112,037 research outputs found
AI Clinics on Mobile (AICOM): Universal AI Doctors for the Underserved and Hard-to-Reach
This paper introduces Artificial Intelligence Clinics on Mobile (AICOM), an
open-source project devoted to answering the United Nations Sustainable
Development Goal 3 (SDG3) on health, which represents a universal recognition
that health is fundamental to human capital and social and economic
development. The core motivation for the AICOM project is the fact that over
80% of the people in the least developed countries (LDCs) own a mobile phone,
even though less than 40% of these people have internet access. Hence, through
enabling AI-based disease diagnostics and screening capability on affordable
mobile phones without connectivity will be a critical first step to addressing
healthcare access problems. The technologies developed in the AICOM project
achieve exactly this goal, and we have demonstrated the effectiveness of AICOM
on monkeypox screening tasks. We plan to continue expanding and open-sourcing
the AICOM platform, aiming for it to evolve into an universal AI doctor for the
Underserved and Hard-to-Reach
A survey on subjecting electronic product code and non-ID objects to IP identification
Over the last decade, both research on the Internet of Things (IoT) and
real-world IoT applications have grown exponentially. The IoT provides us with
smarter cities, intelligent homes, and generally more comfortable lives.
However, the introduction of these devices has led to several new challenges
that must be addressed. One of the critical challenges facing interacting with
IoT devices is to address billions of devices (things) around the world,
including computers, tablets, smartphones, wearable devices, sensors, and
embedded computers, and so on. This article provides a survey on subjecting
Electronic Product Code and non-ID objects to IP identification for IoT
devices, including their advantages and disadvantages thereof. Different
metrics are here proposed and used for evaluating these methods. In particular,
the main methods are evaluated in terms of their: (i) computational overhead,
(ii) scalability, (iii) adaptability, (iv) implementation cost, and (v) whether
applicable to already ID-based objects and presented in tabular format.
Finally, the article proves that this field of research will still be ongoing,
but any new technique must favorably offer the mentioned five evaluative
parameters.Comment: 112 references, 8 figures, 6 tables, Journal of Engineering Reports,
Wiley, 2020 (Open Access
IPv6 Network Mobility
Network Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting has
been used since before the days of the Internet as we know it
today. Authentication asks the question, âWho or what are
you?â Authorization asks, âWhat are you allowed to do?â And fi nally,
accounting wants to know, âWhat did you do?â These fundamental
security building blocks are being used in expanded ways today. The
fi rst part of this two-part series focused on the overall concepts of
AAA, the elements involved in AAA communications, and highlevel
approaches to achieving specifi c AAA goals. It was published in
IPJ Volume 10, No. 1[0]. This second part of the series discusses the
protocols involved, specifi c applications of AAA, and considerations
for the future of AAA
Global Banking after the GFC: Lessons for India
This paper is based on a keynote presentation at the 2nd Pan IIM World Management Conference hosted by the IIM in Kozhikode (IIMK) in November 2014. It draws lessons from the âGlobalâ Financial Crisis for the governance, regulation and structural reform of banking, as well as monetary policy in a globalising financial system. Lessons are also drawn from the Eurozone Crisis, the Asian Financial Crisis and China. The focus then turns to lessons for India with regard to banking and economic growth, financial sector development, and addressing market failures in SME and infrastructural finance. It concludes that the appropriate extent of state ownership of banks and the process for reducing it, whilst also recapitalising banks, along with the development of capital markets, should be an integral part of Indiaâs wider structural reform programme
Solutions for IPv6-based mobility in the EU project MobyDick
Proceedings of the WTC 2002, 18th World Telecommunications Congress, Paris, France, 22 -27 September, 2002.Mobile Internet technology is moving towards a packet-based or, more precisely, IPv6-based network. Current solutions on Mobile IPv6 and other related QoS and AAA matters do not offer the security and quality users have come to take for granted. The EU IST project Moby Dick has taken on the challenge of providing a solution that integrates QoS, mobility and AAA in a heterogeneous access environment. This paper focuses on the mobility part of the project, describes and justifies the handover approach taken, shows how QoS-aware and secure handover is achieved, and introduces the project's paging concept. It shows that a transition to a fully integrated IP-RAN and IP-Backbone has become a distinct option for the future.Publicad
Architectural Considerations for a Self-Configuring Routing Scheme for Spontaneous Networks
Decoupling the permanent identifier of a node from the node's
topology-dependent address is a promising approach toward completely scalable
self-organizing networks. A group of proposals that have adopted such an
approach use the same structure to: address nodes, perform routing, and
implement location service. In this way, the consistency of the routing
protocol relies on the coherent sharing of the addressing space among all nodes
in the network. Such proposals use a logical tree-like structure where routes
in this space correspond to routes in the physical level. The advantage of
