Universally selection-closed families of social choice functions

Ankara : The Department of Economics, Bilkent University, 2009.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2009.Includes bibliographical references leaves 22.In this thesis, we introduce a new notion of consistency for families of social choice functions, called selection-closedness. This concept requires that every member of a family of social choice functions that are to be employed by a society to make its choice from an alternative set it faces, should choose a member of the given family, when it is also employed to choose the social choice function itself in the presence of other rival such functions along with the members of the initial family. We show that a proper subset of neutral social choice functions is universally selection-closed if and only if it is a subset of the set of dictatorial and anti-dictatorial social choice functions. Finally, we introduce a weaker version of selection-closedness and conclude that a “rightextendable scoring correspondence” is strict if and only if the set consisting of its singleton valued refinements is universally weakly selection-closed.Şenocak, TalatM.S

New mixed ligand saccharin complexes with o-phenylenediamine Schiff base and antioxidant investigations

378-385In this study, four new mixed-ligand saccharin complexes with 2-[[(2-Aminophenyl)imino]methyl]-6-methoxy phenol Schiff base and metal saccharinates (nickel, copper, zinc and cadmium) have been prepared and characterized with various methods including elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, QTOF-LC/MS spectroscopy. All methods have confirmed the inclusion of the Schiff base obtained by condensation of o-phenylendiamine and o-vanillin into the metal saccharinates. Besides, DPPH scavenging activities and metal chelating abilities of all complexes have been determined and compared to well-known antioxidant standards (Butylated hydroxyanisole, Butylated hydroxytoluene and α-Tocopherol) along with starting metal saccharinates. According to the results, nickel complex has exhibited the best DPPH scavenging activity, while copper complex has the highest ferrous ion chelating ability

Salter-Harris Type III and Type IV Combined Fracture of the Distal Femoral Epiphysis: A Case Report

Distal femoral physeal fractures are not common but have a high rate of complications. They generally follow one of the patterns described in the Salter-Harris classification. We present a case of combination of Salter-Harris type III and type IV injury. Our case was a 15-year-old boy who had a motor vehicle accident. There was swelling, ecchymosis, severe pain, and valgus deformity, because of medial proximal fracture fragment, on the left knee. We deemed that Salter-Harris type III and type IV combination fracture in our case has not been previously reported. We prepared this paper in consideration of its contribution to the literature

"The letter kills, but the spirit gives life" : the rise of learning in the Franciscan order, 1210-1310

Ankara : The Department of History of Bilkent University, 2001.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Bilkent University, 2001.Includes bibliographical references leaves 261-272.The historiography of medieval Franciscan education has been dominated by two general approaches that appear unjustifiable. The first has been to assume that the Franciscan educational organization was a later copy of the Dominican organization, and therefore to use Dominican evidence to fill in the gaps in the Franciscan picture. The second indefensible approach has been largely to ignore the fact that Franciscan educational organization went through an evolution. The foremost aim of this thesis is to present the story of the rise and institutionalization of learning in the Franciscan Order of the thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries, without taking refuge in the much fuller evidence that exists for the Dominican system, but with an emphasis on the chronological development both of the Franciscan educational system itself and of attitudes to it within the Order. Included in this study are discussions of some controversial topics such as the intention of the founder with regard to education, the position of the Spirituals, and the problems that possession of books and libraries caused. In order to compensate for the absence of Dominican evidence, a wide range of sources has been employed in the research. The resulting picture of the Franciscan involvement in education appears to be quite different from that of the Dominicans in its organization, scope, speed of growth and in the effects on the internal harmony of the Order.Şenocak, NeslihanPh.D

Book acquisition in the medieval Franciscan order

The need to provide the friars with a sound theological formation for preaching and pastoral care forced the Franciscan order to establish a hierarchical network of convent schools in the Middle Ages. This inevitably necessitated the acquisition of books, both individually and institutionally, through the foundation of convent libraries. There were three main ways through which the friars enlarged their book collections: donations and bequests, purchase, and, to a limited extent, book production within the order. The evidence coming from the testamentary records and possession notes on the Franciscan manuscripts, combined with the testimony of the order's statutes, reveals the enthusiasm of the friars to collect and keep books, and the difficulties it prompted

