1,471 research outputs found
Foundations and social economy: conceptual approaches and socio-economic relevance
Theoretical debate about the nature of charitable foundations has traditionally become polarized around two distinct conceptual approaches: the non-profit or third sector approach, versus the social economy approach. This research tries to find a common ground between these two approaches, and to highlight the specificities of the foundation as an organizational formula, supporting its current socio-economic relevance with latest quantitative data on the contemporary Spanish foundation sector. In order to achieve this purpose, data from the main empirical studies about the sector during the last decade are compared, with a special focus on those obtained by the recently constituted Institute for Strategic Analysis of Foundations (INAEF).Foundations, social economy, non-profit organizations, third sector, socioeconomic impact, INAEF.
Do decreasing hazard functions for price changes make any sense?
A common finding in empirical studies using micro data on consumer and producer prices is that hazard functions for price changes are decreasing. This means that a firm will have a lower probability of changing its price the longer it has kept it unchanged. This result is at odds with standard models of price setting. In this note a simple explanation is proposed: decreasing hazards may result from aggregating heterogeneous price setters. We show analytically the form of this heterogeneity effect for the most commonly used pricing rules and find that the aggregate hazard is (nearly always) decreasing. Results are illustrated using Spanish producer and consumer price data. We find that a very accurate representation of individual data is obtained by considering just 4 groups of agents: one group of flexible Calvo agents, one group of intermediate Calvo agents and one group of sticky Calvo agents plus an annual Calvo process.[resumen de autor
On the number of interference alignment solutions for the K-user MIMO channel with constant coefficients
In this paper, we study the number of different interference alignment (IA) solutions in a K-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) interference channel, when the alignment is performed via beamforming and no symbol extensions are allowed. We focus on the case where the number of IA equations matches the number of variables. In this situation, the number of IA solutions is finite and constant for any channel realization out of a zero-measure set and, as we prove in this paper, it is given by an integral formula that can be numerically approximated using Monte Carlo integration methods. More precisely, the number of alignment solutions is the scaled average of the determinant of a certain Hermitian matrix related to the geometry of the problem. Interestingly, while the value of this determinant at an arbitrary point can be used to check the feasibility of the IA problem, its average (properly scaled) gives the number of solutions. For single-beam systems, the asymptotic growth rate of the number of solutions is analyzed and some connections with classical combinatorial problems are presented. Nonetheless, our results can be applied to arbitrary interference MIMO networks, with any number of users, antennas, and streams per user.The work of Ó. González and I. Santamaría was supported by MICINN (Spanish Ministry for Science and Innovation) under grants TEC2013-47141-C4-3-R (RACHEL), TEC2010-19545-C04-03 (COSIMA), CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 CSD2008-00010 (COMONSENS) and FPU grant AP2009-1105. Carlos Beltrán was partially supported by MICINN grant MTM2010-16051
Price setting behaviour in Spain : evidence from micro PPI data
This paper identifies the basic features of price setting behaviour at the producer level in the Spanish economy using a large dataset containing the micro data underlying the construction of the PPI over the period 1991 1999. The paper explores how these general features are affected by some specific factors (cost structure, degree of competition, demand conditions, government intervention, level of inflation, seasonality, and the practice of using attractive prices) and presents a comparison of price setting practices at the producer and at the consumer level to ascertain whether the retail sector augments or mitigates price stickiness. We find that prices do not change often but do so by a large amount. The cost structure, proxied by the labour share and the relevance of raw materials, and the degree of competition, proxied by import penetration, affect price flexibility. We also find some evidence that producer prices are more flexible than consumer prices
Datos sobre el tesorillo tardorromano de monedas de El Pedregal (Chantada, Lugo)
Se presentan los datos sobre el contexto de
aparición del Tesorillo Tardorromano de monedas de bronce de El Pedregal, descubierto
a raíz de unas obras de canalización.
Se ha realizado un estudio sobre una pequeña muestra entre las monedas mejor conservadas de las más de 10.000 monedas que lo componían, identificando la cronología y el metal empleado. En los análisis de composición se ha utilizado la técnica no destructiva de espectrometría por fluorescencia de rayos X.The paper deals with the archaeological
context of the hoard of Late Roman
bronze coins found in El Pedregal after
some public works. The hoard contains
more than ten thousand coins. A small
group choosen among the better preserved
coins has been studied to define
the chronology and the metal used.
Non-destructive x-ray fluorescence (XRF)
spectrometry was used for elemental
analysis
Detector de banda ultraancha en tecnología microstrip hasta 40 GHz
Detectors designing is a key aspect for the development of the new millimeter wave systems. In this paper two detectors in microstrip technology are presented. They use zero bias Schottky diodes to detect signals from low frequency to 40 GHz. High sensibility, flat frequency response and ultrabroadband are the main features of these designs. They are also cheap and easy to mount because they have been built using microstrip technology. This paper explains most technological questions which must be taken into account to design such detectors
Consideraciones sobre el montaje de conectores para optimizar su respuesta en bandas milimétricas
Connectors are essential in many circuits to communicate with exterior world. When working in millimeter wave frequencies, connectors require very tight tolerances and being mounted exactly in the correct way. Main problems which use to appear when working with millimeter wave connectors have been collected in this article. Besides that, some basic guidelines to get optimal connector performance are given. To illustrate how these advices can improve connector operation, they have been used in a real case
Lights and shadows of business-nonprofit partnerships: The role of nonprofit learning and empowerment in this ethical puzzle
[Abstract]: Business-nonprofit partnerships have gained increased relevance in the context of the evolution of corporate social responsibility strategies and the existence of extremely complex societal and environmental challenges. However, these collaborations are also associated with important ethical concerns. Under such a scenario, this study attempts to shed light on the effects of high value-added partnerships—i.e., those characterized by a process of nonprofit empowerment—on two potential risks of business-nonprofit partnerships: co-optation and loss of personnel’s identification with the nonprofit’s social mission. Based on a two-step survey to a representative sample of Spanish nonprofits involved in social partnerships with firms, results reveal the existence of a mixed influence in both cases, positive and negative. Several implications for practitioners are drawn, specifically about how firms and nonprofits can reduce the negative ethical consequences of partnering
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