tree-like spaces is that it allows for simple address assignment and
management. Nevertheless, it has low route selection flexibility, which results
in low routing performance and poor resilience to failures. In this paper, we
propose to increase the number of paths using incomplete hypercubes. The design
of more complex structures, like multi-dimensional Cartesian spaces, improves
the resilience and routing performance due to the flexibility in route
selection. We present a framework for using hypercubes to implement indirect
routing. This framework allows to give a solution adapted to the dynamics of
the network, providing a proactive and reactive routing protocols, our major
contributions. We show that, contrary to traditional approaches, our proposal
supports more dynamic networks and is more robust to node failures
How a Diverse Research Ecosystem Has Generated New Rehabilitation Technologies: Review of NIDILRRâs Rehabilitation Engineering Research Centers
Over 50 million United States citizens (1 in 6 people in the US) have a developmental, acquired, or degenerative disability. The average US citizen can expect to live 20% of his or her life with a disability. Rehabilitation technologies play a major role in improving the quality of life for people with a disability, yet widespread and highly challenging needs remain. Within the US, a major effort aimed at the creation and evaluation of rehabilitation technology has been the Rehabilitation Engineering Research Centers (RERCs) sponsored by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research. As envisioned at their conception by a panel of the National Academy of Science in 1970, these centers were intended to take a âtotal approach to rehabilitationâ, combining medicine, engineering, and related science, to improve the quality of life of individuals with a disability. Here, we review the scope, achievements, and ongoing projects of an unbiased sample of 19 currently active or recently terminated RERCs. Specifically, for each center, we briefly explain the needs it targets, summarize key historical advances, identify emerging innovations, and consider future directions. Our assessment from this review is that the RERC program indeed involves a multidisciplinary approach, with 36 professional fields involved, although 70% of research and development staff are in engineering fields, 23% in clinical fields, and only 7% in basic science fields; significantly, 11% of the professional staff have a disability related to their research. We observe that the RERC program has substantially diversified the scope of its work since the 1970âs, addressing more types of disabilities using more technologies, and, in particular, often now focusing on information technologies. RERC work also now often views users as integrated into an interdependent society through technologies that both people with and without disabilities co-use (such as the internet, wireless communication, and architecture). In addition, RERC research has evolved to view users as able at improving outcomes through learning, exercise, and plasticity (rather than being static), which can be optimally timed. We provide examples of rehabilitation technology innovation produced by the RERCs that illustrate this increasingly diversifying scope and evolving perspective. We conclude by discussing growth opportunities and possible future directions of the RERC program
System Design of Internet-of-Things for Residential Smart Grid
Internet-of-Things (IoTs) envisions to integrate, coordinate, communicate,
and collaborate real-world objects in order to perform daily tasks in a more
intelligent and efficient manner. To comprehend this vision, this paper studies
the design of a large scale IoT system for smart grid application, which
constitutes a large number of home users and has the requirement of fast
response time. In particular, we focus on the messaging protocol of a universal
IoT home gateway, where our cloud enabled system consists of a backend server,
unified home gateway (UHG) at the end users, and user interface for mobile
devices. We discuss the features of such IoT system to support a large scale
deployment with a UHG and real-time residential smart grid applications. Based
on the requirements, we design an IoT system using the XMPP protocol, and
implemented in a testbed for energy management applications. To show the
effectiveness of the designed testbed, we present some results using the
proposed IoT architecture.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, journal pape
Building consensus on Internet access at the Internet Governance Forum (IGF)
This paper identifies and documents the main areas of discussions and 'recommendations' that were generated under the Access theme at the second Internet Governance Forum in Rio De Janeiro, November 2007. Whilst recognising that the IGF is currently viewed and operates primarily as a space for discussion, the paper finds that (specifically in the case of Access) it is also a space in which commonality of opinion occurs to the level at which 'recommendations' can be made and repeatedly asserted independently/individually in the workshops, and strategically reinforced at different levels of the IGF. The Internet Governance Forum (IGF) is a space for multi-stakeholder policy dialogue, set up in 2006 as a direct response to the deliberations of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS). The forum was created to (amongst other things) discuss public policy issues related to key elements of internet governance in order to foster the sustainability, robustness, security, stability and development of the internet. Its structure, function and working are addressed in paragraphs 73 to 79 of the WSIS Tunis Agenda
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