Muhammed B. Vaddah’ın hayatı ve hadisçiliği

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Bu çalışmanın amacı Endülüs'lü alimlerden olan Muhammed b. Vaddâh'ın hayatını ve hadis ilmindeki yerini incelemektir. Endülüs İslam tarihi ve kültürü açısından önemli bir yere sahip olmasına rağmen bu konuda Türkiye'de gerektiği kadar çalışma yapılamamıştır. Bu çalışmanın konusunun Muhammed b. Vaddâh olarak seçilmesi; Endülüs'e hadis alimlerince bilinen manada hadis ilmini getiren ilk kişi olması ve kendi alanında önemli bir konuma sahip olmasından dolayıdır.Çalışmaya öncelikle Endülüs'ün siyasî, sosyal ve ilmî bakımdan genel durumu ile Endülüs'te hadis ilmi hakkında bilgi verilerek başlanmıştır. Daha sonra İbn Vaddâh'ın doğumundan itibaren hayatı, yetiştiği ilmî çevre, hocaları, öğrencileri, tanıtılmıştır. İbn Vaddâh ilgili rivayetlerden kişiliği hakkında çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. İbn Vaddâh, zühd ve takvayı yaşam biçimi olarak seçmiş, İmam Verş'in kıraatini Endülüs'e getirmiştir. İmam Sahnûn'dan el-Müdevvene'yi okuması nedeniyle Endülüs'te Mâlikî mezhebinin ileri gelenlerinden sayılmıştır. Bu yönleri de ele alınarak onun manevî ve ilmî kişiliği hakkında bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Raviler hakkındaki değerlendirmelerine, el-Muvatta'a yaptığı düzeltmelere, rivayetlerine yer verilerek ve eserleri tanıtılarak hadisçilik yönü açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.İbn Vaddâh'ın hayatıyla ilgili bilgiler araştırılırken kaynak olarak rical ve tabakat eserleri kullanılmış, Endülüs'ün ilmî ve siyasî tarihiyle ilgili eserlerden de faydalanılmıştır. Hayatı hakkında eserlerde çok geniş bilgiler bulunmamaktadır. Bunun sebebi erken dönemde yaşamış olması ve o dönemdeki Endülüs tarihiyle ilgili çalışmaların yetersiz olması olarak görünmektedir.Yapılan araştırmalar neticesinde görülmüştür ki; İbn Vaddâh, Endülüs'e hadis ilmini getiren ve kendisinden sonra Endülüs halkının hadis ilmine alaka duymasını sağlayan ilk kişi olması sebebiyle önemli bir şahsiyettir. Kitabu'l- bid'a, başta olmak üzere on bir eserin sahibidir. Bu bakımdan Endülüs'te Hadis ilmi açısından önemli bir konuma sahiptir.Anahtar kelimeler: Endülüs'te Hadis, Kitabu'l-bid'a, İbn Vaddâh.The purpose of this study is that to investigate biography of Muhammed b. Vaddâh, a famous Andalus scholar, and his contribution to the study of prophet?s tradition (Hadith). Andalus has a crucial place in Islam history and culture. However, there has not been sufficient study carried out in this field in Turkey. The main reasons of picking Muhammed b. Vaddâh as a focus area in this study are that he was the first scholar who brought Hadith to Andalus and also he had a crucial role in his field of study.This paper starts with an introduction which gives information about the general political and social situations of Andalus, and science of Hadith in Andalus. Then, İbn Vaddâh?s life starting from his birth, environment of science during the period of his education, his educators, and students are introduced. Some other facts have been discovered about personality of İbn Vaddâh after analysing the resources about him. He chose godliness and Allah-fearing behaviours as a life style and he brought the Kiraat of İmam Verş to Andalus. He studied el-Müdevvene of İmam Sahnûn, so he was to be respected one of the important scholars of Maliki School of Islam in Andalus. By considering his these aspects, the information is given about his moral and scientific personality. His aspect of studying Hadith is tried to be explained by mentioning about his evaluations about Ravi?s, introducing his studies of Hadith and his corrections in el-Muvatta.Rical and Tabakat have been used as sources to investigate biography of İbn Vaddâh in this paper, scientific and political sources of Andalus have also been used. Studies based on his biography does not carry wide range of information about him, the reasons of this are that first, he had lived in early period and second, there are not enough resources about that term of Andalus history.As consequence of the researches conducted, it has been seen that İbn Vaddâh was important person as first Islamic scholar who brought the science of Hadith to Andalus and as inspiring the public of Andalus about Hadith science. He is the author of eleven books by including his most important book Kitabu?l-bid?a. Therefore he has an important role in the study of Prophet?s tradition (Hadith)Key words: Prophet?s tradition (Hadith) in Andalus, Kitabu?l-bid?a, İbn Vaddâh

