9,774 research outputs found
Goldstone Superfield Actions in AdS5 backgrounds
Nonlinear realizations superfield techniques, pertinent to the description of
partial breaking of global N=2 supersymmetry in a flat d=4 super Minkowski
background, are generalized to the case of partially broken N=1 AdS5
supersymmetry SU(2,2|1). We present, in an explicit form, off-shell manifestly
N=1, d=4 supersymmetric minimal Goldstone superfield actions for two patterns
of partial breaking of SU(2,2|1) supersymmetry. They correspond to two
different nonlinear realizations of the latter, in the supercosets with the
AdS5 and AdS5\times S1 bosonic parts. The relevant worldvolume Goldstone
supermultiplets are accommodated, respectively, by improved tensor and chiral
N=1, d=4 superfields. The second action is obtained from the first one by
dualizing the improved tensor Goldstone multiplet into a chiral Goldstone one.
In the bosonic sectors, the first and second actions yield static-gauge
Nambu-Goto actions for a L3-brane on AdS5 and a scalar 3-brane on AdS5\times
S1.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX, no figures, published versio
Antibodies against the cardiac sodium/bicarbonate co-transporter (NBCe1) as pharmacological tools
Background and purpose: Na⁺/HCO3⁻ co-transport (NBC) regulates intracellular pH (pHi) in the heart. We have studied the electrogenic NBC isoform NBCe1 by examining the effect of functional antibodies to this protein.
Experimental approach: We generated two antibodies against putative extracellular loop domains 3 (a-L3) and 4 (a-L4) of NBCe1 which recognized NBCe1 on immunoblots and immunostaining experiments. pHi was monitored using epi-fluorescence measurements in cat ventricular myocytes. Transport activity of total NBC and of NBCe1 in isolation were evaluated after an ammonium ion-induced acidosis (expressed as H⁺ flux, JH, in mmol·L-1 min-1 at pHi 6.8) and during membrane depolarization with high extracellular potassium (potassium pulse, expressed as ΔpHi) respectively.
Key results: The potassium pulse produced a pHi increase of 0.18 ± 0.006 (n= 5), which was reduced by the a-L3 antibody (0.016 ± 0.019). The a-L-3 also decreased JH by 50%. Surprisingly, during the potassium pulse, a-L4 induced a higher pHi increase than control,(0.25 ± 0.018) whereas the recovery of pHi from acidosis was faster (JH was almost double the control value). In perforated-patch experiments, a-L3 prolonged and a-L4 shortened action potential duration, consistent with blockade and stimulation of NBCe1-carried anionic current respectively.
Conclusions and implications: Both antibodies recognized NBCe1, but they had opposing effects on the function of this transporter, as the a-L3 was inhibitory and the a-L4 was excitatory. These antibodies could be valuable in studies on the pathophysiology of NBCe1 in cardiac tissue, opening a path for their potential clinical use.Facultad de Ciencias MédicasCentro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculare
Benefits bilingual children should have when learning English as a Third language
Treball Final de Grau en Mestre o Mestra d'Educació Infantil. Codi: MI1040. Curs acadèmic: 2016-2017.The use of English as a lingua franca in Europe has increased the importance of language learning
processes in modern education. Since an early age, English is introduced in the educational
programmes. This research is focused in Betxí, a town from the Valencian Community, and a
bilingual area where Valencian and Spanish are used daily. Since pre-school, children from this
place have a plurilingual education, because they learn Valencian and Spanish as their mother
tongues, plus English as a Third Language (L3).
Some European research has demonstrated that being bilingual has some benefits over being
monolingual when acquiring English as a L3. Thus, the main point of this research is to establish the
benefits bilingual children from Betxí should have when acquiring English as a L3. However, this
research deals with the following hypothesis: Did previous research really prove the benefits
bilinguals should have when learning a L3?
In this particular bilingual area, Valencian should be promoted, as well as every minority language
in Europe. This study wants to show the benefits bilinguals have for promoting the use of minority
languages in those bilingual places where other languages, such as Spanish in this case, play a
primary role in society
PHOENIX model chromospheres of mid- to late-type M dwarfs
We present semi-empirical model chromospheres computed with the atmosphere
code PHOENIX. The models are designed to fit the observed spectra of five mid-
to late-type M dwarfs. Next to hydrogen lines from the Balmer series we used
various metal lines, e. g. from Fe {\sc i}, for the comparison between data and
models. Our computations show that an NLTE treatment of C, N, O impacts on the
hydrogen line formation, while NLTE treatment of less abundant metals such as
nickel influences the lines of the considered species itself. For our coolest
models we investigated also the influence of dust on the chromospheres and
found that dust increases the emission line flux.
Moreover we present an (electronically published) emission line list for the
spectral range of 3100 to 3900 and 4700 to 6800 \AA for a set of 21 M dwarfs
and brown dwarfs. The line list includes the detection of the Na {\sc i} D
lines in emission for a L3 dwarf.Comment: 14 pages, 18 figure
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The study of chiral adsorption systems using synchrotron- based structural and spectroscopic techniques: stereospecific adsorption of serine on Au-modified chiral Cu{531} surfaces
We apply modern synchrotron-based structural
techniques to the study of serine adsorbed on the pure andAumodified
intrinsically chiral Cu{531} surface. XPS and
NEXAFS data in combination with DFT show that on the
pure surface both enantiomers adsorb in l4 geometries (with
de-protonated b-OH groups) at low coverage and in l3
geometries at saturation coverage. Significantly larger
enantiomeric differences are seen for the l4 geometries,
which involve substrate bonds of three side groups of the
chiral center, i.e. a three-point interaction. The l3 adsorption
geometry, where only the carboxylate and amino groups form
substrate bonds, leads to smaller but still significant enantiomeric
differences, both in geometry and the decomposition
behavior. When Cu{531} is modified by the deposition of 1
and 2ML Au the orientations of serine at saturation coverage
are significantly different from those on the clean surface. In
all cases, however, a l3 bond coordination is found at saturation
involving different numbers of Au atoms, which leads
to relatively small enantiomeric differences
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