3,809 research outputs found
Ontology-based Activity Recognition Framework and Services
This paper introduces an ontology-based integrated framework for activity modeling, activity recognition and activity model evolution. Central to the framework is ontological activity modeling and semantic-based activity recognition, which is supported by an iterative process that incrementally improves the completeness and accuracy of activity models. In addition, the paper presents a service-oriented architecture for the realization of the proposed framework which can provide activity context-aware services in a scalable distributed manner. The paper further describes and discusses the implementation and testing experience of the framework and services in the context of smart home based assistive living
Information technologies for astrophysics circa 2001
It is easy to extrapolate current trends to see where technologies relating to information systems in astrophysics and other disciplines will be by the end of the decade. These technologies include mineaturization, multiprocessing, software technology, networking, databases, graphics, pattern computation, and interdisciplinary studies. It is easy to see what limits our current paradigms place on our thinking about technologies that will allow us to understand the laws governing very large systems about which we have large datasets. Three limiting paradigms are saving all the bits collected by instruments or generated by supercomputers; obtaining technology for information compression, storage and retrieval off the shelf; and the linear mode of innovation. We must extend these paradigms to meet our goals for information technology at the end of the decade
Active aging in place supported by caregiver-centered modular low-cost platform
Aging in place happens when people age in the residence of their choice, usually their homes because
is their preference for living as long as possible. This research work is focused on the
conceptualization and implementation of a platform to support active aging in place with a particular
focus on the caregivers and their requirements to accomplish their tasks with comfort and supervision.
An engagement dimension is also a plus provided by the platform since it supports modules to make
people react to challenges, stimulating them to be naturally more active. The platform is supported
by IoT, using low-cost technology to increment the platform modularly. Is a modular platform capable
of responding to specific needs of seniors aging in place and their caregivers, obtaining data regarding
the person under supervision, as well as providing conditions for constant and more effective
monitoring, through modules and tools that support decision making and tasks realization for active
living. The constant monitoring allows knowing the routine of daily activities of the senior. The use
of machine learning techniques allows the platform to identify, in real-time, situations of potential
risk, allowing to trigger triage processes with the older adult, and consequently trigger the necessary
actions so that the caregiver can intervene in useful time.O envelhecimento no local acontece quando as pessoas envelhecem na residência da sua escolha,
geralmente nas suas próprias casas porque é a sua preferência para viver o máximo de tempo possível.
Este trabalho de investigação foca-se na conceptualização e implementação de uma plataforma de
apoio ao envelhecimento ativo no local, com particular enfoque nos cuidadores e nas suas
necessidades para cumprir as suas tarefas com conforto e supervisão. Uma dimensão de engajamento
também é um diferencial da plataforma, pois esta integra módulos de desafios para fazer as pessoas
reagirem aos mesmos, estimulando-as a serem naturalmente mais ativas. A plataforma é suportada
por IoT, utilizando tecnologia de baixo custo para incrementar a plataforma de forma modular. É uma
plataforma modular capaz de responder às necessidades específicas do envelhecimento dos idosos no
local e dos seus cuidadores, obtendo dados relativos à pessoa sob supervisão, bem como fornecendo
condições para um acompanhamento constante e mais eficaz, através de módulos e ferramentas que
apoiam a tomada de decisões e realização de tarefas para a vida ativa. A monitorização constante
permite conhecer a rotina das atividades diárias do idoso, permitindo que, com a utilização de técnicas
de machine learning, a plataforma seja capaz de detetar em tempo real situações de risco potencial,
permitindo desencadear um processo de triagem junto do idoso, e consequentemente despoletar as
ações necessárias para que o prestador de cuidados possa intervir em tempo útil
Navigating the IoT landscape: Unraveling forensics, security issues, applications, research challenges, and future
Given the exponential expansion of the internet, the possibilities of
security attacks and cybercrimes have increased accordingly. However, poorly
implemented security mechanisms in the Internet of Things (IoT) devices make
them susceptible to cyberattacks, which can directly affect users. IoT
forensics is thus needed for investigating and mitigating such attacks. While
many works have examined IoT applications and challenges, only a few have
focused on both the forensic and security issues in IoT. Therefore, this paper
reviews forensic and security issues associated with IoT in different fields.
Future prospects and challenges in IoT research and development are also
highlighted. As demonstrated in the literature, most IoT devices are vulnerable
to attacks due to a lack of standardized security measures. Unauthorized users
could get access, compromise data, and even benefit from control of critical
infrastructure. To fulfil the security-conscious needs of consumers, IoT can be
used to develop a smart home system by designing a FLIP-based system that is
highly scalable and adaptable. Utilizing a blockchain-based authentication
mechanism with a multi-chain structure can provide additional security
protection between different trust domains. Deep learning can be utilized to
develop a network forensics framework with a high-performing system for
detecting and tracking cyberattack incidents. Moreover, researchers should
consider limiting the amount of data created and delivered when using big data
to develop IoT-based smart systems. The findings of this review will stimulate
academics to seek potential solutions for the identified issues, thereby
advancing the IoT field.Comment: 77 pages, 5 figures, 5 table
Análisis Urbano y Comunidades Inteligentes: Una Aproximación al Empleo de la Tecnología en la Movilidad Cotidiana
Concentration of population in urban centers is a global problem for which different strategies in order to organize different processes in cities and improve the quality of life are required. The creation of smart communities is shown as a sustainable solution since they deal with various key aspects, such as traffic management and mobility, through the use of information technologies (ITs). This work presents a review of recent studies using information technologies for urban analysis and mobility in cities. A descriptive analysis of automated methods for collecting and analyzing citizens’ mobility patterns is performed; it is centered in smart card use, geolocation and geotagging. It is concluded that a robust communication infrastructure, supported by an efficient computational platform allowing big data management and ubiquitous computing, is a crucial aspect for urban management in a smart communityLa concentración de la población en los centros urbanos es una problemática mundial que requiere de estrategias que permitan organizar sus procesos y mejorar la calidad de vida. La creación de comunidades inteligentes se muestra como una solución sostenible, debido a que éstas trabajan aspectos claves para el desarrollo urbano, como la gestión de tráfico y la movilidad, apoyada en las tecnologías de la información (TICs). Este trabajo presenta una revisión del estado del arte en cuanto a la aplicación de las TICs al análisis urbano y movilidad ciudadana. Se analizan descriptivamente diversos métodos automáticos para la recolección y el análisis del patrón de movilidad de los ciudadanos, enfocándose en el uso de tarjetas inteligentes, geolocalización y geoetiquetado. Se encuentra que una infraestructura de comunicaciones robusta, apoyada en una plataforma computacional ágil con manejo de grandes datos y computación ubicua, es primordial para la gestión urbana en una comunidad inteligente
Análisis urbano y comunidades inteligentes: “una aproximación al empleo de la tecnología en la movilidad cotidiana”
Concentration of population in urban centers
is a global problem for which different strategies in
order to organize different processes in cities and improve
the quality of life are required. The creation of
smart communities is shown as a sustainable solution
since they deal with various key aspects, such as traffc
management and mobility, through the use of information
technologies (ITs). This work presents a review of
recent studies using information technologies for urban
analysis and mobility in cities. A descriptive analysis
of automated methods for collecting and analyzing citizens’
mobility patterns is performed; it is centered in
smart card use, geolocation and geotagging. It is concluded
that a robust communication infrastructure, supported
by an effcient computational platform allowing
big data management and ubiquitous computing, is a
crucial aspect for urban management in a smart community.La concentración de la población en los centros
urbanos es una problemática mundial que requiere de estrategias
que permitan organizar sus procesos y mejorar
la calidad de vida. La creación de comunidades inteligentes
se muestra como una solución sostenible, debido a que
éstas trabajan aspectos claves para el desarrollo urbano,
como la gestión de tráfco y la movilidad, apoyada en las
tecnologías de la información (TICs). Este trabajo presenta
una revisión del estado del arte en cuanto a la aplicación
de las TICs al análisis urbano y movilidad ciudadana. Se
analizan descriptivamente diversos métodos automáticos
para la recolección y el análisis del patrón de movilidad de
los ciudadanos, enfocándose en el uso de tarjetas inteligentes,
geolocalización y geoetiquetado. Se encuentra que una
infraestructura de comunicaciones robusta, apoyada en
una plataforma computacional ágil con manejo de grandes
datos y computación ubicua, es primordial para la gestión
urbana en una comunidad inteligente
A hierarchal framework for recognising activities of daily life
PhDIn today’s working world the elderly who are dependent can sometimes be
neglected by society. Statistically, after toddlers it is the elderly who are observed
to have higher accident rates while performing everyday activities. Alzheimer’s
disease is one of the major impairments that elderly people suffer from, and leads
to the elderly person not being able to live an independent life due to forgetfulness.
One way to support elderly people who aspire to live an independent life and
remain safe in their home is to find out what activities the elderly person is
carrying out at a given time and provide appropriate assistance or institute
safeguards.
The aim of this research is to create improved methods to identify tasks related to
activities of daily life and determine a person’s current intentions and so reason
about that person’s future intentions. A novel hierarchal framework has been
developed, which recognises sensor events and maps them to significant activities
and intentions. As privacy is becoming a growing concern, the monitoring of an
individual’s behaviour can be seen as intrusive. Hence, the monitoring is based
around using simple non intrusive sensors and tags on everyday objects that are
used to perform daily activities around the home. Specifically there is no use of
any cameras or visual surveillance equipment, though the techniques developed
are still relevant in such a situation.
Models for task recognition and plan recognition have been developed and tested
on scenarios where the plans can be interwoven. Potential targets are people in the
first stages of Alzheimer’s disease and in the structuring of the library of kernel
plan sequences, typical routines used to sustain meaningful activity have been
used. Evaluations have been carried out using volunteers conducting activities of
daily life in an experimental home environment. The results generated from the
sensors have been interpreted and analysis of developed algorithms has been
made. The outcomes and findings of these experiments demonstrate that the
developed hierarchal framework is capable of carrying activity recognition as well
as being able to carry out intention analysis, e.g. predicting what activity they are
most likely to carry out next
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