A rare case of Raoultella planticola urinary tract infection. A case report with literature review

Urine infections represent 40-50% of all infections in hospitalized patients. The most common uropathogens are E.coli, S.saprophitycus, and less commonly Enterobacteriaceae, such as Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The spectrum of microorganisms isolated in hospital conditions may be wider. Raoultella planticola is a rare cause of human infections, so far only few cases of ZUM with this etiology have been described.A 56-years-old patient, with a history of cardiac disease, with exacerbation of chronic kidney disease, was admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine. The reason for admission was general  deterioration. Many abnormalities in laboratory tests were detected. The doctors' attention was focused on the significant bacteriuria. Moreover, the patient reported dysuria symptoms. Material for urine microbiological culture was taken and empirical antibiotic therapy with ciprofloxacin started. The obtained result of urine culture allowed to identify the bacteria by R. planticola. As a result of the applied treatment, the patient's condition improved.An increasing number of infections with R. planticolla etiology is observed. The bacterium may lead to infections in many systems. The group of patients at risk of the disease includes people with renal dysfunction, who are immunosuppressed. Infections of R. planticolla etiology are usually characterized by good antibiotic response and positive prognosis

A new emerging oral infection: Raoultella planticola in a boy with haematological malignancy

BACKGROUND: Oral mucositis is a common complication in pediatric cancer patients, affecting up to 80% of children. Due to neutropenia and disruption of the mucosal barrier, chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis is often complicated by super-infections. CASE REPORT: A 16-years old male with stage 3 Burkitt's lymphoma developed chemotherapy induced oral mucositis grade 3 (according to WHO scale). Ulcers were quickly growing (reaching a maximum diameter of 3 cm) and became greyish in colour, resulting in dysphagia and pain. A swab of the lesions was taken and microbiological tests were performed. The sample grew for Raoultella planticola, an encapsulated Gram-negative bacterium whose full pathogenic potential still needs to be defined. TREATMENT: The patient received antibiotic combination therapy with Amikacin and Ceftazidime for 8 days. Complete healing of the lesions and resolution of the symptoms were reached and he completed his antineoplastic therapy without further complications. FOLLOW-UP: Twelve months after the infection, he is alive and well, with no oral complaints. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of a Raoultella planticola infection in a patient with chemotherapy induced oral mucositis. This type of infection must be added to the list of organisms to be considered when caring for these patients

Sources of Klebsiella and Raoultella species on dairy farms: Be careful where you walk

Klebsiella spp. are a common cause of mastitis, milk loss, and culling on dairy farms. Control of Klebsiella mastitis is largely based on prevention of exposure of the udder to the pathogen. To identify critical control points for mastitis prevention, potential Klebsiella sources and transmission cycles in the farm environment were investigated, including oro-fecal transmission, transmission via the indoor environment, and transmission via the outdoor environment. A total of 305 samples was collected from 3 dairy farms in upstate New York in the summer of 2007, and included soil, feed crops, feed, water, rumen content, feces, bedding, and manure from alleyways and holding pens. Klebsiella spp. were detected in 100% of rumen samples, 89% of water samples, and approximately 64% of soil, feces, bedding, alleyway, and holding pen samples. Detection of Klebsiella spp. in feed crops and feed was less common. Genotypic identification of species using rpoB sequence data showed that Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common species in rumen content, feces, and alleyways, whereas Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella variicola, and Raoultella planticola were the most frequent species among isolates from soil and feed crops. Random amplified polymorphic DNA-based strain typing showed heterogeneity of Klebsiella spp. in rumen content and feces, with a median of 4 strains per 5 isolates. Observational and bacteriological data support the existence of an oro-fecal transmission cycle, which is primarily maintained through direct contact with fecal contamination or through ingestion of contaminated drinking water. Fecal shedding of Klebsiella spp. contributes to pathogen loads in the environment, including bedding, alleyways, and holding pens. Hygiene of alleyways and holding pens is an important component of Klebsiella control on dairy farms

Fatal pancreatic pseudocyst co-infected by Raoultella planticola: an emerging pathogen

