2,286 research outputs found

    Output frequency response function-based analysis for nonlinear Volterra systems

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    Analysis of nonlinear systems has been studied extensively. Based on some recently developed results, a new systematic approach to the analysis of nonlinear Volterra systems in the frequency domain is proposed in this paper, which provides a novel insight into the frequency domain analysis and design of nonlinear systems subject to a general input instead of only specific harmonic inputs using input-output experimental data. A general procedure to conduct an output frequency response function (OFRF) based analysis is given, and some fundamental results and techniques are established for this purpose. A case study for the analysis of a circuit system is provided to illustrate this new frequency domain method

    Metodologia Per la Caratterizzazione di amplificatori a basso rumore per UMTS

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    In questo lavoro si presenta una metodologia di progettazione elettronica a livello di sistema, affrontando il problema della caratterizzazione dello spazio di progetto dell' amplificatore a basso rumore costituente il primo stadio di un front end a conversione diretta per UMTS realizzato in tecnologia CMOS con lunghezza di canale .18u. La metodologia รจ sviluppata al fine di valutare in modo quantititativo le specifiche ottime di sistema per il front-end stesso e si basa sul concetto di Piattaforma Analogica, che prevede la costruzione di un modello di prestazioni per il blocco analogico basato su campionamento statistico di indici di prestazioni del blocco stesso, misurati tramite simulazione di dimensionamenti dei componenti attivi e passivi soddisfacenti un set di equazioni specifico della topologia circuitale. Gli indici di prestazioni vengono successivamente ulizzati per parametrizzare modelli comportamentali utilizzati nelle fasi di ottimizzazione a livello di sistema. Modelli comportamentali atti a rappresentare i sistemi RF sono stati pertanto studiati per ottimizzare la scelta delle metriche di prestazioni. L'ottimizzazione dei set di equazioni atti a selezionare le configurazione di interesse per il campionamento ha al tempo stesso richiesto l'approfondimento dei modelli di dispositivi attivi validi in tutte le regioni di funzionamento, e lo studio dettagliato della progettazione degli amplificatori a basso rumore basati su degenerazione induttiva. Inoltre, il problema della modellizzazione a livello di sistema degli effetti della comunicazione tra LNA e Mixer รจ stato affrontato proponendo e analizzando diverse soluzioni. Il lavoro ha permesso di condurre un'ottimizzazione del front-end UMTS, giungendo a specifiche ottime a livello di sistema per l'amplificatore stesso

    Mapping from parametric characteristics to generalized frequency response functions of nonlinear systems

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    Based on the parametric characteristic of the nth-order GFRF (Generalised Frequency Response Function) for nonlinear systems described by an NDE (nonlinear differential equation) model, a mapping function from the parametric characteristics to the GFRFs is established, by which the nth-order GFRF can directly be written into a more straightforward and meaningful form in terms of the first order GFRF, i.e., an ndegree polynomial function of the first order GFRF. The new expression has no recursive relationship between different order GFRFs, and demonstrates some new properties of the GFRFs which can explicitly unveil the linear and nonlinear factors included in the GFRFs, and reveal clearly the relationship between the nth-order GFRF and its parametric characteristic, and also the relationship between the nth-order GFRF and the first order GFRF. The new results provide a novel and useful insight into the frequency domain analysis and design of nonlinear systems based on the GFRFs. Several examples are given to illustrate the theoretical results

    Harmonic analysis of oscillators through standard numerical continuation tools

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    In this paper, we describe a numerical continuation method that enables harmonic analysis of nonlinear periodic oscillators. This method is formulated as a boundary value problem that can be readily implemented by resorting to a standard continuation package - without modification - such as AUTO, which we used. Our technique works for any kind of oscillator, including electronic, mechanical and biochemical systems. We provide two case studies. The first study concerns itself with the autonomous electronic oscillator known as the Colpitts oscillator, and the second one with a nonlinear damped oscillator, a non-autonomous mechanical oscillator. As shown in the case studies, the proposed technique can aid both the analysis and the design of the oscillators, by following curves for which a certain constraint, related to harmonic analysis, is fulfilled.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figure

