The effect(s) of dose and dose-rate of ionising radiation on early lens epithelial cell response and cataractogenesis

The lens of the eye is thought to be one of the most radiosensitive tissues. Cataracts were one of the first observed biological effects following ionising radiation exposure. The recent change in regulations for eye lens dose limits has led to the urgent need to make sure our biological understanding is sufficient. The anterior of the lens is covered by lens epithelial cells (LEC), that are critical to maintaining normal lens function and producing fibre cells. Damage or disruption to LECs can have detrimental consequences to the lens. Low dose (<500 mGy) radiation-induced DNA damage and repair, cell proliferation and lens opacity were investigated post-exposure in or amongst four mouse strains (C57BL/6,129S2, BALB/c and CBA/Ca). Mice were sacrificed up to 24 hours post-exposure and lenses removed and epithelia isolated for analyses. Immunofluorescent staining for DNA double strand break (DSB) repair (53BP1) and cell proliferation (Ki67) were performed. Dose, dose-rates were varied during exposures to seek experimental evidence to support the epidemiological studies. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were collected for comparison with LEC. 120 female mice were irradiated and their lenses analysed for opacity at monthly intervals over 18 months. An inverse dose-rate effect was observed in the DSB repair response, as well as slower repair at low IR doses and a significant strain dependency. A nonlinear response to IR was observed for LEC proliferation that was bimodal; inhibition at low dose (<50 mGy), and a significant interaction effect between dose-rate and region. Lens opacity also increased over time. These results give the first biological evidence for an inverse dose-rate response in the lens. They highlight the importance of dose-rate in low-dose cataract formation represent the first evidence that LECs process radiation damage differently to blood lymphocytes. More work is needed to support lens dose limits

Injectable Multi-Drug Formulation for the Postoperative Management of Ocular Surgery

In this dissertation, the interaction between particles or particles and polymers were examined. In addition, outcomes of such studies were used to develop drug delivery formulations. Initially, by carrying out Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations binding kinetics between two spheres in the dilute limit under shear flow for the entire Pe values (measure of flow strength) was studied. Effects of Pe, hydrodynamic interactions, inter-particle potential and surface anisotropy were studied. Results were in agreement with previous literature that had limited range of applicability including zero and infinite shear rate Smoluchowski limits, as well as high Pe perturbation results of Feke and Schowalter [J. Fluid Mech. 133, 17-35 (1983)]. Next, developing a drug delivery system for the postoperative management of ocular surgery was considered. In routine care after cataract surgery, patients are required to receive antibiotics for a week and steroids for at least a month. Later during postoperative treatment period, ocular pressure increases and could be managed by administration of ocular hypotensives, which adds to postoperative treatment burden. Currently, the required drug molecules in the postoperative treatment are delivered mainly by eye drops, which have significant shortcomings, such as poor patient compliance, low drug bioavailability and allergic reactions. Hence, different routes were pursued to make a formulation that reduces reliance on the patients to use eye drops. Initially, layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of nanoparticles (NPs) and polyelectrolytes was considered as a viable strategy. The goal was to layer different sheets of LbL films with different drug loaded NPs in order to fine-tune the drug release profile. The effect of different parameters on the growth of LbL films was studied and the optimal conditions to grow thick LbL films with inexpensive blank NPs were attained. Unfortunately, by switching from blank polystyrene NPs to biodegradable poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) NPs, the growth of LbL films was interrupted. Therefore, we were faced with the challenge of modifying our research to find a more robust solution for postoperative management following cataract surgery. In a subsequent attempt, the multidrug release system was developed utilizing thermoresponsive polymer solutions. The invented drug release system is composed of microparticles incorporated into a bulk hydrogel that was engineered to be in liquid form at room temperature for simple delivery into the eye and form a hydrogel network at physiological body temperatures to act as a depot release platform. The delivery platform was designed to mimic current topical application of postoperative ocular formulations, releasing the antibiotic for up to a week, and the corticosteroid and the ocular hypotensive agents for at least a month. Different means to finely tune drug release was demonstrated. To ensure the most linear drug release, more hydrophobic blocks such as PLCL should be used in the triblock copolymer. Increasing the hydrophobicity of the polymer encapsulating the drug molecules, it was possible to prolong the release duration of drugs substantially. Finally, preliminary results on overcoming the poor bioavailability of free drug molecules to be used for the treatment of ocular diseases and cancer were examined. Two anti-hypoxia inducible factors (anti-HIFs) were successfully loaded in PLGA NPs with small particle size and considerable drug loading. Next, drug release from NPs was evaluated, in vitro. Finally, the effect of NPs on inhibiting HIF expression and blocking angiogenesis were examined in vivo. Results demonstrate significant improvements using NPs compared to free drug.PHDMechanical EngineeringUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140939/1/maziar_1.pd

