TRANSPARENCY PRIVACY CLASHING PARADIGMS IN A WEB 2.0 WORLD

A University of Utah Honors Think Tank 201

South American Expert Roundtable : increasing adaptive governance capacity for coping with unintended side effects of digital transformation

This paper presents the main messages of a South American expert roundtable (ERT) on the unintended side effects (unseens) of digital transformation. The input of the ERT comprised 39 propositions from 20 experts representing 11 different perspectives. The two-day ERT discussed the main drivers and challenges as well as vulnerabilities or unseens and provided suggestions for: (i) the mechanisms underlying major unseens; (ii) understanding possible ways in which rebound effects of digital transformation may become the subject of overarching research in three main categories of impact: development factors, society, and individuals; and (iii) a set of potential action domains for transdisciplinary follow-up processes, including a case study in Brazil. A content analysis of the propositions and related mechanisms provided insights in the genesis of unseens by identifying 15 interrelated causal mechanisms related to critical issues/concerns. Additionally, a cluster analysis (CLA) was applied to structure the challenges and critical developments in South America. The discussion elaborated the genesis, dynamics, and impacts of (groups of) unseens such as the digital divide (that affects most countries that are not included in the development of digital business, management, production, etc. tools) or the challenge of restructuring small- and medium-sized enterprises (whose service is digitally substituted by digital devices). We identify specific issues and effects (for most South American countries) such as lack of governmental structure, challenging geographical structures (e.g., inclusion in high-performance transmission power), or the digital readiness of (wide parts) of society. One scientific contribution of the paper is related to the presented methodology that provides insights into the phenomena, the causal chains underlying “wanted/positive” and “unwanted/negative” effects, and the processes and mechanisms of societal changes caused by digitalization

Significance of Monitoring and Control for Employees’ Felt Trust, Motivation, and Mastery

The aim of the current study is to investigate the importance of monitoring and employee control for employees’ felt trust, as well as felt trust as a mediating variable between monitoring and control, intrinsic motivation and mastery. A random sample of 3015 Norwegian employees was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. Monitoring was negatively related to employees’ felt trust, while employees’ control over decisions was related to higher felt trust. In turn, felt trust was related to employees’ intrinsic motivation and experience of mastery. Felt trust also partially mediated the relationship between employee control and intrinsic motivation, employee control and mastery, and entirely mediated the relationship between monitoring and intrinsic motivation and monitoring and mastery. The findings highlight the importance of felt trust for theory related to the workplace: Our findings support that employees are less intrinsically motivated if they are monitored because they feel less trusted

The enemy has passed through the gate: insider threats, the dark triad, and the challenges around security

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the potential role that the so-called “toxic triangle” (Padilla et al., 2007) can play in undermining the processes around effectiveness. It is the interaction between leaders, organisational members, and the environmental context in which those interactions occur that has the potential to generate dysfunctional behaviours and processes. The paper seeks to set out a set of issues that would seem to be worthy of further consideration within the Journal and which deal with the relationships between organisational effectiveness and the threats from insiders.<p></p> Design/methodology/approach – The paper adopts a systems approach to the threats from insiders and the manner in which it impacts on organisation effectiveness. The ultimate goal of the paper is to stimulate further debate and discussion around the issues.<p></p> Findings – The paper adds to the discussions around effectiveness by highlighting how senior managers can create the conditions in which failure can occur through the erosion of controls, poor decision making, and the creation of a culture that has the potential to generate failure. Within this setting, insiders can serve to trigger a series of failures by their actions and for which the controls in place are either ineffective or have been by-passed as a result of insider knowledge.<p></p> Research limitations/implications – The issues raised in this paper need to be tested empirically as a means of providing a clear evidence base in support of their relationships with the generation of organisational ineffectiveness.<p></p> Practical implications – The paper aims to raise awareness and stimulate thinking by practising managers around the role that the “toxic triangle” of issues can play in creating the conditions by which organisations can incubate the potential for crisis.<p></p> Originality/value – The paper seeks to bring together a disparate body of published work within the context of “organisational effectiveness” and sets out a series of dark characteristics that organisations need to consider if they are to avoid failure. The paper argues the case that effectiveness can be a fragile construct and that the mechanisms that generate failure also need to be actively considered when discussing what effectiveness means in practice.<p></p&gt

