Assessment the effect of diabetes education on self-care behaviors and glycemic control in the Turkey Nursing Diabetes Education Evaluating Project (TURNUDEP): a multi-center study

Background: Diabetes education in Turkey is provided by diabetes nurse educators in almost all healthcare organizations. However, the education is not standardized in terms of learning content, duration, and methods. This multi-center study was performed to assess the self-care behaviors and glycemic control following education provided to the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by diabetes nurse educators. Methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study and included 1535 patients admitted to 28 public hospitals for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The education was assessed by using a Patient Identification Form and Self-care Scale. Results: The proportion of individuals who received diabetes education within the last year was 78.5%, with 46.7% of them having received it once. Of the patients, 84.8% reported that they received diabetes education individually. It was found that the proportion of individuals who received education about oral antidiabetics (78.5%) and glucose testing at home (78.5%) was higher than the proportion of individuals who received education about exercise (58.8%) and foot care (61.6%). The status of diabetes education, education intervals, and the correlation of the education method with self-care and glycemic control was evaluated. Self-care and glycemic control levels were better among the patients who received diabetes education thrice or more and in patients who received education both individually and in a group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Approximately three-quarters of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus received education by diabetes nurse educators in Turkey. Diabetes education is positively correlated with self-care and glycemic control levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Efforts for generalization and standardized education for all diabetes patients are necessary. © 2022, The Author(s)

BÖBREK HÜCRELİ KARSİNOMLU HASTALARDA PET/BT&#8217;NİN EVRELEME VE YENİDEN EVRELEMEDEKİ ROLÜNÜN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Çalışmamızda BHK hastalarında primer lezyonun, rekürrenslerinin ve/veya metastazlarının gösterilmesinde 18F-FDG PET/BT&#8217;nin duyarlılık ve özgüllüğünün değerlendirilmesi, 18F-FDG PET/BT bulgularının diğer konvansiyonel görüntüleme yöntemlerine ait bulgular ile karşılaştırılması, tümörün histopatolojik alt tipleri ve dereceleri ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Gazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Nükleer Tıp bölümünde BHK ön tanısı veya tanısı ile 18F-FDG PET/BT incelemesi yapılmış, histopatolojik olarak BHK tanısı almış ve klinik olarak GÜTF hastanesinde takip edilmiş hastalar incelenmiştir. Hastaların PET/BT verilerinden görsel olarak tespit edilen lezyonlarının maksimum SUV (SUVmaks) değerleri elde edilmiştir Ayrıca hastaların rutin histopatolojik değerlendirme sonuçları, rutin yapılan diğer konvansiyonel görüntüleme yöntemleri sonuçları ve klinik bulguları kaydedilmiştir. Çalışmamızda 36 hastanın, toplam 43 18F-FDG PET/BT görüntülemesi değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmamızda primer evrelemesi yapılan 6 olguda primer kitlenin PET/BT ile doğru olarak değerlendirildiğini gözlemledik. Böbrek hücreli karsinom rekürrens ve/veya metastazlarını tespit etmede PET/BT&#8217;nin duyarlılığı %93, özgüllüğü %82, PÖD %94, NÖD %78, DO %91, konvansiyonel görüntüleme yöntemlerinin duyarlılığı %90, özgüllüğü %42, PÖD %85, NÖD %53, DO %79 olarak bulundu. PET/BT&#8217;nin primer böbrek kitlesi değerlendirmedeki başarısı ile BHK rekürrens ve/veya metastazlarını değerlendirmedeki yüksek tanısal performansı PET/BT hibrid sistemi sayesinde anatomik lokalizasyonun da yapılabilmesine ve çalışmamızda olgu sayısının az olmasına bağlı olabilir. Böbrek hücreli karsinom rekürrens ve/veya metastazlarını değerlendirmede PET/BT&#8217;nin tanısal performansında BHK&#8217;nin histopatolojik alt tipleri arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı, ancak Fuhrman derecesi arttıkça PET/BT&#8217;nin tanısal doğruluk değerinde artış olduğu gözlendi. Sonuç olarak BHK hastalarının değerlendirilmesinde PET/BT tek bir incelemede tüm vücudun anatomik ve fonksiyonel/metabolik olarak görüntülenebilmesini, bulguların birbiriyle ilişkilendirilebilmesi sağlayan; böbrek fonksiyonel hasarı ve kontrast allerjisi riski içermeyen, yüksek tanısal performansa sahip bir görüntüleme yöntemidir

