoporosis of OVX(ovariectomy) and Chinese Medicine action on osteoporosis in proteomics,it is of benefit to prevent and cure this disease.Methods:Bilateal OVX in rats was performed as osteoporosis model.Rat was randomly divided into three groups:control group,osteoporosis model group and Chinese Medicine therapy group.The pathology of bone was examined after 6 weeks.In the present proteomic study,we characterized the protential effects of OVX and Chinese Medicine on protein expression in rat bones.Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis,mass spectrometry,and Matrix science Ltd database,we elementarily identified three variational proteins.Conclusions:Three proteins were identified as proteins similar to thioredoxin peroxidase 1,Myosin light polypeptide 2 and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-17kD.These proteins have been demonstrated to be postmenopausal proteins.These results can provide valuable experimental evidences for the research for the molecular mechanism of osteoporosis which was response to OVX and Chinese Medicine in bone.国家自然科学基金项目(基金号:30400606); 广东省自然科学基金项目(基金号:04010036);; 广东省科技厅项目(基金号:粤科社字2004,139号);; 广州中医药大学创新基金项目(基金号:K004044

Expression of recombinant hARRG cDNA in E.coli and purification of hARRG protein

目的　构建含重组人类抗砷相关基因 (humanarsenicresistencerelatedgene ,hARRG)的表达载体 ,诱导其在转化菌表达 ,分离纯化表达蛋白 ,研究该蛋白质的理化性质、抗砷功能和免疫活性 ,深入研究人类对砷化物的抵抗作用。方法　将hARRGcDNA开放阅读框亚克隆到原核表达载体Pet11C中 ,用异丙基 - β -D -硫代半乳糖苷 (IPTG)诱导表达蛋白质 ,利用阴离子交换柱Sepharose纯化蛋白质 ,SDS -PAGE胶电泳观察结果。 结果　将hARRGcDNA成功亚克隆到原核表达载体Pet11C中 ,并成功在大肠杆菌中表达 ,表达的hARRG蛋白占菌体蛋白的 5 %左右 ,该蛋白质被分离纯化。结论　原核表达载体Pet11C可以在大肠杆菌中表达hARRGcDNA ,可用阴离子交换柱Sepharose纯化抗砷相关蛋白质Objective To construct expression vector of the recombinant human arsenic resistance related gene (hARRG),induce its expression in DE\-3 and isolate and purify expression product,for studying the physiochemistry characteristic,function and immune activity of the protein,and further researching the arsenic resistant effects of human.Methods hARRG cDNA was subcloned into prokaryotic expression vector Pet11C.The recombinant protein expression was induced by IPTG,then,the protein was purified by anions Ion-exchange column Sepharose and examined by SDS-PAGE gel.Results hARRG cDNA was successfully subcloned into prokaryotic expression vector Pet11C and expressed in E.coli and the protein was purified by anions Ion-exchange column successfully.Conclusion Pet11C excpression vector containing hARRG cDNA wassuccessfully constructed,the cell DE\-3 transformed with expression vector capable of expression the gene and a hARRG protein could be purified by anions Ion-exchange column Sepharose.国家自然科学基金资助项目 (30 0 60 0 74

Bone Proteomic Analysis About Chinese Medicine Action on Rat Glucocorticoid-induced Model of Osteonecrsis.

目的:用蛋白质组学的研究方法进行激素性骨坏死的病理和中药作用机理的研究,有利于临床治激素性骨坏死。方法:按照常用激素性骨坏死的造模方法,建立大鼠坏死模型,并设立中药治疗组及空白对照组,经过6周处理后经骨形态学检查,确定骨坏死造模成功,处死动物取股骨和肱骨,提取骨组织蛋白质样品,双向电泳分离,得到各组骨组织总蛋白质分子解剖图谱,用图像分析软件,找到各组间差异蛋白质点,进一步行胶内酶切,M AD ITOF/M S质谱分析,得到各差异点的蛋白质肽指纹图谱,结合蛋白质生物信息库(M atrix sc ience L td database),对各蛋白质进行初步鉴定。结论:初步鉴定了3个差异蛋白,分别为阻凝蛋白重链ⅡB、磷脂谷胱甘肽过氧分酶及泛素化酶E 2(MW:17 kd),初步认为这三种蛋白质在激素性骨坏死的发病及中药治疗过程中发挥着重要调控作用。Objective:To study the mechanism about glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis and Chinese Medicine action on osteonecrosis in proteomics,it is beneficial to prevention and cure this disease.Methods:Rat was randomly divided into three groups:cortrol group,osteonecrosis model group and Chinese Medicine therapy group.In the present proteomic study ,we characterized the potential effects of glucocorticoids and Chinese Medicine on protein expression in rat bone.Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis,mass spectrometry,and Matrix science Ltd database,we elementarily identified three variational proteins.Conclusion:Three proteins were identified as proteins similar to Myosin heavy chain ⅡB,Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-17kD.These proteins have been documented to be glucocorticoid-relted proteins.These results can provide valuable experimental evidences for the research of the molecular mechanism of osteonecrosis response to glucocorticoids and Chinese Medicine in bone.获得国家自然科学基金资助(30273631,3010244);; 广东省自然科学基金(020778);; 广东省教育厅基金(Z02011

Biodiversity of the ectomycorrhiza on the rare and endangered tree species Tuga chinensis tchekiangensis(Flous) Cheng in Wuyishan Nature Reserve

