Estudio de factores farmacogenéticos y farmacocinéticos asociados con alteraciones renales en pacientes VIH positivos a tratamiento con tenofovir

Kidney disease has been a recognized complication of HIV infection since the onset of the HIV epidemic, but its epidemiology, underlying causes and management has evolved with the increased availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Besides the involvement of HIV itself as a cause of organ damage, the introduction of HAART and other medications frequently used in this population have been followed by an increasing rate of drug-related renal complications. Kidney toxicity produced by drugs may lead to acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and features of proximal tubular injury. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is currently widely used as an effective first-line therapy, for both HIV and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, due to its excellent properties, combining good potency, tolerability and convenience. Despite demonstration of a relatively good renal safety profile in early prospective trials and postmarketing studies, numerous cohort observational studies and case reports have highlighted cases of renal dysfunction, including the development of Fanconi´s syndrome, in patients treated with TDF. An early sign of tubular dysfunction is hypophosphatemia although other signs and symptoms of kidney tubulopathy include glucosuria with normal serum glucose levels, mild proteinuria, acidosis and hypokalemia. The chronic consequences of significant loss of phosphate, proteins and glucose are currently unknown, but an increased risk of premature osteoporosis and osteomalacia is a worrisome complication. The most frequent risk factors for developing TDF-induced nephrotoxicity include baseline renal dysfunction, low CD4 counts, older age and low body weight. Classic risk factors associated with renal damage in HIV patients such as pre-existing systemic conditions, HIV itself, ARV therapy or use of nephrotoxic agents may also enhance the potential risk of nephrotoxicity associated with TDF. More recently, TFV plasma levels have been associated with the risk of tubular damage and TDF-associated renal proximal tubulopathy has been linked to genetic variants in transporter proteins involved in TFV excretion..

Guía de orientación para el profesorado novel de la Universidad de Extremadura

La guía aporta información fundamental para cualquier profesor de la Universidad de Extremadura (UEx), independientemente de su categoría laboral o departamento. Se estructura en 5 apartados: Funcionamiento básico, Docencia, Formación, Investigación y Otras aportaciones generales. Esta guía se ha basado en las necesidades especificadas a través de 60 entrevistas con profesores noveles pertenecientes a todos los campus de la UEx. Pretende ser una guía que facilite la incorporación del profesor a su puesto de trabajo.The guide provides essential information for any professor of the University of Extremadura (UEx), regardless of their labor category or department. It is structured in 5 sections: Basic Operation, Teaching, Training, Research and other general inputs. This guide has been based on the needs identified through 60 interviews with teachers beginners belonging to all the campuses of the UEx. It intended to be a guide to facilitate the incorporation of professor to his job

Guía de orientación para el profesorado novel de la Universidad de Extremadura

La guía aporta información fundamental para cualquier profesor de la Universidad de Extremadura (UEx), independientemente de su categoría laboral o departamento. Se estructura en 5 apartados: Funcionamiento básico, Docencia, Formación, Investigación y Otras aportaciones generales. Esta guía se ha basado en las necesidades especificadas a través de 60 entrevistas con profesores noveles pertenecientes a todos los campus de la UEx. Pretende ser una guía que facilite la incorporación del profesor a su puesto de trabajo.The guide provides essential information for any professor of the University of Extremadura (UEx), regardless of their labor category or department. It is structured in 5 sections: Basic Operation, Teaching, Training, Research and other general inputs. This guide has been based on the needs identified through 60 interviews with teachers beginners belonging to all the campuses of the UEx. It intended to be a guide to facilitate the incorporation of professor to his job

Clinical effectiveness of routine first-trimester combined screening for pre-eclampsia in Spain with the addition of placental growth factor

Pre-eclampsia affects 2%-8% of pregnancies and is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. First-trimester screening using an algorithm that combines maternal characteristics, mean arterial blood pressure, uterine artery pulsatility index and biomarkers (pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and placental growth factor) is the method that achieves a greater diagnostic accuracy. It has been shown that daily salicylic acid administration before 16 weeks in women at a high risk for pre-eclampsia can reduce the incidence of preterm pre-eclampsia. However, no previous studies have evaluated the impact of routine first-trimester combined screening for pre-eclampsia with placental growth factor after being implemented in the clinical practice. This was a multicenter cohort study conducted in eight different maternities across Spain. Participants in the reference group were prospectively recruited between October 2015 and September 2017. Participants in the study group were retrospectively recruited between March 2019 and May 2021. Pre-eclampsia risk was calculated between 11 +0 and 13 +6 weeks using the Gaussian algorithm combining maternal characteristics, mean arterial pressure, uterine arteries pulsatility index, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and placental growth factor. Patients with a risk greater than 1/170 were prescribed daily salicylic acid 150 mg until 36 weeks. Patients in the reference group did not receive salicylic acid during gestation. A significant reduction was observed in preterm pre-eclampsia (OR 0.47; 95% CI: 0.30-0.73), early-onset (<34 weeks) pre-eclampsia (OR 0.35; 95% CI: 0.16-0.77), preterm small for gestational age newborn (OR 0.57; 95% CI: 0.40-0.82), spontaneous preterm birth (OR 0.72; 95% CI: 0.57-0.90), and admission to intensive care unit (OR 0.55; 95% CI: 0.37-0.81). A greater treatment adherence resulted in a significant reduction in adverse outcomes. Routine first-trimester screening for pre-eclampsia with placental growth factor leads to a reduction in preterm pre-eclampsia and other pregnancy complications. Aspirin treatment compliance has a great impact on the effectiveness of this screening program. Routine first-trimester combined screening for pre-eclampsia in Spain with the addition of placental growth factor resulted in a significant reduction of pre-eclampsia and other pregnancy complications

