14 research outputs found
Santa Fe Weekly Gazette, 09-08-1855
https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/sf_gazette_news/1219/thumbnail.jp
"Mittelreich zwischen dem Osten und Westen"
Was veranlasste die Dramatiker des 19. Jahrhunderts dazu, sich immer wieder mit der »eigenthümlichen« polnischen Verfassung auseinanderzusetzen? Wieso wich das Bild der »schönen Polin« so stark von den Weiblichkeitsidealen der Zeit ab?
Das polnisch-litauische »Mittelreich zwischen dem Osten und Westen« (Ernst M. Arndt, 1842), das im 20. Jahrhundert zum Ostmitteleuropa gekürt wurde und die Erweiterung des wiederbelebten fragilen Ost-West-Dualismus darstellte, bot einen mentalgeografischen Proberaum für die Auseinandersetzung zwischen der europäischen Zivilisation und der asiatischen Rückständigkeit, zwischen Kultur und Barbarei, zwischen der westlichen Verbürgerlichung und dem östlichen Despotismus.
Bemerkenswerterweise entfaltete sich in den dramatischen Texten zwischen 1795 und 1871 eine von den populärwissenschaftlichen oder publizistischen Aussagen abweichende Darstellung dieses Raums, die in den Bildern der amazonenhaft-barbarischen »schönen Polinnen« und der anarchistisch anmutenden polnischen Verfassung mit ihren unberechenbaren Reichstagen und effeminierten Wahlkönigen die fortschrittlichen freiheitlichen Ideen transportierte.
Magdalena Meyerweissflog studierte Kulturwissenschaften mit Schwerpunkt Theaterwissenschaften an der Universität Łódź (Polen) und promovierte an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in München. Sie übersetzte theaterwissenschaftliche Fachliteratur ins Polnische und wirkte als Schauspielerin und Chorsängerin an mehreren Sprach- und Musiktheaterproduktionen in München und Regensburg mit. Seit 2018 ist sie im Bereich der Regionalentwicklung tätig
RAFAEL CONTRERAS JUESAS: CARTELISTA, COMUNICADOR GRÁFICO, PINTOR, INVESTIGADOR, ESCRITOR Y PEDAGOGO. VIDA, OBRA Y CATÁLOGO ANALÍTICO
Se ha analizado en profundidad cada una de las facetas de Rafael Contreras Juesas
desarrolladas tanto en el ámbito personal como profesional, mostrando
cronológicamente la trayectoria laboral y académica; estudiando su personalidad y
estilo; a nivel multidisciplinar se ha plasmado su creación artística -gráfica y pictórica-
generada por el artista a lo largo de su vida, muy especialmente la cartelística,
secundada por los textos más representativos de su indeleble etapa docente. Se ha
compilado, previa búsqueda documental, su completa producción plástica y cartelística,
analizándola iconológica e iconográficamente; recabando a su vez, como valiosa
aportación adicional, la opinión que de él tienen los diseñadores gráficos de prestigio
internacional: Javier Mariscal, Alberto Corazón, Enric Satué y Pepe Gimeno.
En la biografía se conjuga lo práctico con lo teórico, la primera en cuanto se refiere a la
elaboración: las técnicas, procesos, principios y materiales empleados por el autor,
cobrando especial interés en su creación los procesos de bocetado, por lo sumamente
didáctico; la segunda, a través de sus planteamientos semiológicos que favorecen la
comprensión de sus representaciones gráficas.
En primera instancia se estudian sus precedentes familiares y su formación académica
con el fin de contextualizar al personaje en sus respectivas influencias. A posteriori se
concatenan cada una de sus ocupaciones profesionales e investigadoras, desglosadas
pormenorizadamente, e incluyendo su obra en el transcurso de las mismas, de manera
integral (coherente y unificada) y global (con intención totalitaria).
Se ha puesto especial ahínco en registrar y fechar profusamente cada uno de los
momentos clave, así como describir detalladamente los acontecimientos de relieve.
Se incide especialmente en el apartado cartelístico -al tratarse del denominador común a
través del cual el autor de quien tratamos se da a conocer, al igual que como profesor-
analizando la creatividad en el brainstorming y su expresivo lenguaje gráfico.
