Gamificación en la enseñanza de la ortografía en los estudiantes del sexto año de educación básica

In this research work we focus on the application of the use of video games as a motivating and playful educational tool during the learning process. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence of gamification in the teaching of spelling in students in the sixth year of basic education at the Carolina de Febres Cordero school, with a population of 21 participants. The work is of a quasi-experimental type, with a longitudinal cohort approach, with a quantitative measurement, the technique to be used will be the written test applied in two times in a pretest and a post. Genially is the platform used to develop interactive presentations and games with different animations, enriching content and practice, resulting in significant changes in terms of linguistic training, improving your writing in a pleasant and lasting way?En el presente trabajo de investigación nos centramos en la aplicación del uso de video juegos como herramienta educativa motivadora y lúdica durante el proceso de aprendizaje. El objetivo en este estudio es determinar la incidencia de la gamificación en la enseñanza de la ortografía en los estudiantes del sexto año de educación básica de la escuela Carolina de Febres Cordero, contando con una población de 21 participantes. El trabajo es de tipo cuasi experimental, con un enfoque de cohorte longitudinal, con una medición cuantitativa, la técnica a utilizarse va a ser la prueba escrita aplicada en dos tiempos en un pretest y post. Genially es la plataforma que se utiliza para desarrollar presentaciones y juegos interactivos con diferentes animaciones enriqueciendo el contenido y la práctica, teniendo resultados cambios significativos en cuanto a la formación de la lingüística, mejorando su escritura de forma placentera y duradera

Podcast como herramienta de enseñanza en la expresión oral en estudiantes de octavo de básica

The use of podcasts in Latin America and mainly in Ecuador is not encouraging in terms of audience numbers, so it is necessary to educate the community so that they can listen to and produce podcasts. The sample for the study consisted of 34 students in the eighth year of primary school at the Unidad Educativa Remigio Crespo Toral. The experimental design of the study was qualitative and quantitative by means of a survey data collection technique and instrument. The data obtained in the study were processed using the SPSS version 25 statistical package for the Windows operating system. The statistical analyses applied to the samples are descriptive and frequency statistics. It is determined that there is no difference in general, all of them consider above 75% in most of the answers the importance of this educational tool on the classes, being women the most motivated in terms of this educational mechanism, one or one of the female students. Since they were anonymous surveys, they did not consider its use to be useful, and it would be convenient to investigate future mechanisms so that it can be used to attract the students' attention.El uso del podcast en Latinoamérica y principalmente en Ecuador no son números alentadores en la audiencia, por eso es necesario educar a la comunidad para que puedan escuchar y producir podcast En la actualidad la sociedad exige un nivel de comunicación oral muy alto como de redacción escrita. La muestra para el estudio está compuesta por 34 estudiantes del octavo año de básica de la Unidad Educativa Remigio Crespo Toral. El diseño experimental del estudio fue de tipo cualitativo y cuantitativo por medio de una técnica e instrumento de toma de datos de la encuesta. Los datos obtenidos en el estudio se han procesado mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 25 para el sistema operativo de Windows. Los análisis estadísticos aplicados sobre las muestran son los estadísticos descriptivos y frecuencia. Se determinan que no existen diferencia en cuanto al general todos consideran por arriba del 75% en la mayoría de las respuestas la importancia de esta herramienta educación sobre las clases siendo las mujeres las más motivadas en cuanto a este mecanismo de educación, de las respuestas una o una de las estudiantes. Debido a que eran encuestas anónimas no considera útil su utilización siendo conveniente indagar a futuro mecanismo para que englobe más la atención de los estudiantes

A comparison between petrous bone and tooth, femur and tibia DNA analysis from degraded skeletal remains

Skeletal remains are the only biological material that remains after long periods; however, environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, andpHaffect DNA preservation, turning skeletal remains into a challenging sample for DNA laboratories. Sample selection is a key factor, and femur and tooth have been traditionally recommended as the best substrate of genetic material. Recently, petrous bone (cochlear area) has been suggested as a better option due to its DNA yield. This research aims to evaluate the efficiency of petrous bone compared to other cranium samples (tooth) and postcranial long bones (femur and tibia). A total amount of 88 samples were selected from 38 different individuals. The samples were extracted by using an organic extraction protocol, DNA quantification by Quantifiler Trio kit and amplified with GlobalFiler kit. Results show that petrous bone outperforms other bone remains in quantification data, yielding 15–30 times more DNA than the others. DNA profile data presented likeness between petrous bone and tooth regarding detected alleles; however, the amount of DNA extracted in petrous bones allowed us to obtain more informative DNA profiles with superior quality. In conclusion, petrous bone or teeth sampling is recommended if DNA typing is going to be performed with environmentally degraded skeletal remains

Usefulness of Microbiome for Forensic Geolocation: A Review

Forensic microbiomics is a promising tool for crime investigation. Geolocation, which connects an individual to a certain place or location by microbiota, has been fairly well studied in the literature, and several applications have been found. The aim of this review is to highlight the main findings in this field, including the current sample storage, DNA extraction, sequencing and data analysis techniques that are being used, and its potential applications in human trafficking and ancient DNA studies. Second, the challenges and limitations of forensic microbiomics and geolocation are emphasised, providing recommendations for the establishment of this tool in the forensic science community