VACCELERATE Site Network: Real-time definition of clinical study capacity in Europe

Background: The inconsistent European vaccine trial landscape rendered the continent of limited interest for vaccine developers. The VACCELERATE consortium created a network of capable clinical trial sites throughout Europe. VACCELERATE identifies and provides access to state-of-the-art vaccine trial sites to accelerate clinical development of vaccines. Methods: Login details for the VACCELERATE Site Network (vaccelerate.eu/site-network/) questionnaire can be obtained after sending an email to. Interested sites provide basic information, such as contact details, affiliation with infectious disease networks, main area of expertise, previous vaccine trial experience, site infrastructure and preferred vaccine trial settings. In addition, sites can recommend other clinical researchers for registration in the network. If directly requested by a sponsor or sponsor representative, the VACCELERATE Site Network pre-selects vaccine trial sites and shares basic study characteristics provided by the sponsor. Interested sites provide feedback with short surveys and feasibility questionnaires developed by VACCELERATE and are connected with the sponsor to initiate the site selection process. Results: As of April 2023, 481 sites from 39 European countries have registered in the VACCELERATE Site Network. Of these, 137 (28.5 %) sites have previous experience conducting phase I trials, 259 (53.8 %) with phase II, 340 (70.7 %) with phase III, and 205 (42.6 %) with phase IV trials, respectively. Infectious diseases were reported as main area of expertise by 274 sites (57.0 %), followed by any kind of immunosuppression by 141 (29.3 %) sites. Numbers are super additive as sites may report clinical trial experience in several indications. Two hundred and thirty-one (47.0 %) sites have the expertise and capacity to enrol paediatric populations and 391 (79.6 %) adult populations. Since its launch in October 2020, the VACCELERATE Site Network has been used 21 times for academic and industry trials, mostly interventional studies, focusing on different pathogens such as fungi, monkeypox virus, Orthomyxoviridae/influenza viruses, SARS-CoV-2, or Streptococcus pneumoniae/pneumococcus. Conclusions: The VACCELERATE Site Network enables a constantly updated Europe-wide mapping of experienced clinical sites interested in executing vaccine trials. The network is already in use as a rapid-turnaround single contact point for the identification of vaccine trials sites in Europe.The VACCELERATE Site Network has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation pro gramme (grant agreement No 101037867) and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium für Bil dung und Forschung [BMBF]) (grant agreement No BMBF01KX2040).S