    A nonlinear integral model of electron devices for HB circuit analysis

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    A technology-independent large-signal model of electron devices, the nonlinear integral model (NIM), is proposed. It is rigorously derived from the Volterra series under basic assumptions valid for most types of electron devices and is suitable for harmonic-balance circuit analysis. Unlike other Volterra-based approaches, the validity of the NIM is not limited to weakly nonlinear operation. In particular, the proposed model allows the large-signal dynamic response of an electron device to be directly computed on the basis of data obtained either by conventional measurements or by physics-based numerical simulations. In this perspective, it provides a valuable tool for linking accurate device simulations based on carrier transport physics and harmonic-balance circuit analysis algorithms. Simulations and experimental results, which confirm the validity of the NIM, are also presente

    The transmissibility of vibration isolators with a nonlinear anti-symmetric damping characteristic

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    In the present study, the concept of the Output Frequency Response Function (OFRF), recently proposed by the authors, is applied to theoretically investigate the transmissibility of SDOF passive vibration isolators with a nonlinear anti-symmetric damping curve. The results reveal that a nonlinear anti-symmetric damping characteristic has almost no effect on the transmissibility of SDOF vibration isolators over both low and high frequency ranges where the frequencies are much lower or higher than the isolatorโ€™s resonant frequency. On the other hand, the introduction of a nonlinear anti-symmetric damping can significantly reduce the transmissibility of the vibration isolator over the resonant frequency region. The results indicate that nonlinear vibration isolators with an anti-symmetric damping characteristic have great potential to overcome the dilemma encountered in the design of passive linear vibration isolators, that is, increasing the level of damping to reduce the transmissibility at the resonance could increase the transmissibility over the range of higher frequencies. These important theoretical conclusions are then verified by simulation studies

