21 research outputs found
Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Using Computer Vision
6-pagesDiabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the main causes of blindness and visual impairment in
developed countries, stemming solely from diabetes mellitus. Current screening methods using fundus
images rely on the experience of the operator as they are manually examined. Automated methods based
on neural networks and other approaches have not provided sensitivity or specificity above 85%. This
work presents a computer vision based method that directly identifies hard exudates and dot
haemorrhages (DH) from 100 digital fundus images from a graded database of images using standard
computer vision techniques, and clinical observation and knowledge. Sensitivity and specificity in
diagnosis are 95-100% in both cases. Positive and negative prediction values (PPV, NPV) were 95-100%
for both cases. The overall method is general, computationally efficient and suitable for further clinical
trials to test both accuracy and the ability to the track DR status over time
Optic-Net: A Novel Convolutional Neural Network for Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases from Optical Tomography Images
Diagnosing different retinal diseases from Spectral Domain Optical Coherence
Tomography (SD-OCT) images is a challenging task. Different automated
approaches such as image processing, machine learning and deep learning
algorithms have been used for early detection and diagnosis of retinal
diseases. Unfortunately, these are prone to error and computational
inefficiency, which requires further intervention from human experts. In this
paper, we propose a novel convolution neural network architecture to
successfully distinguish between different degeneration of retinal layers and
their underlying causes. The proposed novel architecture outperforms other
classification models while addressing the issue of gradient explosion. Our
approach reaches near perfect accuracy of 99.8% and 100% for two separately
available Retinal SD-OCT data-set respectively. Additionally, our architecture
predicts retinal diseases in real time while outperforming human
diagnosticians.Comment: 8 pages. Accepted to 18th IEEE International Conference on Machine
Learning and Applications (ICMLA 2019
The diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy by means of transfer learning with conventional machine learning pipeline
Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the common eye diseases due to the complication of diabetes mellitus. Cotton wool spots, rough exudates, haemorrhages and microaneurysms are the symptoms of the diabetic retinopathy due to the fluid leakage that is caused by the high blood glucose level disorder. Early treatment to prevent a permanent blindness is important as it could save the diabetic retinopathy vision. Hence, in this study, we proposed to employ an automated detection method to diagnose the diabetic retinopathy. The dataset was obtained from the Kaggle Database and been divided for training, testing and validation purposes. Furthermore, Transfer Learning models, namely VGG19 were employed to extract the features before being processed by Machine Learning classifiers which are SVM, kNN and RF to classify the diabetic retinopathy. VGG19-SVM pipeline produced the best accuracy in training, testing and validation processes, achieving 99, 99 and 96 percents respectively
ALTAIR: Supervised Methodology to Obtain Retinal Vessels Caliber
A back of the eye examination allows performing a noninvasive evaluation of the retinal microcirculation, as well as of the vascular damage induced by multiple cardiovascular risk factors. The objective of this work is to study the existing needs to lead to the development and validation (reliability and validity) of a methodology able to extract all the information from the images of the back of the eye to solve the studied needs. Its development will subsequently allow analyzing its utility in various clinical environments. Currently there are different works that evaluate the thickness of the retinal veins and arteries, but they require either full intervention by an observer or no intervention at all, so when facing incorrect analysis (none of them achieves a 100 % accuracy in automatic analysis) erroneous results can be a serious problem when drawing conclusions. The proposed solution refers to the second group (automatic), but providing a supervisor the possibility to interfere with the analysis when any kind of error is produced, which ideally will not happen many times. Thanks to this the possible subjectivity that can be introduced by the supervisor does not affect the final result of the analysis. ALTAIR: Supervised Methodology to Obtain Retinal Vessels Caliber (PDF Download Available). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282611032_ALTAIR_Supervised_Methodology_to_Obtain_Retinal_Vessels_Caliber [accessed Jan 25, 2016]
NON-INVASIVE IMAGE DENOISING AND CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR RETINAL FUNDUS IMAGES
The analysis of retinal vasculature in digital fundus images is important for
diagnosing eye related diseases. However, digital colour fundus images suffer from
low and varied contrast, and are also affected by noise, requiring the use of fundus
angiogram modality. The Fundus Fluorescein Angiogram (FFA) modality gives 5 to
6 time’s higher contrast. However, FFA is an invasive method that requires contrast
agents to be injected and this can lead other physiological problems. A reported
digital image enhancement technique named RETICA that combines Retinex and ICA
(Independent Component Analysis) techniques, reduces varied contrast, and enhances
the low contrast blood vessels of model fundus images
Automated microaneurysm detection algorithms applied to diabetic retinopathy retinal images
Diabetic retinopathy is the commonest cause of blindness in working age people. It is characterised and graded by the development of retinal microaneurysms, haemorrhages and exudates. The damage caused by diabetic retinopathy can be prevented if it is treated in its early stages. Therefore, automated early detection can limit the severity of the disease, improve the follow-up management of diabetic patients and assist ophthalmologists in investigating and treating the disease more efficiently. This review focuses on microaneurysm detection as the earliest clinically localised characteristic of diabetic retinopathy, a frequently observed complication in both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Algorithms used for microaneurysm detection from retinal images are reviewed. A number of features used to extract microaneurysm are summarised. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of reported methods used to automatically detect microaneurysms is presented and discussed. The performance of methods and their complexity are also discussed