700 research outputs found
Dielectric polarization of 2 - pyrrolidinone molecules in benzene solution - a quantum - chemical study
Ab initio quantum chemical calculations have been performed to study the problemof dielectric polarization of molecules in solutions. It is shown that the theoretical resultsobtained for 2-pyrrolidinone molecules reproduce quite well the experimantal data at lowconcentrations.Pozna
Vibrational properties of inclusion complexes: the case of indomethacin-cyclodextrin
Vibrational properties of inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins are studied
by means of Raman spectroscopy and numerical simulation. In particular, Raman
spectra of the non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin undergo
notable changes in the energy range between 1600 and 1700 cm when
inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins are formed. By using both \emph{ab
initio} quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics, we studied how to
relate such changes to the geometry of the inclusion process, disentangling
single-molecule effects, from changes in the solid state structure or
dimerization processes.Comment: 14 file figure
Quantum-chemical study of the nonclassical carbonium ion-like transition states in isobutane cracking on zeolites
The ''ab initio'' quantum chemical calculations at MP2/6- 31++G**//HF/6-31G* level were performed for some elementary steps of isobutane cracking on zeolites. The results demonstrated that adsorbed carbonium ions represent not the observable reaction intermediates, but the high-energy transition states of the corresponding elementary reactions. Calculated activation energies are in reasonable agreement with experimental dat
Comment on the relation between the nonadiabatic coupling and the complex intersection of potential energy curves
Simple relations are discussed that provide a correspondence between the complex intersection of two potential surfaces and the nonadiabatic coupling matrix element between those surfaces. These are key quantities in semiclassical and quantum mechanical theories of collision induced electronic transitions. Within the two state approximation, the complex intersection is shown to be directly related to the location and magnitude of the peak in the nonadiabatic coupling. Two cases are considered: the avoided crossing between two potential surfaces; and the spin orbit interaction due to a P-2 halogen atom. Comparisons are made between the results of the two-state model and the results of ab initio quantum chemical calculations
Co dimers on hexagonal carbon rings proposed as subnanometer magnetic storage bits
It is demonstrated by means of density functional and ab-initio quantum
chemical calculations, that transition metal - carbon systems have the
potential to enhance the presently achievable area density of magnetic
recording by three orders of magnitude. As a model system, Co_2-benzene with a
diameter of 0.5 nm is investigated. It shows a magnetic anisotropy in the order
of 0.1 eV per molecule, large enough to store permanently one bit of
information at temperatures considerably larger than 4 K. A similar performance
can be expected, if cobalt dimers are deposited on graphene or on graphite. It
is suggested that the subnanometer bits can be written by simultaneous
application of a moderate magnetic and a strong electric field.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure
Stabilities of nanohydrated thymine radical cations: insights from multiphoton ionization experiments and ab initio calculations
Multi-photon ionization experiments have been carried out on thymine-water clusters in the gas phase. Metastable H2O loss from T+(H2O)n was observed at n ≥ 3 only. Ab initio quantum-chemical calculations of a large range of optimized T+(H2O)n conformers have been performed up to n = 4, enabling binding energies of water to be derived. These decrease smoothly with n, consistent with the general trend of increasing metastable H2O loss in the experimental data. The lowest-energy conformers of T+(H2O)3 and T+(H2O)4 feature intermolecular bonding via charge-dipole interactions, in contrast with the purely hydrogen-bonded neutrals. We found no evidence for a closed hydration shell at n = 4, also contrasting with studies of neutral clusters
Conformations and electronic structure of cyclic sulfites and quantum-chemical calculations, ab initio and in the CNDO/2 approximation
Ab initio quantum-chemical calculations transmit satisfactorily the conformational and electronic properties of cyclic esters of sulfurous acid, whereas calculations in the CNDO/2 approximation gives a satisfactory description of only the features of electronic structures of this class of compounds. © 1985 Plenum Publishing Corporation
From wave function to crystal morphology: application to urea and alpha-glycine
In this paper the relation between the molecular electron density distribution and the crystal growth morphology is investigated. Accurate charge densities derived from ab initio quantum chemical calculations were partitioned into multipole moments, to calculate the electrostatic contribution to the intermolecular interaction energy. For urea and alpha-glycine the F-faces or connected nets were determined according to the Hartman-Perdok PBC theory. From attachment energy and critical Ising temperature calculations, theoretical growth forms were constructed using different atom-atom potential models. These were compared to the Donnay-Harker model, equilibrium form and experimental growth forms. In the case of alpha-glycine, the theoretical growth forms are in good agreement with crystals grown from aqueous solution. Crystals obtained by sublimation seem to show some faces which are not F-faces sensu stricto
Effect of the C-bridge length on the ultraviolet-resistance of oxycarbosilane low-k films
The ultra-violet (UV) and vacuum ultra-violet (VUV) resistance of bridging alkylene groups in organosilica films has been investigated. Similar to the Si-CH3 (methyl) bonds, the Si-CH2-Si (methylene) bonds are not affected by 5.6 eV irradiation. On the other hand, the concentration of the Si-CH2-CH2-Si (ethylene) groups decreases during such UV exposure. More significant difference in alkylene reduction is observed when the films are exposed to VUV (7.2 eV). The ethylene groups are depleted by more than 75% while only about 40% methylene and methyl groups loss is observed. The different sensitivity of bridging groups to VUV light should be taken into account during the development of curing and plasma etch processes of low-k materials based on periodic mesoporous organosilicas and oxycarbosilanes. The experimental results are qualitatively supported by ab-initio quantum-chemical calculations
Non-innocent side-chains with dipole moments in organic solar cells improve charge separation
Providing sustainable energy is one of the biggest challenges nowadays. An attractive answer is the use of organic solar cells to capture solar energy. Recently a promising route to increase their efficiency has been suggested: developing new organic materials with a high dielectric constant. This solution focuses on lowering the coulomb attraction between electrons and holes, thereby increasing the yield of free charges. In here, we demonstrate from a theoretical point of view that incorporation of dipole moments in organic materials indeed lowers the coulomb attraction. A combination of molecular dynamics simulations for modelling the blend and ab initio quantum chemical calculations to study specific regions was performed. This approach gives predictive insight in the suitability of new materials for application in organic solar cells. In addition to all requirements that make conjugated polymers suitable for application in organic solar cells, this study demonstrates the importance of large dipole moments in polymer side-chains
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