Formal Scheduling Constraints for Time-Sensitive Networks

In recent years, the IEEE 802.1 Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) task group has been active standardizing time-sensitive capabilities for Ethernet networks ranging from distributed clock synchronization and time-based ingress policing to frame preemption, redundancy management, and scheduled traffic enhancements. In particular the scheduled traffic enhancements defined in IEEE 802.1Qbv together with the clock synchronization protocol open up the possibility to schedule communication in distributed networks providing real-time guarantees. In this paper we formalize the necessary constraints for creating window-based IEEE~802.1Qbv Gate Control List schedules for Time-sensitive Networks (TSN). The resulting schedules allow a greater flexibility in terms of timing properties while still guaranteeing deterministic communication with bounded jitter and end-to-end latency

A case of chronic myelogenous leukemia in pregnancy characterized by a complex translocation t(9;22;11)(q34;q11.2;q13)

The management of chronic myelogenous leukemia during pregnancy requires balancing the well-being of the mother with that of the fetus. We report a case of a 26-year-old lady who was diagnosed with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) at 15 weeks gestation and who had an atypical chromosome t(9;22;11) (q34;q11.2;q13) translocation. She was observed through the remainder of the pregnancy and the disease remained stable; she delivered a normal boy. Treatment with imatinib mesylate was initiated shortly after delivery and she went into molecular complete remission. We discuss the course of the disease and suggest guidelines for managing pregnancy with respect to the currently available agents imatinib, dasatinib and nilotinib

Incidence, outcomes, and risk factors of pleural effusion in patients receiving dasatinib therapy for Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia.

Dasatinib, a second-generation BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, both as first-line therapy and after imatinib intolerance or resistance. While generally well tolerated, dasatinib has been associated with a higher risk for pleural effusions. Frequency, risk factors, and outcomes associated with pleural effusion were assessed in two phase 3 trials (DASISION and 034/Dose-optimization) and a pooled population of 11 trials that evaluated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with dasatinib (including DASISION and 034/Dose-optimization). In this largest assessment of patients across the dasatinib clinical trial program (N=2712), pleural effusion developed in 6-9% of patients at risk annually in DASISION, and in 5-15% of patients at risk annually in 034/Dose-optimization. With a minimum follow up of 5 and 7 years, drug-related pleural effusion occurred in 28% of patients in DASISION and in 33% of patients in 034/Dose-optimization, respectively. A significant risk factor identified for developing pleural effusion by a multivariate analysis was age. We found that overall responses to dasatinib, progression-free survival, and overall survival were similar in patients who developed pleural effusion and in patients who did not. clinicaltrials.gov identifier 00481247; 00123474

Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia associated with use of tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib

AbstractSince their introduction in the late 1990s, tyrosine kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) have been widely used for the treatment of various cancers. The side effects of the TKI imatinib are well-documented in the literature and include fatigue, skin rash, myelosuppression, and derangement of liver enzymes. Rare side effects have been observed in the postmarketing surveillance and include cardiac tamponade and Steven Johnson Syndrome. In the present report, we present a rare case of imatinib-associated immune thrombocytopenia leading to severe intra-abdominal bleeding. A brief account of similar cases of TKI drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia (DIT) is also described

Granulocytic sarcoma of the small bowel, greater omentum and peritoneum associated with a CBFβ/MYH11 fusion and inv(16) (p13q22): a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is an extramedullary disease which is composed of immature myeloid cells or myeloblasts and usually occurs in association with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), as an initial presentation or a relapse. GS has been associated with various cytogenetic abnormalities, particularly with the t(8;21) translocation and less frequently the inv(16) type.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We present a rare case of GS of the small bowel, greater omentum and peritoneum, which caused obstruction, in a patient with AML associated with a CBFβ/MYH11 fusion gene and an inv(16) (p13q22). In this patient there was only mild myeloid hyperplasia in bone marrow aspiration but molecular analysis identified a CBFβ-MYH11 fusion and inv(16) (p13;q22).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Because of its nonspecific clinical and radiologic findings, this entity can be misdiagnosed and can mimic other solid neoplasms, making it a diagnostic challenge. In a GS with no or minimal morphological changes in bone marrow aspiration it is very important to perform a cytogenetic analysis to benefit from the diagnosis and therapeutic strategy.</p

Low educational level but not low income impairs the achievement of cytogenetic remission in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with imatinib in Brazil