Libyan Journalists under Attack in Conflict Zone: The Challenges to Protect Transparency by Using Information and Communication Technology

Violence against journalists has increased in Libya, and many journalists have fled as a result of civil wars and Islamic groups such as ISIS, the main challenge for journalists covering war and conflict between civilians and Islamic groups such as ISIS. The article places a particular focus on the Investigation on political and financial corruption, the violations against Libyan journalists, and how can we protect Libyan journalists and the source of information?. Our findings suggest that journalist needs to increase collaboration among members of the journalist community to generate and promote a solution that will ultimately provide journalists with comprehensive protection, and the governments should respect for the profession of journalism itself which is fundamental to guarantee that journalists who gather information about war and conflict are protected. Reporters must investigate about the financial and political corruption issues.Finally, it’s necessary to amend the laws of the international community to be more protection for journalists not only through organizations but we should make a cooperation of all international organizations and agencies to protect journalists from killing and torture

Analysis of how perceptions of surveillance affect investigation journalism in South Africa

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Journalism and Media StudiesThere has recently been an intensifying discomfort about State spying on investigative journalists in South Africa. Journalists are harassed by what the media has now termed ‘rogue spies’. Hanton (2013) defines rogue spies as “trained intelligence operatives working outside of the usually accepted rules”. The findings show that investigative journalists are being spied on. Some of the respondents in this study say they have hard evidence to prove this, while others give a perspective account of their suspicions of being under surveillance. Findings furthermore show a growing trend of self-censoring among the respondents who argue that they merely try to protect their sources. Respondents say that even though surveillance of journalists is bad, it has made their journalism better and more responsible, as there is now no room for errors. In addition, findings show that there is a serious need for government to tighten the weak legislation and oversight on intelligence with regard to state security. Findings also show that the State’s effort to intimidate and harass whistleblowers strangles information flow from sources into the public domain. The study examines how perceptions of surveillance affect investigative journalism in South Africa. This study is located within the context of significant local investigative journalism events that deal with investigative journalists and their perception of surveillance.MT 201

Sociologizing corruption risk : organizational, agential and cultural determinants of public sector malfeasance

Publikacja stanowi socjologiczne spojrzenie na problematykę zagrożenia zachowaniami korupcyjnymi w instytucjach państwowych na przykładzie Służby Celnej RP. Istotą pracy jest przyjęcie możliwie szerokiej, wielopłaszczyznowej perspektywy na problem ryzyka korupcyjnego, w której zawierają się organizacyjne, podmiotowe oraz kulturowe uwarunkowania tego złożonego zjawiska społecznego. Przyjęcie takiej optyki badawczej umożliwia jednocześnie wpisanie niniejszej pracy w te nurty myśli socjologicznej, w których przyjmuje się założenie o konieczności wychodzenia poza sztywne ramy metodologii tradycyjnej, która opiera się na rozgraniczeniu między podmiotowością jednostek a strukturalno-systemowymi wymiarami życia społecznego. Książka jest adresowana do wszystkich osób, które są zainteresowane socjologią pracy, socjologią przestępczości, czy też ogólnie pojmowaną socjologią empiryczną. Wydanie publikacji w języku angielskim oznacza również, że tezy i obserwacje w niej zawarte mogą okazać się przydatne dla profesjonalistów badających problemy korupcji w ramach struktur Unii Europejskiej

Who Calls It? Actors and Accounts in the Social Construction of Organizational Moral Failure

In recent years, research on morality in organizational life has begun to examine how organizational conduct comes to be socially constructed as having failed to comply with a community's accepted morals. Researchers in this stream of research, however, have paid little attention to identifying and theorizing the key actors involved in these social construction processes and the types of accounts they construct. In this paper, we explore a set of key structural and cultural dimensions of apparent noncompliance that enable us to distinguish between four categories of actors who engage in constructing the label of moral failure: dominant insiders, watchdog organizations, professional members, and publics. The analysis further clarifies which category of actor is more likely to succeed in constructing the label of moral failure under which circumstances, and what accounts they are likely to use, namely scapegoating, prototyping, shaming, and protesting