Se ha buscado, recopilado, clasificado y numerado todo el material diverso índole y
procedencia; organizando éste, acorde a las respectivas temáticas disciplinarias que lo
integran, unificando coherentemente en sus apartados conceptos comunes y contenidos
afines a los mismos.Arce Martínez, JM. (2014). RAFAEL CONTRERAS JUESAS: CARTELISTA, COMUNICADOR GRÁFICO, PINTOR, INVESTIGADOR, ESCRITOR Y PEDAGOGO. VIDA, OBRA Y CATÁLOGO ANALÍTICO [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/36064TESI
CARAVAGGIO E LA MAGIA NATURALE
Con questo lavoro si fornisce al lettore una lettura storico culturale dell'opera di Caravaggio con particolare attenzione ai temi dell'epilessia e della magia naturale
Portret szlachty czasów stanisławowskich, epoki kryzysu, odrodzenia i upadku Rzeczypospolitej w pamiętnikach polskich
There is a strong belief among Polish historiographers, that the Republic fell admittedly
because of vices and faults of its citizens, but also at the very moment its national
revival commenced. Different interpretations of the statement as there were, their most
important element was a citizen nobleman who saw the necessity of reforms aiming to
increase the prestige, authority and power of the state. This area included also the whole
spectrum of issues formely unsolved in the Polish state. In this context, it is important to
look at the gentry as close as possible. It might help us understand why it changed its
attitude towards the state and other related social and ideological issues. An attempt to
present or build up such a collective portrait of the Polish nobility under Stanisław August
Poniatowski on the basis of diaries can be a step in this direction.
Such a dynamic presentation of the nobility arises from the inner chronological partitioning
of the research material. It has been divided into three groups. The first group
of diaries covers reports written before the fall of the First Republic, that is until 1795.
The second one involves memoires of the people, acting in various areas of everyday
life, after the fall of the Polish state but also politically active i.e. mature in the times of
Stanisław August Poniatowski. The third group of diaries contains descriptions of the
past produced by the people born between 1780 and 1795. All in all, the study is based
on about 300 diaries.
The present dissertation is divided into four chapters covering all of the most important
spheres of the noblemen s activity. Chapter I The Nobility in the Circle of Family
and Household for Peace, Stability and Strength of the House presents the noblemen in
their natural environment, namely depicts their attitude to family and possessions. Also
the values considered to be the most important to the nobility in everyday life as well as
the features they felt proud of and those disapproved of in others are discussed. Such
a catalogue of features and values of the Polish nobility positions religiousness next to
debauchery, fear next to courage, hospitality and goodness also with respect to lower
social classes next to selfishness. Chapter II Citizens towards the State for the preserving
and well being of the Republic the Native Country, presents a stereotypical
portrait of the nobility in those times, all visible vices and virtues of an average nobleman
included. The leitmotif of this Chapter are the recurring dilemas between a private interest and that of the state. Here, the attitude of the middle nobility to Stanisław August
was described, both to his rule and person, as well as to the mighty elites of the nobility
and to the curves of history that the Republic got through in Stanisław August times. It
also presents the hierarchy of values the citizens followed in the case of choice, what the
love of their own country and freedom meant to them, what their ideal, faultless state
was to be, if and to what extent their understanding of nation changed, to what degree
their attachment to it depended on the community of interests and aims, culture and
language. Chapters III and IV expand and complete the area of observation thus allowing
to verify certain fragments of the portrait. They show the citizens of the Republi in soldiercraft
and in priesthood . The portrait of the nobility as a whole, created mostly by
the nobility itself, reflects its stereotypical images, functioning at that time.
A portrait of the nobility in its homely environment, with its visibly outlined vices
and virtues, reinforced, at least in the sphere of theory and ideology, by the norms of
behaviour strengthened by the functioning tradition, is very positive. It is humane and
natural with each group of diarists, the emphasis being put on the first one though. Here
the lack of willingness to create or confabulate a certain reality is painfully direct, from
the criticism of dishonourable behaviour towards their mates, though sometimes not
perceived as such, to explicit protection to obtain financial benefits. The second group of
diarists, on the other hand, has the tendency to create a portrait of the gentry interested in
the effectiveness of their enterprise to build up the power of their house which suggests
their endeavour to realize Arcadia s myth in their homes. That very trend remained unchanged
with the third group of diaries.
In Chapter II the portrait of the nobility is more diversified in all three groups of diaries.
