2,035 research outputs found
Revising Type-2 Computation and Degrees of Discontinuity
By the sometimes so-called MAIN THEOREM of Recursive Analysis, every
computable real function is necessarily continuous. Weihrauch and Zheng
(TCS'2000), Brattka (MLQ'2005), and Ziegler (ToCS'2006) have considered
different relaxed notions of computability to cover also discontinuous
functions. The present work compares and unifies these approaches. This is
based on the concept of the JUMP of a representation: both a TTE-counterpart to
the well known recursion-theoretic jump on Kleene's Arithmetical Hierarchy of
hypercomputation: and a formalization of revising computation in the sense of
Shoenfield.
We also consider Markov and Banach/Mazur oracle-computation of discontinuous
fu nctions and characterize the computational power of Type-2 nondeterminism to
coincide with the first level of the Analytical Hierarchy.Comment: to appear in Proc. CCA'0
Levels of discontinuity, limit-computability, and jump operators
We develop a general theory of jump operators, which is intended to provide
an abstraction of the notion of "limit-computability" on represented spaces.
Jump operators also provide a framework with a strong categorical flavor for
investigating degrees of discontinuity of functions and hierarchies of sets on
represented spaces. We will provide a thorough investigation within this
framework of a hierarchy of -measurable functions between arbitrary
countably based -spaces, which captures the notion of computing with
ordinal mind-change bounds. Our abstract approach not only raises new questions
but also sheds new light on previous results. For example, we introduce a
notion of "higher order" descriptive set theoretical objects, we generalize a
recent characterization of the computability theoretic notion of "lowness" in
terms of adjoint functors, and we show that our framework encompasses ordinal
quantifications of the non-constructiveness of Hilbert's finite basis theorem
Computation with Advice
Computation with advice is suggested as generalization of both computation
with discrete advice and Type-2 Nondeterminism. Several embodiments of the
generic concept are discussed, and the close connection to Weihrauch
reducibility is pointed out. As a novel concept, computability with random
advice is studied; which corresponds to correct solutions being guessable with
positive probability. In the framework of computation with advice, it is
possible to define computational complexity for certain concepts of
hypercomputation. Finally, some examples are given which illuminate the
interplay of uniform and non-uniform techniques in order to investigate both
computability with advice and the Weihrauch lattice
Closed Choice and a Uniform Low Basis Theorem
We study closed choice principles for different spaces. Given information
about what does not constitute a solution, closed choice determines a solution.
We show that with closed choice one can characterize several models of
hypercomputation in a uniform framework using Weihrauch reducibility. The
classes of functions which are reducible to closed choice of the singleton
space, of the natural numbers, of Cantor space and of Baire space correspond to
the class of computable functions, of functions computable with finitely many
mind changes, of weakly computable functions and of effectively Borel
measurable functions, respectively. We also prove that all these classes
correspond to classes of non-deterministically computable functions with the
respective spaces as advice spaces. Moreover, we prove that closed choice on
Euclidean space can be considered as "locally compact choice" and it is
obtained as product of closed choice on the natural numbers and on Cantor
space. We also prove a Quotient Theorem for compact choice which shows that
single-valued functions can be "divided" by compact choice in a certain sense.
Another result is the Independent Choice Theorem, which provides a uniform
proof that many choice principles are closed under composition. Finally, we
also study the related class of low computable functions, which contains the
class of weakly computable functions as well as the class of functions
computable with finitely many mind changes. As one main result we prove a
uniform version of the Low Basis Theorem that states that closed choice on
Cantor space (and the Euclidean space) is low computable. We close with some
related observations on the Turing jump operation and its initial topology
Real Computation with Least Discrete Advice: A Complexity Theory of Nonuniform Computability
It is folklore particularly in numerical and computer sciences that, instead of solving some general problem , additional structural information about the input (that is any kind of promise that belongs to a certain subset ) should be taken advantage of. Some examples from real number computation show that such discrete advice can even make the difference between computability and uncomputability. We turn this into a both topological and combinatorial complexity theory of information, investigating for several practical problem show much advice is necessary and sufficient to render them computable.
Specifically, finding a nontrivial solution to a homogeneous linear equation for a given singular real -matrix is possible when knowing ; and we show this to be best possible. Similarly, diagonalizing (i.e. finding a basis of eigenvectors of) a given real symmetric -matrix is possible when knowing the number of distinct eigenvalues: an integer between and (the latter corresponding to the nondegenerate case). And again we show that --fold (i.e. roughly bits of) additional information is indeed necessary in order to render this problem (continuous and) computable; whereas finding emph{some single} eigenvector of requires and suffices with --fold advice
The descriptive theory of represented spaces
This is a survey on the ongoing development of a descriptive theory of
represented spaces, which is intended as an extension of both classical and
effective descriptive set theory to deal with both sets and functions between
represented spaces. Most material is from work-in-progress, and thus there may
be a stronger focus on projects involving the author than an objective survey
would merit.Comment: survey of work-in-progres
From Bolzano-Weierstra{\ss} to Arzel\`a-Ascoli
We show how one can obtain solutions to the Arzel\`a-Ascoli theorem using
suitable applications of the Bolzano-Weierstra{\ss} principle. With this, we
can apply the results from \cite{aK} and obtain a classification of the
strength of instances of the Arzel\`a-Ascoli theorem and a variant of it.
Let AA be the statement that each equicontinuous sequence of functions f_n:
[0,1] --> [0,1] contains a subsequence that converges uniformly with the rate
2^-k and let AA_weak be the statement that each such sequence contains a
subsequence which converges uniformly but possibly without any rate.
We show that AA is instance-wise equivalent over RCA_0 to the
Bolzano-Weierstra{\ss} principle BW and that AA_weak is instance-wise
equivalent over WKL_0 to BW_weak, and thus to the strong cohesive principle
StCOH. Moreover, we show that over RCA_0 the principles AA_weak, BW_weak + WKL
and StCOH + WKL are equivalent
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