Articles indexats publicats per investigadors del Campus de Terrassa: 2013

Aquest informe recull els 228 treballs publicats per 177 investigadors/es del Campus de Terrassa en revistes indexades al Journal Citation Report durant el 2013Preprin

Integrated sensor-augmented pump therapy systems [the MiniMed® Paradigm™ Veo system and the Vibe™ and G4® PLATINUM CGM (continuous glucose monitoring) system] for managing blood glucose levels in type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and economic evaluation

Background: In recent years, meters for continuous monitoring of interstitial fluid glucose have been introduced to help people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) to achieve better control of their disease. Objective: The objective of this project was to summarise the evidence on the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the MiniMed® Paradigm™ Veo system (Medtronic Inc., Northridge, CA, USA) and the Vibe™ (Animas® Corporation, West Chester, PA, USA) and G4® PLATINUM CGM (continuous glucose monitoring) system (Dexcom Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) in comparison with multiple daily insulin injections (MDIs) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), both with either self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) or CGM, for the management of T1DM in adults and children. Data sources: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination guidance and the National Institute for He

Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences 2007 Annual Report

The first class of twenty· five Nebraska students began their DVM degree program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. The new program provides for students from Nebraska to complete their first two years of the professional school at UNL. The second two years of training will be completed at the College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University. Under the agreement, the students will pay Iowa State resident tuition rates all four years. To prepare for the new program, an anatomy teaching laboratory, classroom and microbiology laboratory were develop by renovating space in the Animal Science Complex. New faculty members hired to teach the courses that make up the first two years of the professional curriculum include Dr. Jennifer Wood and Dr. Tom Burkey, veterinary physiology; Dr. John Kammermann, veterinary anatomy; Dr. Jay Reddy, veterinary immunology; Dr. Gary Pickard, neurobiology; Dr. Doug Hostetler, veterinary surgery. Faculty searches are underway for a veterinary parasitologist, veterinary pathologist and veterinary epidemiologist. In addition to these positions, Dr. Jeff Ondrak join the faculty at GPVEC as a Beef Cattle Clinical Veterinarian. The Department completed its CSREES and UNL S·year review during the year and the feedback from the review team was very favorable. The department is encourage to maintain its research focus in the area of infectious diseases and biomedical research and commented on the positive addition of the 2 + 2 Program and how it complemented the program. The Veterinary Diagnostic Center prepared for its five year AA VLD accreditation visit. The report was prepared and the site visit is schedule for early January 2008. We are concerned regarding the crowded conditions within the laboratories. In addition, this will be the first time the accreditation process will focus on Standard Operating Procedures within the laboratory. The undergraduate program has had steady growth since a low point in 2003. Much of this growth is credited to the creation of the Professional Program in Veterinary Medicine. The graduate program remains solid, as does the extramural research funding. To strengthen our extension program, Dr. Richard Randle was hired to focus on beef cattle extension activities. Additional activities include discussion with the Department of Animal Science and the Dean\u27s Office to strengthen collaborative efforts in student recruitment and clarify some of the confusion related to Pre-vet students

Agricultural Research Division 109th Annual Report 1995

It is a pleasure to provide the 109th Annual Report of the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division (ARD). This report contains lists of current faculty, visiting scientists, and research associates; active research projects; refereed journal articles, books, and book chapters published; theses and dissertations written; germplasm/cultivars released; and awards received by faculty and graduate students. Also included are brief descriptions of accomplishments from selected research projects, information about the programmatic distribution of resources, and the financial report for the period July 1, 1994, to June 30, 1995. This report was compiled in compliance with the intent of the law of the State of Nebraska that established the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station on March 31, 1887. Foreword ... 2 Research Highlights ... 3 Faculty Awards and Recognitions ... 11 Graduate Student Awards and Recognitions ... 14 Variety and Germplasm Releases ... 16 Patent ... 23 Administration ... 24 … Administrative Personnel ... 24 … Organizational Chart ... 25 … Administrative Units ... 26 … IANR Research Facilities ... 27 Faculty ... 28 … Agricultural/Natural Resources Departments ... 28 … College of Human Resources and Family Sciences ... 36 … Off-Campus Research Centers ... 36 … Interdisciplinary Activities ... 38 Visiting Scientists/Research Associates ... 39 Research Projects ... 42 Publications ... 53 Research Expenditures ... 8