Reseñas de Libros

<div>Alfaro Monsalve, Karen et al., Historia sociopolítica del Concepción contemporáneo: memoria, identidad y territorio. Santiago-Concepción, Universidad ARCIS-Ediciones Escaparate, 2006 (Taller de Ciencias Sociales “Luis Vitale”).</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 195-196</div><div><br /></div><div>Jesús María Ramos Pérez</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Carroll, Tim, La Gran Evasión. La verdadera historia de la fuga más famosa de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Barcelona, Puzzle Editorial, 2005, 352 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 197-201</div><div><br /></div><div>Daniel Francisco Álvarez Espinosa</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Cerón Torreblanca, Cristian Matías, “La paz de Franco”, la posguerra en Málaga: desde los oscuros años 40 a los grises años 50. Málaga, Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Málaga, 2007, 408 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 201-203</div><div><br /></div><div>Joaquín Piñeiro Blanca</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Chang, Ha Joon; Grabel, Ilene, Reivindicar el desarrollo. Un manual de política económica alternativa. Barcelona, Intermón Oxfam, 2006, 208 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 203-206</div><div><br /></div><div>Fernando López Castellano</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Del Amo, Mercedes; García Rey, Marcos y Ortega, Rafael (eds.), El 11-M en la prensa árabe. Sevilla, Mergablum, 2004, 136 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 206-208</div><div><br /></div><div>Diego Iturriaga Barco</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Hardt, Michael; Negri, Antonio, Imperio. Barcelona, Paidós, 2002, 432 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 208-213</div><div><br /></div><div>Flavia Pascariello</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Judt, Tony, Postguerra. Una historia de Europa desde 1945. Madrid, Taurus, 2006, 1212 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 213-215</div><div><br /></div><div>David Molina Rabadán</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>López Castillo, Antonio, El republicanismo de centro. El Partido Republicano Radical de Almería durante la Segunda República (1931-1936). Almería, Instituto de Estudios Almerienses, 2006, 229 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 215-217</div><div><br /></div><div>Mónica Fernández Amador</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Marsi, Luca, Estrategias corporativas. Aspectos sociales y consecuencias para la comunidad. Nanterre, Centre de Recherches Ibériques et Ibéro-Américaines, Universidad de Paris X–Nanterre, 2006, 295 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 217-219</div><div><br /></div><div>Alvar De la Llosa</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Morgan Philip, The Fall of Mussolini. Oxford-New York, Oxford University Press, 2007, 263 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 219-220</div><div><br /></div><div>Jan Nelis</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Pisanty Valentina, La difesa della razza. Antologia 1938-1943, con un contributo di Luca Bonafé e una prefazione di Umberto Eco. Milano, Bompiani, 2006, 376 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 220-221</div><div><br /></div><div>Jan Nelis</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Possieri, Andrea, Il peso della Historia. Memoria, identità, rimozione dal PCI al PDS (1970-1991). Bologna, Il Mulino, 300 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 221-223</div><div><br /></div><div>Guadalupe Martínez Fuentes</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Quiroga, Hugo; Tcach, César (comps.), Argentina 1976-2006. Entre la sombra de la dictadura y el futuro de la democracia. Rosario, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-Homo Sapiens, 2006, 269 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 224-229</div><div><br /></div><div>Silvia Elena Dutrénit Bielous</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Rodríguez Jiménez, José Luis, De héroes e indeseables. La División Azul. Madrid, Espasa-Calpe, 2007, 391 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 229-231</div><div><br /></div><div>David Molina Rabadán</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Vázquez García, Francisco, Pierre Bourdieu. La sociología como crítica de la razón. Barcelona, Montesinos, 2002, 252 pp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Páginas 231-234</div><div><br /></div><div>Alejandro Estrella González</div><div><br /></div

II. Pesquerías continentales de Colombia: cuencas del Magdalena-Cauca, Sinú, Canalete, Atrato, Orinoco, Amazonas y vertiente del Pacífico

Con esta nueva publicación, el Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt quiere darle continuidad a la línea de investigación sobre la biodiversidad acuática continental de Colombia, vista desde la perspectiva no solo de su conocimiento básico y conservación, sino de la importancia que tiene esta enorme diversidad de peces en el contexto del uso de los recursos hidrobiológicos y pesqueros, y de su importancia en la seguridad alimentaria e incluso en la economía del país.Bogotá, D. C.Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbold

The Challenges of Vaccine Trial Participation among Underserved and Hard-to-Reach Communities: An Internal Expert Consultation of the VACCELERATE Consortium

: Underserved and hard-to-reach population groups are under-represented in vaccine trials. Thus, we aimed to identify the challenges of vaccine trial participation of these groups in member countries of the VACCELERATE network. Seventeen National Coordinators (NC), each representing their respective country (15 European countries, Israel, and Turkey), completed an online survey. From 15 eligible groups, those that were more frequently declared underserved/hard-to-reach in vaccine research were ethnic minorities (76.5%), persons experiencing homelessness (70.6%), illegal workers and refugees (64.7%, each). When prioritization for education on vaccine trials was considered, ethnic groups, migrants, and immigrants (5/17, 29.4%) were the groups most frequently identified by the NC as top targets. The most prominent barriers in vaccine trial participation affecting all groups were low levels of health literacy, reluctance to participate in trials due to engagement level, and low levels of trust in vaccines/vaccinations. This study highlighted population groups considered underserved/hard-to-reach in countries contained within the European region, and the respective barriers these groups face when participating in clinical studies. Our findings aid with the design of tailored interventions (within-and across-countries of the European region) and with the development of strategies to overcome major barriers in phase 2 and phase 3 vaccine trial participation

La expresión oral y escrita, objetivo fundamental de calidad de la enseñanza

Convocatoria de Proyectos de innovación de Extremadura 2017/2018Se describe un proyecto llevado a cabo en el IES Miguel Durán (Azuaga, Badajoz) desarrollado dentro del Sistema de Gestión de Calidad del centro, que tenía como objetivo principal que los alumnos adquirieran las competencias necesarias para una correcta expresión oral y escrita (mejora de la competencia informacional y las competencias comunicativa e idiomática). Para conseguir el objetivo se organizaron distintas actividades promovidas por el Grupo de Trabajo de la Biblioteca del centro: fomento de la lectura, feria del libro, Día de la poesía, diversas actividades de lectura en la biblioteca, club de lectura con libros digitales, etc., así como la realización de otras actividades y la elaboración de materiales por parte de los distintos departamentos del instituto como: exposiciones de los alumnos ante el aula, lectura en distintos soportes, realización de trabajos de investigación, actividades de enriquecimiento del vocabulario, etc.ExtremaduraES