In the first type of diaries the nobility is fairly neutral, distanced from the politics,
though taking part in it, treating the advantage of Moscow as a natural phenomenon but
at the same time considering it the reason of evil observed in the country. The diaristst of
the second group thought a bit different though they do not deny the fact of Moscow s
advantage over the Republic. They claim that the whole evil derives from the magnates
advantage who were first to control their poorer mates and, with their eyes fixed on their
own interests, fought with one another, ignoring the Republic. It spoilt the former traditions
and principles. They stopped thinking about their country; it became the matter of
secondary importance. Imaginary needs of the magnates led to betrayal and as a result
the whole nation suffered. Yet such radical and severe images of the citizens in the reign
of Stanisław August Poniatowski do not predominate in diary descriptions. There were
many more causes that brought about the fall of the Republic the nobility was not accused
of. On the one hand, recording the events, diarists often presented the gentry in the
situations revealing their weaknesses. On the other hand, having in view the nobility s
good they tried to understand and, at times, excuse their negative behaviour by other
virtues. What predominates is the authenticity and good nature of a citizen.
A nobleman in its military role complements some aspects of the portrait. It proves
his inclination to stabilisation. Depending on the the financial status in the society, the
soldiercraft was a path to settle or make a career. It is accepted by all diary writers who
underline its difficulty though it is the third group of diarists which points to its honesty.
It was a turn towards bringing knighthood back to favour in the noble society. In terms
of characterological features a soldier did not differ much from a nobleman-landholder
nor from a citizen-politician. It was only the financial status that made the gentry take on the inclinations of the poorer nobility that is why the issues connected with everyday
existence determined to a large extent their behaviour.
Irrespective of the time they were written the diaries present cleric nobility as resembling
the general features shown in the portrait. The diaries written by clergymen,
originating from the nobility, do not differ much from those written by the nobility. The
difference lies in a milder look at the figures of the epoch, a kindness of their authors,
a greater distance to what is earthly. In a way, it justifies the attitude of neutrality of
clergymen in the critical moments of the Republic s history, which was sometimes explained
by Divine Providence. What links lay and cleric authors are mainly the issues of
an economic nature and those connected with professional career and religiousness.
The image of the clergy is quite decent due to the religiousness declared by diary
writers of the three groups and showed by them. The evil is condensed in a few figures
commonly referred to as unworthy of being called Polishmen. All diary writers follow
the same pattern. Rich clergymen who, in the majority of cases, derive from rich families,
are evaluated negatively. The ones evaluated more positively in terms of morality,
ethics and politics are priests or monks, less frequently noticed and lower-ranked in the
social hierarchy. They are characterologically similar to the noblemen citizens.
The portrait of the nobility in the reign of Stanisław August Poniatowski in Polish
diaries was dominated by political issues where the year 1795 is a kind of ceasura. At
that time, it was a decisive moment. Their world changed rapidly: botn in their fathers
homes, woken up in a foreign state, they changed their attitude to the future. And so did
change the portrait of the gentry of Stanisław August Poniatowski times. Although clear
symptoms of changes in the way of thinking about reality surrounding them were visible
as early as the time of Great Sejm, it was only after the fall of the Polish state that
a different perspective concerning the times of Stanisław August and their citizens consolidated.
What became significant was the attachment to tradition, old Polish customs
and religiousnes. They comprise such indicators as own country, widely understood
citizen liberties and devotion to family.
The canon of features ascribed to the nobility was stable and did not undergo diversification
in all kinds of diaries. They all pointed out courage in the defence of the
world created by the nobility and in the defence of the nation. It is connected with the
other features such as love of their own country, hospitality and openness. These, especially
in descriptions written by the second and third group of diary writers, are presented
on the basis of the projection of dreams in defence of such a positive image of the
nobility. Optimistically speaking, one could assume that schematically drawn heroic
nobleman-citizen, devoted to his country and family is an unchanging model. It is an
ideal model based on the images of diary writers, not on the observation of reality and
other sources
Portret szlachty czasów stanisławowskich, epoki kryzysu, odrodzenia i upadku Rzeczypospolitej w pamiętnikach polskich
There is a strong belief among Polish historiographers, that the Republic fell admittedly
because of vices and faults of its citizens, but also at the very moment its national
revival commenced. Different interpretations of the statement as there were, their most
important element was a citizen nobleman who saw the necessity of reforms aiming to
increase the prestige, authority and power of the state. This area included also the whole
spectrum of issues formely unsolved in the Polish state. In this context, it is important to
look at the gentry as close as possible. It might help us understand why it changed its
attitude towards the state and other related social and ideological issues. An attempt to
present or build up such a collective portrait of the Polish nobility under Stanisław August
Poniatowski on the basis of diaries can be a step in this direction.
Such a dynamic presentation of the nobility arises from the inner chronological partitioning
of the research material. It has been divided into three groups. The first group
of diaries covers reports written before the fall of the First Republic, that is until 1795.