Agricultural Research Division 109th Annual Report 1995

It is a pleasure to provide the 109th Annual Report of the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division (ARD). This report contains lists of current faculty, visiting scientists, and research associates; active research projects; refereed journal articles, books, and book chapters published; theses and dissertations written; germplasm/cultivars released; and awards received by faculty and graduate students. Also included are brief descriptions of accomplishments from selected research projects, information about the programmatic distribution of resources, and the financial report for the period July 1, 1994, to June 30, 1995. This report was compiled in compliance with the intent of the law of the State of Nebraska that established the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station on March 31, 1887. Foreword ... 2 Research Highlights ... 3 Faculty Awards and Recognitions ... 11 Graduate Student Awards and Recognitions ... 14 Variety and Germplasm Releases ... 16 Patent ... 23 Administration ... 24 … Administrative Personnel ... 24 … Organizational Chart ... 25 … Administrative Units ... 26 … IANR Research Facilities ... 27 Faculty ... 28 … Agricultural/Natural Resources Departments ... 28 … College of Human Resources and Family Sciences ... 36 … Off-Campus Research Centers ... 36 … Interdisciplinary Activities ... 38 Visiting Scientists/Research Associates ... 39 Research Projects ... 42 Publications ... 53 Research Expenditures ... 8

Research and Creative Activity, July 1, 2019-June 30, 2020: Major Sponsored Programs and Faculty Accomplishments in Research and Creative Activity, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Foreword by Bob Wilhelm, Vice Chancellor for Research and Economic Development: This booklet highlights successes in research, scholarship and creative activity by University of Nebraska–Lincoln faculty during the fiscal year running July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020. It lists investigators, project titles and funding sources on major grants and sponsored awards received during the year; fellowships and other recognitions and honors bestowed on our faculty; books published by faculty; performances, exhibitions and other creative activity; and patents and licensing agreements issued. Based on your feedback, the Office of Research and Economic Development expanded this publication to include peer-reviewed journal articles and conference presentations and recognize students and faculty mentors participating in the Undergraduate Creative Activities and Research Experience Program (UCARE) and the First-Year Research Experiences program (FYRE). While metrics cannot convey the full story of our work, they are tangible measures of impact. Nebraska achieved a record $317 million in total research expenditures in FY 2019, a 26$450 million in research expenditures by 2025. Husker researchers are stimulating economic growth through university-sponsored industry activity. Nebraska Innovation Campus created 1,657 jobs statewide and had a total economic impact of $324.1 million in FY 2019. NUtech Ventures brought in$6.6 million in licensing income in FY 2020. The University of Nebraska system now ranks 65th among the top 100 academic institutions receiving U.S. patents, jumping 14 spots from 2019. I am proud of the Nebraska Research community for facing the challenges of 2020 with grit and determination. Our researchers quickly adapted to develop solutions for an evolving pandemic — all while working apart and keeping themselves and their families safe. As an institution, we made a commitment to embrace an anti-racism journey and work toward racial equity. Advancing conversations and developing lasting solutions is among the most important work we can do as scholars. Against the backdrop of the pandemic, rising racial and social tensions, and natural disasters, Nebraska researchers worked diligently to address other pressing issues, such as obesity and related diseases, nanomaterials, agricultural resilience and the state’s STEM workforce. Let’s continue looking forward to what we can accomplish together. Thank you for participating in the grand challenges process and helping identify the wicked problems that Nebraska has unique expertise to solve. Soon, ORED will unveil a Research Roadmap that outlines how our campus will develop research expertise; enrich creative activity; bolster commitment to diversity, equity and inclusion; enhance economic development; and much more. Amidst the uncertainty of 2020, I remain confident in our faculty’s talent and commitment. I am pleased to present this record of accomplishments. Contents Awards of $5 Million or More Awards of$1 Million to $4,999,999 Awards of$250,000 to $999,999 Early Career Awards Arts and Humanities Awards of$250,000 or More Arts and Humanities Awards of $50,000 to$249,999 Arts and Humanities Awards of $5,000 to$49,999 Patents License Agreements Creative Activity Books Recognitions and Honors Journal Articles Conference Presentations UCARE and FYRE Projects Glossar