Raoultella planticola is an aerobic Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Initially identified in the 1980s, its pathogenic potential was further recognized when the first case of bacteremia was reported. Since then, only a few infections caused by this pathogen have been described. Although considered an opportunistic agent, fatal outcomes are associated with the infection by this pathogen, since it is more prevalent among the patients with immunodeficiency. The authors report the case of a middle-aged man diagnosed with end-stage renal disease and alcoholic pancreatitis, who was admitted to the emergency department with septic shock. Physical examination disclosed peritoneal irritation and a laparotomy was undertaken. Purulent peritonitis was found as well as a retroperitoneal abscess, which was drained. The postoperative period was troublesome, and the patient died. The autopsy showed a ruptured, infected pancreatic cyst and purulent peritonitis, among other findings. The culture of the peritoneal fluid and two blood sample sets were positive for R. planticola. The authors call attention to the importance of this emerging pathogen associated with severe gastrointestinal infection

Production of Pullulanase by Raoultella Planticola Dsmz 4617 Using Sago Starch as Carbon Source

Production of pullulanase by Raoultella planticola DSMZ 46 17 was studied in batch fermentation using sago starch as a carbon source. The fermentations were carried out, firstly, in 500-mL Erlenmeyer flasks to search for a suitable cultivation medium for pullulanase production by this gram negative bacterium. For comparison, production of pullulanase by a locally isolated strain was also carried out. Secondly, further improvement of pullulanase production by R. planticola DSMZ 46 17 was done by using response surface methodology (RSM). The factors studied were sago starch, peptone and initial culture pH. The precise values of carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio that affect the pullulanase secretion by this gram-negative bacterium were also studied. Then, batch cultivations in 2-L stirred tank fermenter were carried out in an attempt to further improve pullulanase production by R. planticola DSMZ 461 7. Two important hydrodynamic parameters, i.e., aeration and agitation, were studied in detail. Unstructured model based on logistic and Luedeking-Piret equations were used to describe growth and pullulanase production by R. planticola DSMZ 4617 in both 500-mL shake flask and 2-L stirred tank ferrnenter. Cultivation of R. planticola DSMZ 4617 in modified mineral Czapek medium was found able to produce substantially high activity of pullulanase (320 times higher) as compared to 'Ohba-Ueda' medium. Among various carbon and nitrogen sources tested, sago starch and peptone were the best substrates for enzyme production, and under these conditions, R. planticola DSMZ 4617 produced 0.95 U/mL of pullulanase at initial culture pH around 7 and incubation temperature of 30°C. The partially purified pullulanase from R. planticola DSMZ 461 7 was optimally active at pH 6 to 7, and 50°C with stability ranges from pH 5 to 10. As compared with R. planticola DSMZ 4617, the local isolate B. cereus H1.5 was found to produce substantially high activity of protease during growth. This was the main reason that much of the pullulanase activity was lost during cultivation and partial purification processes and thus this local isolate is not appropriate for industrial applications. Therefore, the research work was focused on R. planticola DSMZ 4617. The RSM experiments based on central composite design (CCD) were found practical to derive a statisticai model for enhancement of pullulanase production by R. planticola DSMZ 4617. From this study, about 1.8-times of increment in pullulanase activity (1.70 U/mL) was achieved at 6.12 g/L sago starch, 15.34 g/L peptone and initial pH 7.23. Studies on C/N ratio hrther confirmed that the highest pullulanase production was obtained at ratio of 0.97 which correspondes to approximately 6.1 g/L of starch and 15.3 g/L peptone.The pullulanase productivity and yield were greatly influenced by the aeration and agitation conditions within the fennenter. High pullulanase activities in the fermenter were observed at aeration rate of 0.5 vvm and agitation speed of 250 rpm. Under this condition, the pullulanase production results were: pullulanase activity, 2.22 UImL; pullulanase productivity, 0.015 U/mLih and pullulanase yield, 369 U pullulanase g starch-'. Themodels proposed in this study fit significantly well to the experimental data with more than 95% confidence. This means that the proposed model can be used to explain growth and enzyme production at different chemical and physical conditions in a concise form which is comprehensible to those who wish to make use of the results. From the study, pullulanase production by R . - + + - .- _._ _ -+- . - -- - planticola DSMZ 4617 was found to be a non-growth associated process (a = O), where accumulation of pullulanase in the culture fluid occurred only during the nongrowth phase. An improved pullulanase fermentation process by R. planticola DSMZ 4617 has been successfully developed and it showed approximately 7-times increment of pullulanase production (2.22 UImL) in 2-L stirred tank fernenter with optimized medium composition and culture conditions as compared to cultivation employing original medium without optimized formulation in 500-mL shake flask (0.32 U/mL)