    5G NR-๋ฐด๋“œ ๋ฌด์„  ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์†ก์ˆ˜์‹ ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ „๊ธฐยท์ •๋ณด๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2021.8. ๊น€์žฌํ•˜.๋„๋ž˜ํ•œ ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œ๋Œ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋””๋ฐ”์ด์Šค๋“ค์ด 5์„ธ๋Œ€ ์ด๋™ํ†ต์‹  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์„ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ๋ฏธํ„ฐํŒŒ ๋Œ€์—ญ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋Œ€์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ํ™” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ด‘๋Œ€์—ญํ™” ๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ํ†ต์‹  ๊ทœ์•ฝ์„ ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์ ์ฐจ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์บ˜๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ฐ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋กœ์ง์ด, ๋ฌด์„  ํ†ต์‹  ์ „๋‹จ๋ถ€ ์นฉ์— ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง‘์ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐ-๋„๋ฉ”์ธ์˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ(์•„๋‚ ๋กœ๊ทธ/๋””์ง€ํ„ธ/๋ฌด์„ ํ†ต์‹  ์‹ ํ˜ธ)๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ์„ฑ๋œ ๋ฌด์„ ํ†ต์‹  ์ง‘์ ํšŒ๋กœ ์นฉ์„, ์งง์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ์—” ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ผ์„ฑ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”, ํ•˜์œ„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋„๋ฉ”์ธ์˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ŠคํŒŒ์ด์Šค์™€ ์ŠคํŒŒ์ด์Šค-ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์–ธ์–ด์˜ co-์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐ-๋„๋ฉ”์ธ์˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ ์™„์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ์ค„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ˜ผ์„ฑ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”, ์•„๋‚ ๋กœ๊ทธ์™€ ๋ฌด์„  ํ†ต์‹  ๋ธ”๋ก๋“ค์„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ฒ ๋ฆด๋กœ๊ทธ ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ตฌํ˜„๋œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์  ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๊ณ , ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ธ”๋ก๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์—์„œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์—๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์€, ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜, ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜, ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์ˆœ์„œ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜, ํ˜น์€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํŒŒ์›Œ ๋„๋ฉ”์ธ๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋“ค์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠธ๋žœ์ง€์Šคํ„ฐ-๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”, ์•„๋‚ ๋กœ๊ทธ ์ŠคํŒŒ์ด์Šค ๋ชจ๋ธ๋“ค์„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ฒ ๋ฆด๋กœ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋“ค๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ฒ€์ฆ ์™„์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„, ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์„ ํ˜• ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด๋‚˜, ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํšŒ๋กœ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ๋น ์ง„ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ๋Š” ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ง์ ‘ ๋ณ€์กฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ฌด์„ ํ†ต์‹  ์†ก์ˆ˜์‹ ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์ด์ƒ ํšจ๊ณผ, ์ €์ „๋ ฅ ๋™์ž‘์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ํšจ๊ณผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”ํžˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•ด ์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ๋งŒ, ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ๋„๋ฉ”์ธ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ, ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์‹œ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰๋„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ๋น„์ด์ƒ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง/์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์—ญ์‹œ ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ํ•™์œ„ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š”, ๋ฌด์„ ํ†ต์‹  ์†ก์ˆ˜์‹ ๊ธฐ ์ง‘์ ํšŒ๋กœ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ๋ชจ์‚ฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์‹ ํ˜ธ์™€ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๊ฐ„ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋น„-์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์—‘์Šค๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋น„์„ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณผํ…Œ๋ผ-์„ญ๋™๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€์—ญ๊ณผ ๋™์ž‘ ๋ชจ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ธฐ์กด ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฐด๋“œ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ณด๋‹ค 30~1800๋ฐฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋น„์ด์ƒ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด, ํ†ต์‹  ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๋“ค(์‹ฌ๋ณผ์˜ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ ๋ฒกํ„ฐ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ, ์ธ์ ‘ ์ฑ„๋„์˜ ํŒŒ์›Œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„ํŠธ ์—๋Ÿฌ)์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€, ์•„๋‚ ๋กœ๊ทธ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋ธ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์ปค๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ถ„์„๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ-๋ ˆ๋ฒจ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์˜ ์™„์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์„ ํ†ต์‹  ์ง‘์ ํšŒ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ/ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์€ ์—๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜์™€ ์ปค๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.In mobile RF transceiver systems, the large number of digital circuits employed to compensate or calibrate the non-idealities of the RF circuits call for models that can work within the digital verification platform, such as SystemVerilog. While baseband-equivalent real-number models (RNMs) are the current state-of-the-art for modeling RF transceivers in SystemVerilog, their simulation speeds and accuracy are not adequate predicting performance degradation. Since, its signals can only model the frequency components near the carrier frequency but not the DC offsets or high-order harmonic effects arising due to nonlinearities. Therefore, the growing impacts of nonlinearities call for nonlinear modeling of their key components to predict the overall system's performance. This dissertation presents the models for a multi-standard, direct-conversion RF transceiver for evaluating its system-level performance and verifying its digital controllers. Also, this work demonstrates the Volterra series model for the nonlinear analysis of a low-noise amplifier circuit in SystemVerilog, leveraging the functional expression and event-driven simulation capability of XMODEL. The simulation results indicate that the presented models, including the digital configuration/calibration logic for the 5G sub-6GHz-band and mmWave-band transceiver, can deliver 30โ€“1800ร— higher speeds than the baseband-equivalent RNMs while estimating the quadrature amplitude modulation signal constellation and error vector magnitude in the presence of non-idealities such as nonlinearities, DC offsets, and I/Q imbalances. In addition, it implements functionality checkers and parameter coverage analysis to advance the completeness of system-level verification of the RF transceivers model.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Design and Verification Flow . 1.2 5G NR Band RF Transceiver IC . 1.3 Baseband-Equivalent and Passband Modeling . 1.4 Thesis Organization . Chapter 2. Modeling and Simulation of RF Transceiver 11 2.1 Direct Conversion RF Transceiver . 2.2 Proposed Transceiver Models . 2.3 System and Simulation Performance . Chapter 3. Nonlinear RF System Modeling 28 3.1 Volterra / Perturbation Method . 3.2 Low Noise Amplifier Example . 3.3 Nonlinearity Analysis . Chapter 4. Coverage Analysis and Functional Verification 42 4.1 Model Parameter Coverage Analysis . 4.2 Self-Checking Testbench . Chapter 5. Conclusion 54 Appendix 55 A.1 Trigonometric Equation for Non-Ideal Effects . A.2 RNM Baseband Equivalent Modeling . A.3 Parameter Coverage Analysis . A.4 List of Models . Bibliography 63 Abstract in Korean 66์„
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