Water filtration by using apple and banana peels as activated carbon

Water filter is an important devices for reducing the contaminants in raw water. Activated from charcoal is used to absorb the contaminants. Fruit peels are some of the suitable alternative carbon to substitute the charcoal. Determining the role of fruit peels which were apple and banana peels powder as activated carbon in water filter is the main goal. Drying and blending the peels till they become powder is the way to allow them to absorb the contaminants. Comparing the results for raw water before and after filtering is the observation. After filtering the raw water, the reading for pH was 6.8 which is in normal pH and turbidity reading recorded was 658 NTU. As for the colour, the water becomes more clear compared to the raw water. This study has found that fruit peels such as banana and apple are an effective substitute to charcoal as natural absorbent

Is swarm intelligence able to create mazes?

In this paper, the idea of applying Computational Intelligence in the process of creation board games, in particular mazes, is presented. For two different algorithms the proposed idea has been examined. The results of the experiments are shown and discussed to present advantages and disadvantages

Brain image clustering by wavelet energy and CBSSO optimization algorithm

Previously, the diagnosis of brain abnormality was significantly important in the saving of social and hospital resources. Wavelet energy is known as an effective feature detection which has great efficiency in different utilities. This paper suggests a new method based on wavelet energy to automatically classify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain images into two groups (normal and abnormal), utilizing support vector machine (SVM) classification based on chaotic binary shark smell optimization (CBSSO) to optimize the SVM weights. The results of the suggested CBSSO-based KSVM are compared favorably to several other methods in terms of better sensitivity and authenticity. The proposed CAD system can additionally be utilized to categorize the images with various pathological conditions, types, and illness modes

Learning to Control Differential Evolution Operators

Evolutionary algorithms are widely used for optimsation by researchers in academia and industry. These algorithms have parameters, which have proven to highly determine the performance of an algorithm. For many decades, researchers have focused on determining optimal parameter values for an algorithm. Each parameter configuration has a performance value attached to it that is used to determine a good configuration for an algorithm. Parameter values depend on the problem at hand and are known to be set in two ways, by means of offline and online selection. Offline tuning assumes that the performance value of a configuration remains same during all generations in a run whereas online tuning assumes that the performance value varies from one generation to another. This thesis presents various adaptive approaches each learning from a range of feedback received from the evolutionary algorithm. The contributions demonstrate the benefits of utilising online and offline learning together at different levels for a particular task. Offline selection has been utilised to tune the hyper-parameters of proposed adaptive methods that control the parameters of evolutionary algorithm on-the-fly. All the contributions have been presented to control the mutation strategies of the differential evolution. The first contribution demonstrates an adaptive method that is mapped as markov reward process. It aims to maximise the cumulative future reward. Next chapter unifies various adaptive methods from literature that can be utilised to replicate existing methods and test new ones. The hyper-parameters of methods in first two chapters are tuned by an offline configurator, irace. Last chapter proposes four methods utilising deep reinforcement learning model. To test the applicability of the adaptive approaches presented in the thesis, all methods are compared to various adaptive methods from literature, variants of differential evolution and other state-of-the-art algorithms on various single objective noiseless problems from benchmark set, BBOB

Survey analysis for optimization algorithms applied to electroencephalogram

This paper presents a survey for optimization approaches that analyze and classify Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The automatic analysis of EEG presents a significant challenge due to the high-dimensional data volume. Optimization algorithms seek to achieve better accuracy by selecting practical features and reducing unwanted features. Forty-seven reputable research papers are provided in this work, emphasizing the developed and executed techniques divided into seven groups based on the applied optimization algorithm particle swarm optimization (PSO), ant colony optimization (ACO), artificial bee colony (ABC), grey wolf optimizer (GWO), Bat, Firefly, and other optimizer approaches). The main measures to analyze this paper are accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score assessment. Several datasets have been utilized in the included papers like EEG Bonn University, CHB-MIT, electrocardiography (ECG) dataset, and other datasets. The results have proven that the PSO and GWO algorithms have achieved the highest accuracy rate of around 99% compared with other techniques

Comprehensive Review on Detection and Classification of Power Quality Disturbances in Utility Grid With Renewable Energy Penetration

The global concern with power quality is increasing due to the penetration of renewable energy (RE) sources to cater the energy demands and meet de-carbonization targets. Power quality (PQ) disturbances are found to be more predominant with RE penetration due to the variable outputs and interfacing converters. There is a need to recognize and mitigate PQ disturbances to supply clean power to the consumer. This article presents a critical review of techniques used for detection and classification PQ disturbances in the utility grid with renewable energy penetration. The broad perspective of this review paper is to provide various concepts utilized for extraction of the features to detect and classify the PQ disturbances even in the noisy environment. More than 220 research publications have been critically reviewed, classified and listed for quick reference of the engineers, scientists and academicians working in the power quality area