The second one involves memoires of the people, acting in various areas of everyday
life, after the fall of the Polish state but also politically active i.e. mature in the times of
Stanisław August Poniatowski. The third group of diaries contains descriptions of the
past produced by the people born between 1780 and 1795. All in all, the study is based
on about 300 diaries.
The present dissertation is divided into four chapters covering all of the most important
spheres of the noblemen s activity. Chapter I The Nobility in the Circle of Family
and Household for Peace, Stability and Strength of the House presents the noblemen in
their natural environment, namely depicts their attitude to family and possessions. Also
the values considered to be the most important to the nobility in everyday life as well as
the features they felt proud of and those disapproved of in others are discussed. Such
a catalogue of features and values of the Polish nobility positions religiousness next to
debauchery, fear next to courage, hospitality and goodness also with respect to lower
social classes next to selfishness. Chapter II Citizens towards the State for the preserving
and well being of the Republic the Native Country, presents a stereotypical
portrait of the nobility in those times, all visible vices and virtues of an average nobleman
included. The leitmotif of this Chapter are the recurring dilemas between a private interest and that of the state. Here, the attitude of the middle nobility to Stanisław August
was described, both to his rule and person, as well as to the mighty elites of the nobility
and to the curves of history that the Republic got through in Stanisław August times. It
also presents the hierarchy of values the citizens followed in the case of choice, what the
love of their own country and freedom meant to them, what their ideal, faultless state
was to be, if and to what extent their understanding of nation changed, to what degree
their attachment to it depended on the community of interests and aims, culture and
language. Chapters III and IV expand and complete the area of observation thus allowing
to verify certain fragments of the portrait. They show the citizens of the Republi in soldiercraft
and in priesthood . The portrait of the nobility as a whole, created mostly by
the nobility itself, reflects its stereotypical images, functioning at that time.
A portrait of the nobility in its homely environment, with its visibly outlined vices
and virtues, reinforced, at least in the sphere of theory and ideology, by the norms of
behaviour strengthened by the functioning tradition, is very positive. It is humane and
natural with each group of diarists, the emphasis being put on the first one though. Here
the lack of willingness to create or confabulate a certain reality is painfully direct, from
the criticism of dishonourable behaviour towards their mates, though sometimes not
perceived as such, to explicit protection to obtain financial benefits. The second group of
diarists, on the other hand, has the tendency to create a portrait of the gentry interested in
the effectiveness of their enterprise to build up the power of their house which suggests
their endeavour to realize Arcadia s myth in their homes. That very trend remained unchanged
with the third group of diaries.
In Chapter II the portrait of the nobility is more diversified in all three groups of diaries.
In the first type of diaries the nobility is fairly neutral, distanced from the politics,
though taking part in it, treating the advantage of Moscow as a natural phenomenon but
at the same time considering it the reason of evil observed in the country. The diaristst of
the second group thought a bit different though they do not deny the fact of Moscow s
advantage over the Republic. They claim that the whole evil derives from the magnates
advantage who were first to control their poorer mates and, with their eyes fixed on their
own interests, fought with one another, ignoring the Republic. It spoilt the former traditions
and principles. They stopped thinking about their country; it became the matter of
secondary importance. Imaginary needs of the magnates led to betrayal and as a result
the whole nation suffered. Yet such radical and severe images of the citizens in the reign
of Stanisław August Poniatowski do not predominate in diary descriptions. There were
many more causes that brought about the fall of the Republic the nobility was not accused
of. On the one hand, recording the events, diarists often presented the gentry in the
situations revealing their weaknesses. On the other hand, having in view the nobility s
good they tried to understand and, at times, excuse their negative behaviour by other
virtues. What predominates is the authenticity and good nature of a citizen.
A nobleman in its military role complements some aspects of the portrait. It proves
his inclination to stabilisation. Depending on the the financial status in the society, the
soldiercraft was a path to settle or make a career. It is accepted by all diary writers who
underline its difficulty though it is the third group of diarists which points to its honesty.
It was a turn towards bringing knighthood back to favour in the noble society. In terms
of characterological features a soldier did not differ much from a nobleman-landholder
nor from a citizen-politician. It was only the financial status that made the gentry take on the inclinations of the poorer nobility that is why the issues connected with everyday
existence determined to a large extent their behaviour.
