Sensors and actuators in smart cities

With the city, from its earliest emergence in the Near East between 4500 and 3100 BCE, came a wide range of new discoveries and inventions, from synthetic materials to wheeled vehicles[...

An energy-efficient clustering protocol using fuzzy logic and network segmentation for heterogeneous WSN

Wireless sensor networks have become an emerging research area due to their importance in the present industrial application. The enlargement of network lifetime is the major limitation in WSN. Several routing protocols study the extension of lifespan in WSN. Routing protocols significantly influence on the global of energy consumption for sensors in WSN. It is essential to correct the energy efficiency performance of routing protocol in order to improve the lifetime. The protocols based on clustering are the most routing protocols in WSN to reduce energy consumption. The protocols dedicate to WSN have demonstrated their limitation in expanding the lifetime of the network. In this paper, we present Hybrid SEP protocol : Multi-zonal Fuzzy logic heterogeneous Clustering based on Stable Election Protocol (FMZ-SEP). The FMZ-SEP characterizes by four parameters: WSN segmentation (splitting the WSN into the triangle zones ), the Subtractive Clustering Method to determine a correct number of clusters, the FCM and the SEP protocol. The FMZ-SEP prolong the stability period and extend the lifetime. The simulation results point out that the stability period of FMZ-SEP. FMZ-SEP protocol outperforms of MZ-SEP, FSEP and SEP protocol by improving the network lifetime and the stability period

Data-driven urban management: Mapping the landscape

Big data analytics and artificial intelligence, paired with blockchain technology, the Internet of Things, and other emerging technologies, are poised to revolutionise urban management. With massive amounts of data collected from citizens, devices, and traditional sources such as routine and well-established censuses, urban areas across the world have – for the first time in history – the opportunity to monitor and manage their urban infrastructure in real-time. This simultaneously provides previously unimaginable opportunities to shape the future of cities, but also gives rise to new ethical challenges. This paper provides a transdisciplinary synthesis of the developments, opportunities, and challenges for urban management and planning under this ongoing ‘digital revolution’ to provide a reference point for the largely fragmented research efforts and policy practice in this area. We consider both top-down systems engineering approaches and the bottom-up emergent approaches to coordination of different systems and functions, their implications for the existing physical and institutional constraints on the built environment and various planning practices, as well as the social and ethical considerations associated with this transformation from non-digital urban management to data-driven urban management

The overview-analytical document of the international experience of building smart city

The population of the planet is constantly growing, people are moving to the cities. Recently, more and more interest is being given to smart cities as a guarantee of at least comfortable living of citizens, as a maximum – an ultramodern autonomous city with artificial intellect, anticipating the needs of residents, capable of functioning autonomously for a long time. The purpose of the article is to analyze the experience of smart cities, highlight the distinctive and common features and outline the initial stages of the route map for the development of a specific city into a smart city. After the study, it became clear that the concept of “smart city” is very broad, scientists are investing a huge number of parameters that characterize a smart city, but it was possible to identify common characteristics. Also, the hypothesis was tested that the city’s urbanization should be oriented towards the inhabitants of this city, i.е. implemented not by a single algorithm, but by an algorithm that is adapted to the needs of a particular city. We proposed a methodology for the preparatory stage of the city’s self-mastering, which is based on expert assessments by a prior ranking, includes 2 stages and which was tested on the example of Odessa (Ukraine). At the first stage, the questionnaire contained questions about the six main characteristics of a smart city. At this stage three characteristics were singled out, which are of particular concern to Odessa citizens and the second survey contained 36 clarifying questions only for these three characteristics. The results allowed to distinguish 6 characteristics from which it is necessary to start Odessa’s growth as a smart city

Hardware node for sensing temperature and humidity in a Mutiprotocol wireless sensor network (WSN)

En este proyecto presentamos un enfoque novedoso para una red de sensores inalámbricos de tecnología múltiple y protocolo (MTPWSN) para el monitoreo ambiental. Este enfoque utiliza múltiples tecnologías de red y protocolos para presentar un sistema más estable y una red más grande. Finalmente, un experimento comparativo para la WSN y cada una de las tecnologías que emplea fueron realizado. El experimento final fue una configuración para una red de sensores inalámbricos de tecnología avanzada. Esta configuración tenía un promedio de 95.5% de la recepción de paquetes no corruptos y se confirmaron 2.04% de paquetes dañados. El experimento concluyó con menos del 0.5% de la pérdida del paquete para una prueba de 8 horas.In this project we presented a novel approach to a Multi Technology and Protocol Wireless Sensor Network (MTPWSN) for environmental monitoring. This approach uses multiple networking technologies and protocols to present a more stable and larger network. Finally, a comparative experiment for the WSN and each of the technologies that it employs were performed. The final experiment was a set up for a working multi technology wireless sensor network. This set up had an average of 95.5% of uncorrupted package reception and were confirmed 2.04% of corrupted packages. The experiment concluded on less than 0.5% of package loss for an 8-hour trial.Magíster en Ingeniería ElectrónicaMaestrí