GITAD 2020: quality assurance test through 20 years of experience

Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi. org/10.1007/s00414-022-02802-4.GITAD (Grupo Iberoamericano de Trabajo en Análisis de DNA) was founded in 1998 as the first operational group of AICEF (Academia Iberoamericana de Criminalística y Estudios Forenses), formally created in 1999. The mission and the vision of GITAD are to promote the development of forensic genetics in Ibero-American countries and to achieve the maximum level of innovation and quality in each country, and with that aim, a proficiency test was developed. Since 1999, the member laboratories receive four reference samples with the objective of obtaining the genetic profile with their routine protocols, a theoretical exercise since 2003, and since 2007, it was incorporated a forensic sample, which changes every year. The consensus results and the different discrepancies are discussed in an annual meeting. This article illustrates the evolution of the proficiency test through 20 years from different points of view: the increase of participant laboratories, the evolution of the different DNA typing techniques reported by the Ibero-American participant laboratories, the challenges that the proficiency test have met, and future perspectives for a continuous improvement of the proficiency test, especially regarding its accreditation under ISO 17043Universidad de Granada/CBU

Creación de recursos multimedia de autoaprendizaje para la docencia práctica de Genética. Valoración de su eficacia en la adquisición de habilidades y competencias

Memoria ID-0225. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2016-2017

A comparison of five DNA extraction methods from degraded human skeletal remains

Extracting DNA from degraded human remains poses a challenge for any forensic genetics laboratory, as it requires efficient high-throughput methods. While little research has compared different techniques, silica in suspension has been identified in the literature as the best method for recovering small fragments, which are often present in these types of samples. In this study, we tested five DNA extraction protocols on 25 different degraded skeletal remains. Including the humerus, ulna, tibia, femur, and petrous bone. The five protocols were organic extraction by phenol/chloroform/isoamyl alcohol, silica in suspension, High Pure Nucleic Acid Large Volume silica columns (Roche), InnoXtract™ Bone (InnoGenomics), and PrepFiler™ BTA with AutoMate™ Express robot (ThermoFisher). We analysed five DNA quantification parameters (small human target quantity, large human target quantity, human male target quantity, degradation index, and internal PCR control threshold), and five DNA profile parameters (number of alleles with peak height higher than analytic and stochastic threshold, average relative fluorescence units (RFU), heterozygous balance, and number of reportable loci) were analysed. Our results suggest that organic extraction by phenol/chloroform/ isoamyl alcohol was the best performing method in terms of both quantification and DNA profile results. However, Roche silica columns were found to be the most efficient method

Empleo de la plataforma multimedia Kahoot! para fomentar el aprendizaje interactivo en las clases de teoría y seminarios de Genética

Memoria ID-0093. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2017-2018

Porous organic polymers containing active metal centers for Suzuki–Miyaura heterocoupling reactions

Producción CientíficaA new generation of confined palladium(II) catalysts covalently attached inside of porous organic polymers (POPs) has been attained. The synthetic approach employed was straightforward, and there was no prerequisite for making any modification of the precursor polymer. First, POP-based catalytic supports were obtained by reacting one symmetric trifunctional aromatic monomer (1,3,5-triphenylbenzene) with two ketones having electron-withdrawing groups (4,5-diazafluoren-9-one, DAFO, and isatin) in superacidic media. The homopolymers and copolymers were made using stoichiometric ratios between the functional groups, and they were obtained with quantitative yields after the optimization of reaction conditions. Moreover, the number of chelating groups (bipyridine moieties) available to bind Pd(II) ions to the catalyst supports was modified using different DAFO/isatin ratios. The resulting amorphous polymers and copolymers showed high thermal stability, above 500 °C, and moderate–high specific surface areas (from 760 to 935 m2 g–1), with high microporosity contribution (from 64 to 77%). Next, POP-supported Pd(II) catalysts were obtained by simple immersion of the catalyst supports in a palladium(II) acetate solution, observing that the metal content was similar to that theoretically expected according to the amount of bipyridine groups present. The catalytic activity of these heterogeneous catalysts was explored for the synthesis of biphenyl and terphenyl compounds, via the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction using a green solvent (ethanol/water), low palladium loads, and aerobic conditions. The findings showed excellent catalytic activity with quantitative product yields. Additionally, the recyclability of the catalysts, by simply washing it with ethanol, was excellent, with a sp2–sp2 coupling yield higher than 95% after five cycles of use. Finally, the feasibility of these catalysts to be employed in tangible organic reactions was assessed. Thus, the synthesis of a bulky compound, 4,4′-dimethoxy-5′-tert-butyl-m-terphenylene, which is a precursor of a thermal rearrangement monomer, was scaled-up to 2 g, with high conversion and 96% yield of the pure product.Agencia Estatal de Investigación (projects PID2019-109403RB-C22, MAT2016-76413-C2-R2, CTQ2017-89217- P and MAT2016-76413-C2-R1)Junta de Castilla y León (project VA038G18

Pyrrolidine-based catalytic microporous polymers in sustainable C=N and C=C bond formation via iminium and enamine activation

Producción CientíficaA new set of catalytic materials having a pyrrolidine moiety confined in microporous organic polymer networks (POPs) has been attained. These catalytic polymers have been prepared by a straightforward synthesis starting from microporous polymer networks made from isatin (or a mixture of isatin and trifluoroacetophenone) and 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene. The polymers efficiently catalyzed the formation of nitrones under very mild and sustainable conditions using green solvents through an iminium ion activation mechanism. The reactions are scalable, and polymers are easily recycled. Special attention has been paid to understanding all the factors that could affect the efficiency of the confined catalysts. The electronic and conformational characteristics of the pyrrolidine moiety attached to the porous polymers, as well as other features that could affect the transport through the network, such as molecular volume and shape of reactants and products, and even hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties, have been systematically evaluated. In addition, the heterogeneous polymers are also useful in Cdouble bondC bond formation through both iminium ion and enamine activation.Gobierno de España (Agencia Estatal de Investigación) - (Projects CTQ2016-78779-R, PID2019-109403RB-C22, RTI2018-096328-B-I00, CTQ2017-89217-P and PID2020-118547GBI00)Junta de Castilla y León, Unión Europea y Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) - (Project VA224P20)