OBJECTIVES: In Brazil, imatinib mesylate is supplied as the first-line therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase through the public universal healthcare program, Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). We studied the socio-demographic factors that influenced therapy success in a population in the northeast region of Brazil. METHODS: Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia from the state of Piauí were treated in only one reference center. Diagnosis was based on WHO 2008 criteria. Risk was assessed by Sokal, Hasford and EUTOS scores. Patients received 400 mg imatinib daily. We studied the influence of the following factors on the achievement of complete cytogenetic response within one year of treatment: age, clinical risk category, time interval between diagnosis and the start of imatinib treatment, geographic distance from the patient's home to the hospital, years of formal education and monthly income. RESULTS: Among 103 patients studied, the median age was 42 years; 65% of the patients had 2-9 years of formal education, and the median monthly income was approximately 100 US$. Imatinib was started in the first year after diagnosis (early chronic phase) in 69 patients. After 12 months of treatment, 68 patients had a complete cytogenetic response. The Hasford score, delay to start imatinib and years of formal education influenced the attainment of a complete cytogenetic response, whereas income and the distance from the home to the healthcare facility did not. CONCLUSION: Patients require additional healthcare information to better understand the importance of long-term oral anticancer treatment and to improve their compliance with the treatment

Kronik miyeloid lösemi tedavi dozunda Nilotinib’in gonadotoksik etkilerinin fare modelinde gösterilmesi

Objective: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors may have deleterious effects on spermatogenesis or folliculogenesis, resulting in male or female subfertility. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of nilotinib, which is used routinely to treat chronic myeloid leukemia, on spermatogenesis and folliculogenesis by using histopathological parameters. Materials and Methods: Ten male and ten female mice were orally treated with nilotinib at 20 mg/kg body weight dissolved in drinking water daily for 2 months. Results: When compared with the control group, a statistically significant decrease was demonstrated in the total follicle numbers of the female mice in the nilotinib group (268±110 vs. 170±60; p=0.03). Active spermatogenesis was observed in each tubule sample taken from the mice in the control and nilotinib groups. Spermatogenic activity was similar in the two groups. Conclusion: We have demonstrated that even though spermatogenesis is preserved, folliculogenesis is inhibited by the usage of a continuous nilotinib treatment dose in chronic myeloid leukemia

Penurunan Rasa Haus dan Mulut Kering Pada Pasien Pasca Operasi Abdomen Menggunakan Spray Air Dingin

Pembatasan asupan makanan dan cairan pada pasien pasca operasi abdomen menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan dan memicu ketidak patuhan pasien terhadap program puasa yang dijalankan. Pemberian spray air dingin dapat merangsang saliva untuk menjaga mukosa mulut tetap lembab dan mengurangi persepsi rasa haus. Studi kasus bertujuan mengetahui penurunan rasa haus dan mulut kering pasien setelah diberikan spray air dingin jam ke 4 sampai 40 pasca operasi. Desain studi kasus ini adalah analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan proses keperawatan. Subyek studi kasus ini sebanyak 2 pasien dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu pasien pasca operasi abdomen dengan general anestesi dan dikategorikan dalam ASA I atau II, tidak memiliki gangguan pemahaman, berusia di atas 18 tahun dan setuju untuk ikut berpartisipasi dalam studi kasus ini. Instrumen untuk mengukur rasa haus dan mulut kering subyek yaitu Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Hasil studi kasus menunjukan setelah diberikan intervensi spray air dingin jam ke 4 sampai 40 pasca operasi terjadi penurunan skor VAS rasa haus dan mulut kering pada kedua subyek dari kategori haus berat menjadi haus ringan dan mulut sangat kering menjadi sedikit kering dengan rerata penurunan rasa haus sebanyak 4,5 dan mulut kering 5. Spray air dingin efektif untuk menurunkan rasa haus dan mulut kering pada pasien pasca operasi abdomen. Intervensi pemberian spray air dingin dapat dijadikan tindakan mandiri perawat yang aman dan efektif untuk menurunkan rasa haus dan mulut kering serta meningkatkan kenyamanan pada pasien pasca operasi abdomen

Molecular Monitoring of BCR-ABL Transcripts after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

AbstractThe monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) through low sensitivity real-time (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of BCR-ABL transcripts allows early detection of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The introduction of more sensitive techniques, such as RT quantitative (Q)-PCR, may lead to an overestimation of the risk of CML relapse. In this study, we reviewed the results of peripheral blood RT Q-PCR in CML patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT from 1983 to 2007. In our laboratory, RT Q-PCR analysis was routinely performed since 2002. Eighty-seven of 189 patients had available RT Q-PCR data; 63 patients had at least 3 RT Q-PCR analyses assessable. Fifty-two of 63 patients (83%) had, at least once, detectable transcript levels, but with an BCR-ABL/ABL ratio <.1% defined as .1% confirmed by the finding of Ph+ cells in bone marrow. No patients with persistent undetectable transcripts relapsed (P = .19). Relapse did not correlate with the number of occurrences o