21 research outputs found

    19th Brazilian Logic Conference: Book of Abstracts

    Get PDF
    This is the book of abstracts of the 19th Brazilian Logic Conferences. The Brazilian Logic Conferences (EBL) is one of the most traditional logic conferences in South America. Organized by the Brazilian Logic Society (SBL), its main goal is to promote the dissemination of research in logic in a broad sense. It has been occurring since 1979, congregating logicians of different fields — mostly philosophy, mathematics and computer science — and with different backgrounds — from undergraduate students to senior researchers. The meeting is an important moment for the Brazilian and South American logical community to join together and discuss recent developments of the field. The areas of logic covered in the conference spread over foundations and philosophy of science, analytic philosophy, philosophy and history of logic, mathematics, computer science, informatics, linguistics and artificial intelligence. Previous editions of the EBL have been a great success, attracting researchers from all over Latin America and elsewhere. The 19th edition of EBL takes place from May 6-10, 2019, in the beautiful city of JoĂŁo Pessoa, at the northeast coast of Brazil. It is conjointly organized by Federal University of ParaĂ­ba (UFPB), whose main campus is located in JoĂŁo Pessoa, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), whose main campus is located in the nearby city of Campina Grande (the second-largest city in ParaĂ­ba state) and SBL. It is sponsored by UFPB, UFCG, the Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and the State Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of ParaĂ­ba. It takes place at Hotel Luxxor Nord TambaĂș, privileged located right in front TambaĂș beach, one of JoĂŁo Pessoa’s most famous beaches

    Proof-theoretic Semantics for Intuitionistic Multiplicative Linear Logic

    Get PDF
    This work is the first exploration of proof-theoretic semantics for a substructural logic. It focuses on the base-extension semantics (B-eS) for intuitionistic multiplicative linear logic (IMLL). The starting point is a review of Sandqvist’s B-eS for intuitionistic propositional logic (IPL), for which we propose an alternative treatment of conjunction that takes the form of the generalized elimination rule for the connective. The resulting semantics is shown to be sound and complete. This motivates our main contribution, a B-eS for IMLL , in which the definitions of the logical constants all take the form of their elimination rule and for which soundness and completeness are established

    Hyper Natural Deduction for Gödel Logic—A natural deduction system for parallel reasoning

    Get PDF
    We introduce a system of Hyper Natural Deduction for Gödel Logic as an extension of Gentzen’s system of Natural Deduction. A deduction in this system consists of a finite set of derivations which uses the typical rules of Natural Deduction, plus additional rules providing means for communication between derivations. We show that our system is sound and complete for infinite-valued propositional Gödel Logic, by giving translations to and from Avron’s Hypersequent Calculus. We provide conversions for normalization extending usual conversions for Natural Deduction and prove the existence of normal forms for Hyper Natural Deduction for Gödel Logic. We show that normal deductions satisfy the subformula property

    Model and Proof Theory of Constructive ALC, Constructive Description Logics

    Get PDF
    Description logics (DLs) represent a widely studied logical formalism with a significant impact in the field of knowledge representation and the Semantic Web. However, they are equipped with a classical descriptive semantics that is characterised by a platonic notion of truth, being insufficiently expressive to deal with evolving and incomplete information, as from data streams or ongoing processes. Such partially determined and incomplete knowledge can be expressed by relying on a constructive semantics. This thesis investigates the model and proof theory of a constructive variant of the basic description logic ALC, called cALC. The semantic dimension of constructive DLs is investigated by replacing the classical binary truth interpretation of ALC with a constructive notion of truth. This semantic characterisation is crucial to represent applications with partial information adequately, and to achieve both consistency under abstraction as well as robustness under refinement, and on the other hand is compatible with the Curry-Howard isomorphism in order to form the cornerstone for a DL-based type theory. The proof theory of cALC is investigated by giving a sound and complete Hilbert-style axiomatisation, a Gentzen-style sequent calculus and a labelled tableau calculus showing finite model property and decidability. Moreover, cALC can be strengthened towards normal intuitionistic modal logics and classical ALC in terms of sound and complete extensions and hereby forms a starting point for the systematic investigation of a constructive correspondence theory.Beschreibungslogiken (BLen) stellen einen vieluntersuchten logischen Formalismus dar, der den Bereich der WissensreprĂ€sentation und das Semantic Web signifikant geprĂ€gt hat. Allerdings basieren BLen meist auf einer klassischen deskriptiven Semantik, die gekennzeichnet ist durch einen idealisierten Wahrheitsbegriff nach Platons Ideenlehre, weshalb diese unzureichend ausdrucksstark sind, um in Entwicklung befindliches und unvollstĂ€ndiges Wissen zu reprĂ€sentieren, wie es beispielsweise durch Datenströme oder fortlaufende Prozesse generiert wird. Derartiges partiell festgelegtes und unvollstĂ€ndiges Wissen lĂ€sst sich auf der Basis einer konstruktiven Semantik ausdrĂŒcken. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Model- und Beweistheorie einer konstruktiven Variante der Basis-BL ALC, die im Folgenden als cALC bezeichnet wird. Die Semantik dieser konstruktiven Beschreibungslogik resultiert daraus, die traditionelle zweiwertige Interpretation logischer Aussagen des Systems ALC durch einen konstruktiven Wahrheitsbegriff zu ersetzen. Eine derartige Interpretation ist die Voraussetzung dafĂŒr, um einerseits Anwendungen mit partiellem Wissen angemessen zu reprĂ€sentieren, und sowohl die Konsistenz logischer Aussagen unter Abstraktion als auch ihre Robustheit unter Verfeinerung zu gewĂ€hrleisten, und andererseits um den Grundstein fĂŒr eine Beschreibungslogik-basierte Typentheorie gemĂ€ĂŸ dem Curry-Howard Isomorphismus zu legen. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung der Beweistheorie von cALC umfassen eine vollstĂ€ndige und korrekte Hilbert Axiomatisierung, einen Gentzen SequenzenkalkĂŒl, und ein semantisches TableaukalkĂŒl, sowie Beweise zur endlichen Modelleigenschaft und Entscheidbarkeit. DarĂŒber hinaus kann cALC zu normaler intuitionistischer Modallogik und klassischem ALC durch vollstĂ€ndige und korrekte Erweiterungen ausgebaut werden, und bildet damit einen Startpunkt fĂŒr die systematische Untersuchung einer konstruktiven Korrespondenztheorie

    Totuus, todistettavuus ja gödelilÀiset argumentit : Tarskilaisen totuuden puolustus matematiikassa

    Get PDF
    ErĂ€s tĂ€rkeimmistĂ€ kysymyksistĂ€ matematiikanfilosofiassa on totuuden ja formaalin todistettavuuden vĂ€linen suhde. Kantaa, jonka mukaan nĂ€mĂ€ kaksi kĂ€sitettĂ€ ovat yksi ja sama, kutsutaan deflationismiksi, ja vastakkaista nĂ€kökulmaa substantialismiksi. EnsimmĂ€isessĂ€ epĂ€tĂ€ydellisyyslauseessaan Kurt Gödel todisti, ettĂ€ kaikki ristiriidattomat ja aritmetiikan sisĂ€ltĂ€vĂ€t formaalit systeemit sisĂ€ltĂ€vĂ€t lauseita, joita ei voida sen enempÀÀ todistaa kuin osoittaa epĂ€tosiksi kyseisen systeemin sisĂ€llĂ€. TĂ€llaiset Gödel-lauseet voidaan kuitenkin osoittaa tosiksi, jos laajennamme formaalia systeemiĂ€ Alfred Tarskin semanttisella totuusteorialla, kuten Stewart Shapiro ja Jeffrey Ketland ovat nĂ€yttĂ€neet semanttisissa argumenteissaan substantialismin puolesta. HeidĂ€n mukaansa Gödel-lauseet ovat eksplisiittinen tapaus todesta lauseesta, jota ei voida todistaa, ja siten deflationismi on kumottu. TĂ€tĂ€ vastaan Neil Tennant on nĂ€yttĂ€nyt, ettĂ€ tarskilaisen totuuden sijaan voimme laajentaa formaalia systeemiĂ€ ns. pĂ€tevyysperiaatteella, jonka mukaan kaikki todistettavat lauseet ovat ”vĂ€itettĂ€vissĂ€â€, ja josta seuraa myös Gödel-lauseiden vĂ€itettĂ€vyys. Relevantti kysymys ei siis ole se pystytÀÀnkö Gödel-lauseiden totuus osoittamaan, vaan se onko tarskilainen totuus hyvĂ€ksyttĂ€vĂ€mpi laajennus kuin pĂ€tevyysperiaate. TĂ€ssĂ€ työssĂ€ vĂ€itĂ€n, ettĂ€ tĂ€tĂ€ ongelmaa on paras lĂ€hestyĂ€ ajattelemalla matematiikkaa ilmiönĂ€, joka on laajempi kuin pelkĂ€stÀÀn formaalit systeemit. Kun otamme huomioon esiformaalin matemaattisen ajattelun, huomaamme ettĂ€ tarskilainen totuus ei itse asiassa ole laajennus lainkaan. VĂ€itĂ€n, ettĂ€ totuus on esiformaalissa matematiikassa sitĂ€ mitĂ€ todistettavuus on formaalissa, ja tarskilainen semanttinen totuuskĂ€sitys kuvaa tĂ€tĂ€ suhdetta tarkasti. Deflationisti voi kuitenkin argumentoida, ettĂ€ vaikka esiformaali matematiikka on olemassa, voi se silti olla filosofisesti merkityksetöntĂ€ mikĂ€li se ei viittaa mihinkÀÀn objektiiviseen. TĂ€tĂ€ vastaan vĂ€itĂ€n, ettĂ€ kaikki todella deflationistiset teoriat johtavat matematiikan mielivaltaisuuteen. Kaikissa muissa matematiikanfilosofisissa teorioissa on tilaa objektiiviselle viittaukselle, ja laajennus tarskilaiseen totuuteen voidaan tehdĂ€ luonnollisesti. VĂ€itĂ€n siis, ettĂ€ mikĂ€li matematiikan mielivaltaisuus hylĂ€tÀÀn, tĂ€ytyy hyvĂ€ksyĂ€ totuuden substantiaalisuus. Muita tĂ€hĂ€n liittyviĂ€ aiheita, kuten uusfregelĂ€isyyttĂ€, kĂ€sitellÀÀn myös tĂ€ssĂ€ työssĂ€, eikĂ€ niiden todeta poistavan tarvetta tarskilaiselle totuudelle. Ainoa jĂ€ljelle jÀÀvĂ€ mahdollisuus deflationistille on vaihtaa logiikkaa niin, ettĂ€ formaalit kielet voivat sisĂ€ltÀÀ omat totuuspredikaattinsa. Tarski osoitti tĂ€mĂ€n mahdottomaksi klassisille ensimmĂ€isen kertaluvun kielille, mutta muilla logiikoilla ei vĂ€lttĂ€mĂ€ttĂ€ olisi lainkaan tarvetta laajentaa formaaleja systeemejĂ€, ja yllĂ€ esitetty argumentti ei pĂ€tisi. Vaihtoehtoisista tavoista keskityn tĂ€ssĂ€ työssĂ€ eniten Jaakko Hintikan ja Gabriel Sandun ”riippumattomuusystĂ€vĂ€lliseen” IF-logiikkaan. Hintikka on vĂ€ittĂ€nyt, ettĂ€ IF-kieli voi sisĂ€ltÀÀ oman adekvaatin totuuspredikaattinsa. VĂ€itĂ€n kuitenkin, ettĂ€ vaikka tĂ€mĂ€ onkin totta, tĂ€tĂ€ predikaattia ei voida tunnistaa totuuspredikaatiksi saman IF-kielen sisĂ€isesti, ja siten tarve tarskilaiselle totuudelle sĂ€ilyy. IF-logiikan lisĂ€ksi myös toisen kertaluvun klassinen logiikka ja Saul Kripken kĂ€yttĂ€mĂ€ Kleenen logiikka epĂ€onnistuvat samalla tavalla

    Certificates for Incremental Type Checking

    Get PDF
    The central topic of this thesis is the study of algorithms for type checking, both from the programming language and from the proof-theoretic point of view. A type checking algorithm takes a program or a proof, represented as a syntactical object, and checks its validity with respect to a specification or a statement. It is a central piece of compilers and proof assistants. We postulate that since type checkers are at the interface between proof theory and program theory, their study can let these two fields mutually enrich each other. We argue by two main instances: first, starting from the problem of proof reuse, we develop an incremental type checker; secondly, starting from a type checking program, we evidence a novel correspondence between natural deduction and the sequent calculus

    The New Trivium

    Get PDF

    K + K = 120 : Papers dedicated to LĂĄszlĂł KĂĄlmĂĄn and AndrĂĄs Kornai on the occasion of their 60th birthdays

    Get PDF

    Logical disagreement : an epistemological study

    Get PDF
    While the epistemic signiïŹcance of disagreement has been a popular topic in epistemology for at least a decade, little attention has been paid to logical disagreement. This monograph is meant as a remedy. The text starts with an extensive literature review of the epistemology of (peer) disagreement and sets the stage for an epistemological study of logical disagreement. The guiding thread for the rest of the work is then three distinct readings of the ambiguous term ‘logical disagreement’. Chapters 1 and 2 focus on the Ad Hoc Reading according to which logical disagreements occur when two subjects take incompatible doxastic attitudes toward a speciïŹc proposition in or about logic. Chapter 2 presents a new counterexample to the widely discussed Uniqueness Thesis. Chapters 3 and 4 focus on the Theory Choice Reading of ‘logical disagreement’. According to this interpretation, logical disagreements occur at the level of entire logical theories rather than individual entailment-claims. Chapter 4 concerns a key question from the philosophy of logic, viz., how we have epistemic justiïŹcation for claims about logical consequence. In Chapters 5 and 6 we turn to the Akrasia Reading. On this reading, logical disagreements occur when there is a mismatch between the deductive strength of one’s background logic and the logical theory one prefers (oïŹƒcially). Chapter 6 introduces logical akrasia by analogy to epistemic akrasia and presents a novel dilemma. Chapter 7 revisits the epistemology of peer disagreement and argues that the epistemic signiïŹcance of central principles from the literature are at best deïŹ‚ated in the context of logical disagreement. The chapter also develops a simple formal model of deep disagreement in Default Logic, relating this to our general discussion of logical disagreement. The monograph ends in an epilogue with some reïŹ‚ections on the potential epistemic signiïŹcance of convergence in logical theorizing
    corecore