A case of urinary tract infection caused by Raoultella planticola after a urodynamic study

AbstractHere we report the case of a patient who developed urinary tract infection after a urodynamic study. The causative agent was Raoultella planticola, a rare opportunistic pathogen that usually invades immunocompromised patients. While a urinary tract infection with R. planticola has been previously described, this is the first report in which an R. planticola infection developed after a urodynamic study. We postulate that the mechanism of infection was direct invasion of the urinary tract from contaminated urodynamic study equipment. Here, we discuss the role played by isotonic solutions in facilitating bacterial reproduction

A Rare Case of Soft-Tissue Infection Caused by Raoultella planticola

Raoultella species are Gram-negative, non-motile bacilli primarily considered to be environmental bacteria. Raoultella planticola is a rare cause of human infections. We report a case of serious soft-tissue infection in a young male tiler who presented with cellulitis of his left thumb. He had sustained a crush injury to his left thumb 10 days earlier in a soiled environment. He noted a minor break in the skin and he washed the wound out with running water. One week later, he experienced pain, erythema, and swelling of his thumb and attended his general practitioner who prescribed oral flucloxacillin and penicillin V. Despite this treatment, he noticed progressive erythema and swelling of his thumb requiring hospital admission 3 days later. He underwent washout and debridement of his thumb. Tissue obtained intraoperatively cultured Raoultella planticola. He was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics including ciprofloxacin and made a full and rapid recovery

Emergence of Raoultella ornithinolytica producing AmpC -Beta lactamases in the different clinical specimens

The incidence of AmpC β –lactamases producing member of Enterobacteriaceae is increasing in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate AmpC β –lactamases production by clinical isolates of Raoultella  ornithinolytica by phenotypic detection (AmpC  disc  test (ADT) and modified three dimensional test(MTDT)) . Twenty isolates(8.73%) of Raoultella sp. were identified among 229 (70.89%) different bacteria (gram negative and gram positive) that isolated from different clinical specimens (urine 8(9.8%), burns 5(12.19%), wound5(6.3%) and stool 2(8.6%)) .Three species of Raoultella were isolated in this study that included Raoultella  ornithinolytica (16(6.98%)), Raoultella  terrigena (3 (1.31%)) and Raoultella planticola(1(0.43%)). Thirteen (81%) and10(62.5%) of Raoultella  ornithinolytica were resist to cefoxitin and amoxicillin-clavulanate respectively,10 out of 13 cefoxitin resistant and all isolates that resistant to   amoxicillin-clavulanate were produced AmpC β –lactamases by two  phenotypic tests .The AmpC β – lactamases producers were distributed to 3(100%) from burns ,6(75%)from urine and 1(33.3%) from wounds .The study showed AmpC β – lactamases producers were also high resist to other antibiotics that included tetracycline (90%) and ciprofloxacin(80%),and all isolates (100%) were sensitive to imipenem . KEYWORDS: Raoultella ornithinolytica, AmpC β –lactamases, clinical specimens

Genome Announc

We isolated Raoultella planticola from a river water sample, which was phenotypically indistinguishable from Escherichia coli on MI agar. The genome sequence of R.\uc2\ua0planticola was determined to gain information about its metabolic functions contributing to its false positive appearance of E.\uc2\ua0coli on MI agar. We report the first whole genome sequence of Raoultella planticola