对武夷山国家级自然保护区残遗与濒危树种南方铁杉植物群落历经了6年的调查,共采集了123种外生菌根,经显微与超显微技术鉴定了84种,这一结果是迄今为止已发表的,在同一树种中菌根类型最多的记录.它不仅证明了武夷山地区的菌物区系由于处于东西相连,南北贯通的位置上,而且从区系成分上据有温热两带俱全的特点,因而形成生物多样性,并从共生菌的角度再度揭示了物种协同进化的规律.Systematic investigation was made on ectomycorrhizae in the woods of a variety of Tsuga chinensis,tchekiangensis(Flous) Cheng,in Wuyishan Nature Reserve in the past six years.During that period,120 ectomycorrhiza samples were collected and 84 types identified by analysing their macro-micro-and ultrastructure.This is the first time that so many types of mycorrhiza in the forests of the species are reported on.This result has proved Wuyishan's geographical position at the cross where a fungi growing area links the east and west,south and north.Thus the region owns the characteristics of both the temperate and the subtropical zone and it is thus such peculiarity whereby its biodiversity is created.Moreover,considering the results of this investigation in the regard of symbiosis between plants and fungi,their co-evolution is ascertained once more.国家自然科学基金资助项目(39770004);; 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(C97003,D0410002

类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家

液相不溶型合金复合组织自形成驱动力的解析

利用Becker提出的计算界面能的方法 ,计算了液相不溶体系中两液相的界面能 ,并基于Gibbs Thomson关系式 ,对整个析出液相和基体液相之间的表面能进行积分 ,得到了在冷却过程中作用在液滴上指向试样中心的力 ,它是半径和温度梯度的函数 .除了上述的作用力外 ,重力和浮力也同时作用在液滴上 .这些力的合力是形成该类型复合组织的主要原因 .该方法应用到Fe Cu合金系 ,进行了计算 ,与实验结果符合得很好.国家自然科学基金(批准号:50271027); 福建省国际合作(2002I018); 福建省自然科学基金(E0310023); 福建省青年创新基金(2002J010)资助项目

HYDROLOGICAL OBSERVATION IN AN EVERGREEN BROAD LEAVED FOREST IN THE WUYI MOUNTAINS

[中文文摘]对武夷山甜槠林成熟林水文学效应的研究结果表明：观测期间，年大气降水量2678.78ｍｍ，林内雨量2182.04ｍｍ，林冠截留量为496.74ｍｍ；林内雨中，穿透雨量2082.08ｍｍ，树干茎流99.96ｍｍ；到达甜槠林地作用面的林内雨量中，被地表枯枝落叶层截留的雨量为159.84ｍｍ，地表径流量11.6ｍｍ，地下渗流量109.32ｍｍ，其余林内雨量形成土壤含水量增量并由地表物理蒸发、根系吸收以及植物蒸腾所消耗；甜槠林地o~20０ｃｍ土层水分初渗率78.6ｍｍ·ｍｉｎ－１，稳渗率１５．５ｍｍ·ｍｉｎ－１，达到稳渗历时４５ｍｉｎ，地表枯枝落叶最大持水量5.2ｍｍ，土壤蓄水量154.0ｍｍ。与国内其它地区不同类型的森林相比较，武夷山甜槠林具有较强的水文学效能。[英文文摘]Hydrological observations were made in a 76 year old Castanopsis eyrei forest of the Wuyi Mountains.The results are as follows:(1)In the study period during 1993～1994,annual gross precipitation,net precipitation (throughfall was 208204mm and stemflow was 9996mm)and interception loss were 267878mm,218204mm and 49674mm respectively.Interception rate was 1845%.(2)Net precipitation,the part of gross precipitation appearing on the forest floor,was redistributed through different routes.The part absorbed by litter layer was an annual amount of 15984mm,and accounting for 733%.The parts as surface runoff and below ground drainage were annual amounts of 116mm and 10932mm respectively,and accounting for0.53% and 5.01%,respectively.The rest was kept in soil and then lost to the atmosphere by means of ground physical evaporation or plant transpiration as absorbed by the roots.Its amount was 190128mm,and accounting for 87.13%.(3) The initial infiltration rate and stable infiltration rate for the soil layer of 0～20cm were 786mm·min-1 and 155mm·min-1 respectively.The time needed to arrive at the stable state was 45min.Water storage capacity of soil was 15041t·hm-2.The maximum water holding capacity of litter layer was 52mm.福建省自然科学基金,武夷山自然保护区管理局资

Driving Current Dependence of Emission Spectra and Spectro-color Characteristics of InGaN Based LEDs

测量了InGaN蓝色发光二极管 (LED)在不同正向电流IF 驱动下的发射光谱、色品坐标、光通量、光效等性质的变化。探讨了它们与IF 的依赖关系。结果表明 ,发射光谱和峰值波长λp 随电流IF 从 5mA～ 2 0mA增加 ,发生蓝移 ,当IF 大于 2 5mA直到 5 0mA后 ,λp 又逐渐红移 ,光谱的半高宽 (FWHM)和色坐标x和y值也发生变化 ,光通量呈亚线性增加 ,而光效下降。解析随IF 增加 ,影响蓝光LED性能的因素是多方面的。此外 ,还发现EL光谱中有弱的紫外光辐射。The emission spectra,chromaticity coordinates,luminous flux and luminous efficacy of the InGaN\|based blue LEDs have been measured.The results indicated that as driving current incredses range from 5mA to 20mA,the spectrum morphologies and the peak wavelength λ p have slightly shifted toward short\|wavelength(blue\|shift) and luminous flux has enhanced due to radiation recombination of the D\|A pairs localized energy state in the InGaN well layer.When continuativly increasing forward current,a slowly red\|shift of the emitting peak wavelength λ p and reduction of the luminous efficiency have been observed due to the temperature dependence of band\|gap energy.On the other hand,the weak UV radiation peak about 358nm of the blue LEDs under a forward current of 20 mA has also been observed