Epoxidation of cyclooctene and 1,5-cyclooctadiene by sodium perborate oxidation

Sodium perborate oxidizes cyclooctene and 1,5-Cyclooctadiene to form the corresponding epoxides in good yields under mild condition

Post-activation depression of primary afferents reevaluated in humans

Amplitude variation of Hoffmann Reflex (H-reflex) was used as a tool to investigate many neuronal networks. However, H-reflex itself is a subject to intrinsic changes including post-activation depression (P-AD). We aimed to investigate P-AD and its implication on motor control in humans. Upon tibial nerve stimulation in 23 healthy participants, peak-to-peak amplitude change of H-reflex was investigated using surface electromyography (SEMG) of soleus muscle. Variety of stimulus intensities, interstimulus intervals (ISIs), voluntary contraction levels/types and force recording were used to investigate the nature of P-AD. We have shown that P-AD was significantly stronger in the shorter ISIs. The only exception was the ISI of 200 msecs which had a weaker P-AD than some of the longer ISIs. Sudden muscle relaxation, on the other hand, further increased the effectiveness of the ongoing P-AD. Moreover, P-AD displayed its full effect with the first stimulus when there was no muscle contraction and was efficient to reduce the muscle force output by about 30%. These findings provide insight about the variations and mechanism of P-AD and could lead to improvements in diagnostic tools in neurological diseases

A Broader Look At the Development of European Union Social Policy From 1951 to 2009

DergiPark: 326404trakyasobedEuropean Union became as a metaphor with its imposed structural transformation and its created richness for continent countries since its establishment until today. Economical richness is there in the Union’s attraction area which has successful market integration between the member countries. The realization of improvement of the Union’s economical zone lies behind the rigid application of legal regulations. Although taking the social zone with economic zone is a must other attending members have left to second plan, the regulation towards the social zone with the consideration of that would decrease the flexibility of the movement of economic policies. The despite of the fact that social regulations were realized during the process acquits communitarians to social policy are behind the economic zone and deprived power of sanction. In this study the regulations at the social policy in the Union’s structural transformation process it is taken into consideration with the macro and panoramic view.Kuruluşundan günümüze, geçirdiği yapısal dönüşüm ve yarattığı zenginlikler ile kıta ülkeleri için Avrupa Birliği adeta bir metafora dönüşmüştür. Birliğin çekim alanı oluşturmasında en önemli faktör üye ülkeler arasındaki başarılı Pazar bütünleşmesinin beraberinde getirdiği iktisadi zenginlik bulunmaktadır. Birliğin iktisadi alandaki bu ilerlemeyi sağlayabilmesi bu alana yönelik oluşturulan hukuksal düzenlemelerin uygulamada da katı bir şekilde takip edilmesinde yatmaktadır. Başlangıçtan beri sosyal alanın ekonomik alan ile birlikte ele alınması gerektiğine ilişkin görüşler ileri sürülmüş olmasına karşın, sosyal alana yönelik düzenlemelerin ekonomi politikalarının hareket esnekliğini azaltabileceği riskini ileri süren diğer katılımcı üyeler tarafından bu alan ikincil planda bırakılmıştır. Süreç içinde sosyal alana yönelik düzenlemeler gerçekleştirilmesine rağmen, sosyal politikaya ilişkin oluşturulan müktesebat ekonomik alandakilerin oldukça gerisinde ve yaptırım gücünden yoksun olduğu gözlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada da Birlik mekanizmalarının oluşum sürecinden günümüze kadar geçirdiği kurumsal dönüşüm içinde sosyal politika alanında gerçekleştirilen düzenlemeler makro çerçevede panoramik bir bakış ile ele alınmaktadır