Equiatomic quaternary CoXCrAl (X = V, Nb, and Ta) Heusler compounds: Insights from DFT calculations

WOS:000819445300009The half-metallic ferromagnets are likely materials to the spintronics systems for the next generation electronic devices. Among the half-metallic ferromagnetic materials, the equiatomic quaternary Heusler (EQH) compounds get great attention in the recent times. In this study, the EQH CoXCrAl (X = V, Nb, and Ta) compounds are investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The three structural types as type-I, type-II, and type-III, are considered to determine the most stable structural types of CoXCrAl compounds. Furthermore, the three magnetic configurations as paramagnetic (PM), ferromagnetic (FM), and antiferromagnetic (AFM), are studied to find out the most stable magnetic configuration. The type-I FM configuration is the most stable configuration for the CoXCrAl compounds. The calculated electronic band structures reveal that the CoXCrAl compounds are half-metals with metallic behavior in spin-up channel and semiconducting behavior in spin-down channel. Also, the possible d-d hybridizations between the Co, X, and Cr atoms are investigated to show the half-metallic character in detail. Furthermore, the calculated elastic constants satisfy the Born stability criteria, then the CoXCrAl compounds have mechanical stability. Using the determined constants, the mechanical properties are obtained for CoXCrAl compounds. In addition, the dynamical properties are studied and it is found that CoXCrAl compounds are dynamically stable. The structural, magnetic, electronic, mechanic and dynamical properties of CoXCrAl compounds that are the potential candidates for the spintronics applications are presented in this study

Staging in Patients with Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma; PET-CT versus Standard Staging Procedures

Objective: The most important factor for accurate treatment of patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is accuracy of the initial staging. The aim of this study was to determine how often patients, staged as local or local-advanced disease by standard staging procedures (SSPs), would be staged to have a metastatic disease based on the findings of the positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) scan. Methods: Patients with SCLC who were staged as I, II, or III disease by SSPs (according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging, 7th edition) formed the study population. SSPs included computed tomography of chest, abdomen, brain (or magnetic resonance imaging of brain), and bone scintigraphy. These patients were re-staged with 18F-FDG PET-CT scan. Results: Between 2013 and 2015, 27 patients were prospectively studied. Of these patients, 92.5% were male and the median age was 61. Among 27 patients, distant metastasis was detected by PET-CT in 7 (25.9%) patients. Two of 7 patients were determined as stage IIIA by SSPs and 5 of 17 patients that were determined as stage IIIB by SSPs were upstaged to metastatic disease by PET-CT. All of the 7 patients had bone metastasis by PET-CT. But bone metastasis could not be detected with bone scintigraphy. Conclusion: PET-CT detected distant metastasis in one quarter of SCLC stage III patients by SSPs. Patients who staged local-advanced SCLC with CT of the chest have to be assessed by PET-CT for extracranial distant metastasis

BEYİN ÖLÜMÜ KAVRAMI VE DEÜTF ANESTEZİ YOĞUN BAKIM ÜNİTESİNDEKİ OLGULARIN RETROSPEKTİF İNCELENMESİ

Bu çalışmada beyin ölümü kavramı, tarihçesi, klinik kriterleri, tanı testleri açısından değerlendirilmi

The effectiveness of topical 1% lidocaine with systemic oral analgesics for ear pain with acute otitis media

Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common childhood infections. Ear pain, the main symptom of AOM, results in parents frequently seeking medical assistance for their children. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of topical 1% lidocaine ear drops administered with oral analgesics with that of oral analgesics alone. Methods: This multicenter randomized, open-labeled study was conducted at 15 centers with 184 pediatric AOM patients with bilateral ear pain (aged 1–5 years) between May 1, 2016, and June 31, 2018. All patients received oral paracetamol or ibuprofen and topical 1% lidocaine, which was administered to each ear according to the randomization list. The ear pain score was evaluated within 48 h using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) scale, and the patients were followed up for 10 days. Results: The median age was 31.8 months (min–max, 12–84.2 months). Of those patients enrolled, 22.3% received paracetamol, and 24.5% received paracetamol with lidocaine ear drops; 23.4% received ibuprofen, and 29.9% received ibuprofen with lidocaine ear drops. Lower pain scores were significantly measured at baseline and 10th minutes by a reduction 25% (RR 13.64, 95% CI 4.47–41.63, p = 0.001, RR 0.14, 95% CI 0.06–0.35, p = 0.001) and 50% (RR 4.76, 95% CI 1.63–13.87, p = 0.004, RR 0.14, 95% CI 0.05–0.4, p = 0.001) in the paracetamol and lidocaine versus paracetamol groups and the ibuprofen and lidocaine versus ibuprofen groups, respectively. No serious side effects were evident during follow-up. Conclusion: This randomized study suggests that topical 1% lidocaine ear drops with paracetamol or ibuprofen seems to provide effective and rapid relief for children presenting with ear pain attributed to AOM

Antibiotic associated diarrhea in outpatient pediatric antibiotic therapy

Background: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea is one of the most frequent side effects of antimicrobial therapy. We assessed the epidemiological data of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in pediatric patients in our region. Methods: The prospective multi-center study included pediatric patients who were initiated an oral antibiotic course in outpatient clinics and followed in a well-established surveillance system. This follow-up system constituded inclusion of patient by the primary physician, supply of family follow-up charts to the family, passing the demographics and clinical information of patient to the Primary Investigator Centre, and a close telephone follow-up of patients for a period of eight weeks by the Primary Investigator Centre. Results: A result of 758 cases were recruited in the analysis which had a frequency of 10.4% antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Among the cases treated with amoxicillin-clavulanate 10.4%, and cephalosporins 14.4% presented with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. In the analysis of antibiotic-associated diarrhea occurrence according to different geographical regions of Turkey, antibiotic-associated diarrhea episodes differed significantly (p = 0.014), particularly higher in The Eastern Anatolia and Southeastern Anatolia. Though most commonly encountered with cephalosporin use, antibiotic-associated diarrhea is not a frequent side effect. Conclusion: This study on pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea displayed epidemiological data and the differences geographically in our region

SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity among pediatric health care personnel just after the first peak of pandemic: A nationwide surveillance.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic affected every single person on earth one way or the other. The healthcare personnel were no exception, their responsibilities as well as their risks being immense. METHODS: 4927 healthcare personnel all working in pediatric units at 32 hospitals from seven different regions of Turkey enrolled to the study to determine the seroprevalence of SARS Co-V-2 after the first peak wave. Point of care serologic lateral flow rapid test kit for IgM/IgG was used (Ecotest CE Assure Tech. Co. Ltd.). Seroprevalence and its association with demographic characteristics and possible risk factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Nearly 6.1% of healthcare personnel were found to be seropositive for SARS Co-V- 2. Seropositivity was more common among those who did not universally wear protective masks (10.6% vs 6.1%). Having a COVID-19 co-worker increased the likelihood of infection. The least and the most experienced personnel affected more. Most of the seropositive healthcare personnel (68%) did not have any suspicion that they had COVID-19 previously. CONCLUSIONS: Health surveillance for healthcare personnel involving routine point-of-care nucleic acid testing as well as monitoring PPE adherence would be important strategies to protect healthcare personnel from COVID-19 and to reduce nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission