A Unifying Theory for Graph Transformation

The field of graph transformation studies the rule-based transformation of graphs. An important branch is the algebraic graph transformation tradition, in which approaches are defined and studied using the language of category theory. Most algebraic graph transformation approaches (such as DPO, SPO, SqPO, and AGREE) are opinionated about the local contexts that are allowed around matches for rules, and about how replacement in context should work exactly. The approaches also differ considerably in their underlying formal theories and their general expressiveness (e.g., not all frameworks allow duplication). This dissertation proposes an expressive algebraic graph transformation approach, called PBPO+, which is an adaptation of PBPO by Corradini et al. The central contribution is a proof that PBPO+ subsumes (under mild restrictions) DPO, SqPO, AGREE, and PBPO in the important categorical setting of quasitoposes. This result allows for a more unified study of graph transformation metatheory, methods, and tools. A concrete example of this is found in the second major contribution of this dissertation: a graph transformation termination method for PBPO+, based on decreasing interpretations, and defined for general categories. By applying the proposed encodings into PBPO+, this method can also be applied for DPO, SqPO, AGREE, and PBPO

The order of the factors matters:How digital transformation and servitization integrate more efficiently

This article draws on existing debates on standardization versus adaptation to propose two possible pathways for digital servitization. On the one hand, the standardization pathway posits that digital transformation enables servitized firms to make their service-based business model more standardized, and as a result, scalable. On the other hand, the adaptation pathway advocates that servitization enables highly digitalized firms to make their digital offerings more adaptable to heterogeneous customer needs, and as a result, customizable. We investigate which of these two paths integrates more effectively, and which one is thus likely to prevail in the long run. We use a purpose-built survey of 127 Spanish product firms to test these relationships using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), and test single- and multi-mediation models. The results corroborate the existence of both pathways, but also suggest that the standardization pathway contributes more to performance than the adaptation pathway. This is consistent with historical transitions in adoption (services existed before digital transformation) and services being dependent on digital technologies delivered remotely. These findings suggest the benefits of customization in digital servitization are lower than previous studies seem to imply, and provide important managerial implications

Transformation of the national legislation of Ukraine in the context of globalization

The article studies the directions of transformation of the national legislation of Ukraine in the context of globalization based on the dialectical method. Specifically, the notions “legislation” and “globalization” are analyzed; the meaning of the concepts of “national legislation of Ukraine” and “legal globalization” is specified; the factors which define features of transformation of the national legislation of Ukraine in modern conditions of globalization are established. As a result of the study it is proved that the main directions of transformation of the national legislation of Ukraine in the conditions of globalization are the following: borrowing the European (Western) legal tradition and its adaptation to the national legal system of Ukraine; reception of innovative legal institutions while preserving the national legal tradition; the influence of international law, first of all, the Acquis communautaire (adaptation of the national legislation of Ukraine to the law of the European Union); hierarchical (vertical) and sectoral (horizontal) structure of legislation, which is characteristic of the legal systems of the Romano-Germanic legal family; development of such types of normative activity of public authorities as systematization, codification, ordering, unification, etc. &nbsp

Introduction: Courting Catastrophe? Can Humanitarian Actions Contribute to Climate Change Adaptation?

Climate change introduces new challenges for humanitarian aid through changing hazard patterns. The linkages between climate change and humanitarian aid are complex. While humanitarian organisations deal directly with vulnerable populations, interventions and actions also form part of global politics and development pathways that are currently generating climate change, inequities and vulnerability. This IDS Bulletin represents a call for increasing engagement between humanitarian aid and adaptation interventions to support deliberate transformation of development pathways. Based on studies carried out as part of the ‘Courting Catastrophe’ project, we argue that humanitarian interventions offer several entry points and opportunities for a common agenda to drive transformational adaptation. Changes in political and financial frameworks are needed to facilitate longer-term actions; additionally, transformational adaptation demands moving from a mode of delivering expert advice and solutions to vulnerable populations, to taking up multiple vulnerability knowledges and making space for contestation of current development

Digital Communication Transformation in Sukabumi City Government

Central and regional governments must innovate in communication technology in the fourth industrial revolution. This study aims to identify and analyze the digital communication transformation in the government of Sukabumi City through the innovative use of communication technology. This study uses the Adaptive Structuring Theory (AST) theory, which studies the adaptation of new information technology within an organization. The methodology uses a qualitative approach with primary data collection through interviews with Diskominfo and the Sukabumi City Kelurahan. Meanwhile, the FGD was conducted with the community and sub-district staff of three sub-districts in Sukabumi City, namely Cisarua, Subang Jaya, and Cikole sub-districts. The results of this study accelerated the digital communication transformation in Sukabumi City’s electronic-based government system services (SPBE). Adaptation of technology in integrated organizations impacts government systems, civil servants, business actors, and the community. Sukabumi City’s government is transforming communication in public services, complaint applications, and population administration applications to become government and community media in communicating. Meanwhile, business actors are facilitated by the city government in implementing licensing and digital marketing communications presented through government social media, which helps increase consumer engagement

Towards a Philosophy of the Mobile Information Society

This introductory section of my present paper is a kind of report on the ongoing social science research programme I am directing: the project “Communications in the 21st Century”, launched in January 2001, conducted jointly by T-Mobile Hungary (until 2004 Westel Mobile) and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In the framework of the project a number of international conferences were held, on the basis of which altogether eleven volumes—four Hungarian, one German, and six English—have been published. I will first give a very brief summary of these volumes, and then provide a more detailed description of some of the main results we arrived at. The eleven volumes are witness to the history of the mobile phone between 2001 and 2007, no doubt the most dynamic aspect of the recent history of technological and social transformation. But most of all they amount to a first laying of the foundations for, and at the same time the awakening to consciousness and self-reflection of, a young discipline: the social science of mobile communication. Initially, research on problems pertaining to the mobile arose as an interdisciplinary task. From the interdisciplinary research, each of the participating disciplines pro?ted, being forced to take account, on the level of theory, of the new medium which by now has come to constitute their main communicational environment. As a consequence of this taking account of the new realities, by 2005 a transformation was occurring which today has clearly become irreversible: the internal adaptation of the social sciences to the world of mobile communications. At the same time, an autonomous line of research emerged, based on a set of wellestablished paradigms of its own: the social science of mobile communication, Mobile Studies. Both aspects of this juncture in the history of science are represented in Nyíri (2007a, 2007b), which on the one hand takes stock of the paradigmatic results of mobile studies, and on the other hand highlights some new perspectives of the social sciences becoming aware of their mobile environment

Courting Catastrophe? Humanitarian Policy and Practice in a Changing Climate

Humanitarian crises appear dramatic, overwhelming and sudden, with aid required immediately to save lives. Whereas climate change is about changing hazard patterns and crises are in reality rarely unexpected, with academic researchers and humanitarian and development organisations warning about possible risks for months before they take place. While humanitarian organisations deal directly with vulnerable populations, interventions are part of global politics and development pathways that are simultaneously generating climate change, inequities and vulnerability. So what is the level of convergence between humanitarian interventions and efforts to support adaptation to climate change, and what lessons can be drawn from current experience on the prospects for reducing the risk of climate change causing increased burdens on humanitarian interventions in the future? This IDS Bulletin is a call for increasing engagement between humanitarian aid and adaptation interventions to support deliberate transformation of development pathways. Based on studies from the ‘Courting Catastrophe’ project, contributors argue that humanitarian interventions offer opportunities for a common agenda to drive transformational adaptation. Changes in political and financial frameworks are needed to facilitate longer-term actions where demands move from delivering expert advice and solutions to vulnerable populations to taking up multiple vulnerability knowledges and making space for contestation of current development thinking. Yet while the humanitarian system could drive transformative adaptation, it should not bear responsibility alone. In this issue, alternative pathways and practical ways to support local alternatives and critical debates around these are illustrated, to demonstrate where humanitarian actions can most usefully contribute to transformation

“Where Words Fail, Music Speaks”: The Experience of Adapting Literature to Music

Adaptation is a relatively new yet growing academic field consisting mainly of research on the modification of book into film. This study endeavors to expand the discourse on adaptation to the modal transformation of literary works to music. By using this specific adaptive type to examine the process and functionality of adapted works, I was able to address several key aspects of modern adaptation, including the hot-button issue of fidelity to an established source text, the role of adaptor as co-author, and the ability of solitary artistic modes to augment each other when combined. The resulting personal attempts at adaptation of a short poem to an accompanied vocal composition and an unaccompanied choral work were accomplished by the practical application of adaptive theory presented in several documents on the strategies behind the adaptive process. In using an experience-based approach, this study provides a hands-on look at the complex processes involved in adaptation and contributes to the growing body of adaptation research. This venture came about as a result of the marriage of my two academic passions: music and literature. The initial idea surrounding the project was to study modern adaptive practice through several articles on the modification of book into film as well as Julie Sanders’ in-depth study of musical adaptations of the works of William Shakespeare, Shakespeare and Music: Afterlives and Borrowings. I began by engaging myself in the discourse of adaptation by composing responses to each article I read: Dudley Andrew’s “Adaptation,” “The Ethics of Infidelity” by Thomas Leitch, “Beyond Fidelity: The Dialogics of Adaptation” by Robert Stam, and Glenn Jellenik’s “Quiet, Music at Work: The Soundtrack and Adaptation.” Thoroughly immersed in the ideas and terminology surrounding modern adaptation, I then turned to Sanders’ book. My goals were to obtain a solid understanding of the many and varied musical settings of the timeless works of Shakespeare and then to take a more focused look at a single foray into a musical adaptation of one of the Bard’s works. My concentration landed on Romantic composer Johannes Brahms’ Ophelia Lieder, a German song cycle composed of five, short unaccompanied songs to be used in practical performances of Hamlet. I comprehensively examined Brahms’ illustration of the madness of Ophelia through musical techniques as well as his role as adaptive co-author to Shakespeare. Acquiring comprehension of the general thoughts and concepts surrounding adaptation and then delving into one particular transformation of written word into melody contributed greatly to my overall understanding of the process by which one mode is turned into another. However, I did not merely wish to analyze how adaptation is done; I wanted to put my money where my mouth was, so to speak, and apply what I had learned of the theory into practice by adapting a piece of literature myself. Though adaptation is a recently developed field of study and little has been written on the subject of transforming literary works into music in favor of book to film modal examinations, the discourse on the subject that has already been established provided me with a solid foundation of concepts and ideologies with which to rework my chosen source text into a musical setting. Building on this experience, I then took the adaptive process a step further by arranging a choral work based on the solo composition; in essence, I adapted my own adaptation. These two in-depth examinations of the hands-on experience of adapting provide an unprecedented look into the modal transformation of literature to music. Furthermore, the experiential approach to adaptation this study employs expands upon the growing body of discourse associated with adaptation in a different and compelling way. As adaptation between virtually all modes becomes more prevalent in our society and culture, studies will no doubt move into the limelight of the discipline. In response to the burgeoning growth of the subject, this study aims to build upon previous adaptive research while simultaneously providing a basis for future investigation into this new and exciting field

“Where Words Fail, Music Speaks”: The Experience of Adapting Literature to Music

Adaptation is a relatively new yet growing academic field consisting mainly of research on the modification of book into film. This study endeavors to expand the discourse on adaptation to the modal transformation of literary works to music. By using this specific adaptive type to examine the process and functionality of adapted works, I was able to address several key aspects of modern adaptation, including the hot-button issue of fidelity to an established source text, the role of adaptor as co-author, and the ability of solitary artistic modes to augment each other when combined. The resulting personal attempts at adaptation of a short poem to an accompanied vocal composition and an unaccompanied choral work were accomplished by the practical application of adaptive theory presented in several documents on the strategies behind the adaptive process. In using an experience-based approach, this study provides a hands-on look at the complex processes involved in adaptation and contributes to the growing body of adaptation research. This venture came about as a result of the marriage of my two academic passions: music and literature. The initial idea surrounding the project was to study modern adaptive practice through several articles on the modification of book into film as well as Julie Sanders’ in-depth study of musical adaptations of the works of William Shakespeare, Shakespeare and Music: Afterlives and Borrowings. I began by engaging myself in the discourse of adaptation by composing responses to each article I read: Dudley Andrew’s “Adaptation,” “The Ethics of Infidelity” by Thomas Leitch, “Beyond Fidelity: The Dialogics of Adaptation” by Robert Stam, and Glenn Jellenik’s “Quiet, Music at Work: The Soundtrack and Adaptation.” Thoroughly immersed in the ideas and terminology surrounding modern adaptation, I then turned to Sanders’ book. My goals were to obtain a solid understanding of the many and varied musical settings of the timeless works of Shakespeare and then to take a more focused look at a single foray into a musical adaptation of one of the Bard’s works. My concentration landed on Romantic composer Johannes Brahms’ Ophelia Lieder, a German song cycle composed of five, short unaccompanied songs to be used in practical performances of Hamlet. I comprehensively examined Brahms’ illustration of the madness of Ophelia through musical techniques as well as his role as adaptive co-author to Shakespeare. Acquiring comprehension of the general thoughts and concepts surrounding adaptation and then delving into one particular transformation of written word into melody contributed greatly to my overall understanding of the process by which one mode is turned into another. However, I did not merely wish to analyze how adaptation is done; I wanted to put my money where my mouth was, so to speak, and apply what I had learned of the theory into practice by adapting a piece of literature myself. Though adaptation is a recently developed field of study and little has been written on the subject of transforming literary works into music in favor of book to film modal examinations, the discourse on the subject that has already been established provided me with a solid foundation of concepts and ideologies with which to rework my chosen source text into a musical setting. Building on this experience, I then took the adaptive process a step further by arranging a choral work based on the solo composition; in essence, I adapted my own adaptation. These two in-depth examinations of the hands-on experience of adapting provide an unprecedented look into the modal transformation of literature to music. Furthermore, the experiential approach to adaptation this study employs expands upon the growing body of discourse associated with adaptation in a different and compelling way. As adaptation between virtually all modes becomes more prevalent in our society and culture, studies will no doubt move into the limelight of the discipline. In response to the burgeoning growth of the subject, this study aims to build upon previous adaptive research while simultaneously providing a basis for future investigation into this new and exciting field