Irrespective of the time they were written the diaries present cleric nobility as resembling
the general features shown in the portrait. The diaries written by clergymen,
originating from the nobility, do not differ much from those written by the nobility. The
difference lies in a milder look at the figures of the epoch, a kindness of their authors,
a greater distance to what is earthly. In a way, it justifies the attitude of neutrality of
clergymen in the critical moments of the Republic s history, which was sometimes explained
by Divine Providence. What links lay and cleric authors are mainly the issues of
an economic nature and those connected with professional career and religiousness.
The image of the clergy is quite decent due to the religiousness declared by diary
writers of the three groups and showed by them. The evil is condensed in a few figures
commonly referred to as unworthy of being called Polishmen. All diary writers follow
the same pattern. Rich clergymen who, in the majority of cases, derive from rich families,
are evaluated negatively. The ones evaluated more positively in terms of morality,
ethics and politics are priests or monks, less frequently noticed and lower-ranked in the
social hierarchy. They are characterologically similar to the noblemen citizens.
The portrait of the nobility in the reign of Stanisław August Poniatowski in Polish
diaries was dominated by political issues where the year 1795 is a kind of ceasura. At
that time, it was a decisive moment. Their world changed rapidly: botn in their fathers
homes, woken up in a foreign state, they changed their attitude to the future. And so did
change the portrait of the gentry of Stanisław August Poniatowski times. Although clear
symptoms of changes in the way of thinking about reality surrounding them were visible
as early as the time of Great Sejm, it was only after the fall of the Polish state that
a different perspective concerning the times of Stanisław August and their citizens consolidated.
What became significant was the attachment to tradition, old Polish customs
and religiousnes. They comprise such indicators as own country, widely understood
citizen liberties and devotion to family.
The canon of features ascribed to the nobility was stable and did not undergo diversification
in all kinds of diaries. They all pointed out courage in the defence of the
world created by the nobility and in the defence of the nation. It is connected with the
other features such as love of their own country, hospitality and openness. These, especially
in descriptions written by the second and third group of diary writers, are presented
on the basis of the projection of dreams in defence of such a positive image of the
nobility. Optimistically speaking, one could assume that schematically drawn heroic
nobleman-citizen, devoted to his country and family is an unchanging model. It is an
ideal model based on the images of diary writers, not on the observation of reality and
other sources
La religión romana en la Bética
El objetivo de esta Tesis Doctoral es dar a conocer los resultados obtenidos a partir de la recopilación y posterior investigación de las dos fuentes principales relacionadas con la religión romana en la Bética, es decir, los testimonios arqueológicos (escultura) y los epigráficos, con el fin de valorar la forma en que se manifiesta la religiosidad romana en esta provincia, a la vez que, con los datos obtenidos, dar una idea lo más completa posible de la sociedad romana en muy diversas facetas, encuadrando estos resultados entre los siglos I y IV d.C. La documentación arqueológica, las fuentes epigráficas y la numerosa bibliografía que existe sobre estos temas, son los pilares en los cuales nos hemos basado para esta Tesis. Aunque se ha intentado recoger toda la información disponible sobre epigrafía y escultura y aun siendo la epigrafía una fuente fundamental para los estudios de la Hispania antigua, se ha procurado destacar que la escultura es una fuente más novedosa, aunque también más difícil de evaluar, y que a través de ella se puede dar un enfoque distinto del tema objeto de nuestra investigación, al poder contar con un número muy importante de piezas realizadas en distintos materiales. El método para conseguir estos objetivos ha sido la confección de dos Catálogos, uno epigráfico y otro escultórico, en los cuales, para tener una visión lo más amplia posible, se han recogido todas las manifestaciones de culto, es decir, las esculturas y objetos relacionados con la devoción y los epígrafes. A partir del material compilado se han elaborado siete capítulos dedicados a todas las divinidades halladas, agrupándolas en base a sus funciones más relevantes. Se completa el estudio con una serie de mapas correspondientes a diferentes dioses y dos mapas exhaustivos en los cuales figuran por separado todas las inscripciones y esculturas descubiertas, situándolas en las ciudades donde han aparecido y contabilizando el número total de ejemplares escultóricos y epigráficos de cada una de las deidades localizadas, con el propósito de poder conocer, dentro de lo posible, el significado de dicha ubicación, consignando, a su vez, los conventus, a fin de dejar constancia de la concentración de testimonios en cada uno de ellos..
Livländische Jahrbücher. Dritter Theil von 1630 bis 1710. Letzterer Abschnitt von 1660 bis 1710
http://tartu.ester.ee/record=b2292339~S1*es