Toward an overall analytical framework for the integrated sustainability assessment of the production and supply of raw materials and primary energy carriers

The sustainable production and supply of raw materials (nonenergy raw materials) and primary energy carriers (energy raw materials) is a core element of many policies. The natural resource base for their production and supply, and the access thereto, are limited. Moreover, raw material supply is high on environmental and social impact agendas as well. A broad, quantitative framework that supports decision makers is recommended so as to make use of raw materials and primary energy carriers more sustainably. First, this article proposes a holistic classification of raw materials and primary energy carriers. This is an essential prerequisite for developing an integrated sustainability assessment framework (ISAF). Indeed, frequently, only a subset of raw materials and primary energy carriers are considered in terms of their source, sector, or final application. Here, 85 raw materials and 30 primary energy carriers overall are identified and grouped into seven and five subgroups, respectively. Next, this article proposes a quantitative ISAF for the production and supply of raw materials and primary energy carriers, covering all the sustainability pillars. With the goal of comprehensiveness, the proposed ISAF integrates sustainability issues that have been covered and modeled in quite different quantitative frameworks: ecosystem services; classical life cycle assessment (LCA); social LCA; resource criticality assessment; and particular international concerns (e.g., conflict minerals assessment). The resulting four areas of concerns (i.e., environmental, technical, economic, and social/societal) are grouped into ten specific sustainability concerns. Finally, these concerns are quantified through 15 indicators, enabling the quantitative sustainability assessment of the production and supply of raw materials and primary energy carriers

Industrial waste management within manufacturing: a comparative study of tools, policies, visions and concepts

Industrial waste is a key factor when assessing the sustainability of a manufacturing process or company. A multitude of visions, concepts, tools, and policies are used both academically and industrially to improve the environmental effect of manufacturing; a majority of these approaches have a direct bearing on industrial waste. The identified approaches have in this paper been categorised according to application area, goals, organisational entity, life cycle phase, and waste hierarchy stage; the approaches have also been assessed according to academic prevalence, semantic aspects, and overlaps. In many cases the waste management approaches have similar goals and approaches, which cause confusion and disorientation for companies aiming to synthesise their management systems to fit their waste management strategy. Thus, a study was performed on how waste management approaches can be integrated to reach the vision of zero waste in manufacturing

The analysis of toxic connections content in water by spectral methods

The current state of ecology means the strict observance of measures for the utilization of household and industrial wastes that is connected with very essential expenses of means and time. Thanks to spectroscopic devices usage the spectral methods allow to carry out the express quantitative and qualitative analysis in a workplace and field conditions. In a work the application of spectral methods by studying the degradation of toxic organic compounds after preliminary radiation of various sources is shown. Experimental data of optical density of water at various influences are given

Industrial symbiosis and urban areas: A systematic literature review and future research directions

This paper proposes a systematic literature review concerning the implementation of industrial symbiosis (IS) within urban areas, a concept that has been defined by the literature as "urban symbiosis" and "urban-industrial symbiosis", indifferently. 26 papers published between 2009 and 2018 are analyzed. This review is aimed at highlighting: (1) the specific research goals addressed; (2) the IS synergies currently implemented within urban areas; and (3) barriers and enablers to the implementation of IS within urban areas. Suggestions for future research are also proposed

Quick Wins Workshop and Companies Profiling to Analyze Industrial Symbiosis Potential. Valenciaport's Cluster as Case Study

[EN] Industrial symbiosis (IS) improves resource efficiency and creates sustainable opportunities by encouraging synergies between industries. However, managers still have difficulties in promoting IS, given the lack of appropriate managerial tools to efficiently obtain an overview of IS potential. In this paper, a procedure merging the Quick Wins Workshop format with clustering techniques is proposed, in order to both identify IS opportunities and support IS creation in the industrial cluster of Valenciaport. A total of 18 stakeholders took part in the study. As a result, 79 different resources classified into eight categories-materials (16), goods (14), space (11), expertise (11), energy (9), services (8), hydrocarbons (7), and water (3)-were derived and a total of 78 possible matchings were found. The creation of IS was supported by the clustering methods, which allow for the definition of common symbiotic features among stakeholders, classifying them into groups with similar IS potential. Three IS profiles were identified (high, medium, and low IS potential) and two strategic projects were devised, accordingly. It can be concluded that the proposed procedure provides useful managerial tools to identify resource flows, uncover patterns of exchange, identify possible matchings, and devise projects in communities interested in fostering IS from scratch.This research was funded by the Valencian Institute of Business Competitiveness (IVACE), grant number IMAMCA/2019/1.Artacho Ramírez, MÁ.; Pacheco-Blanco, B.; Cloquell Ballester, VA.; Vicent, M.; Celades, I. (2020). Quick Wins Workshop and Companies Profiling to Analyze Industrial Symbiosis Potential. Valenciaport's Cluster as Case Study. 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Information and Communication Technology for Industrial Symbiosis. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 14(5), 740-753. doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2010.00273.xThe Materials Marketplacehttp://materialsmarketplace.org/Online Waste Exchange for Businesses and Organizations in Singaporehttp://www.zerowastesg.com/Zero Waste Scotlandhttp://cme.resourceefficientscotland.com/materialsCecelja, F., Raafat, T., Trokanas, N., Innes, S., Smith, M., Yang, A., … Kokossis, A. (2015). e-Symbiosis: technology-enabled support for Industrial Symbiosis targeting Small and Medium Enterprises and innovation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 98, 336-352. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.08.051Low, J. S. C., Tjandra, T. B., Yunus, F., Chung, S. Y., Tan, D. Z. L., Raabe, B., … Herrmann, C. (2018). A Collaboration Platform for Enabling Industrial Symbiosis: Application of the Database Engine for Waste-to-Resource Matching. Procedia CIRP, 69, 849-854. doi:10.1016/j.procir.2017.11.075Kastner, C. A., Lau, R., & Kraft, M. (2015). Quantitative tools for cultivating symbiosis in industrial parks; a literature review. Applied Energy, 155, 599-612. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.05.037Evans, D. S., & Schmalensee, R. (2010). Failure to Launch: Critical Mass in Platform Businesses. Review of Network Economics, 9(4). doi:10.2202/1446-9022.1256Baas, L. (2000). Developing an Industrial Ecosystem in Rotterdam: Learning by … What? Journal of Industrial Ecology, 4(2), 4-6. doi:10.1162/108819800569753Park, H.-S., & Won, J.-Y. (2008). Ulsan Eco-industrial Park: Challenges and Opportunities. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 11(3), 11-13. doi:10.1162/jiec.2007.1346Boehme, S. E., Panero, M. A., Muñoz, G. R., Powers, C. W., & Valle, S. N. (2009). Collaborative Problem Solving Using an Industrial Ecology Approach. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 13(5), 811-829. doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2009.00166_2.xMat, N., Cerceau, J., Shi, L., Park, H.-S., Junqua, G., & Lopez-Ferber, M. (2016). Socio-ecological transitions toward low-carbon port cities: trends, changes and adaptation processes in Asia and Europe. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 362-375. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.04.058Schlüter, L., Mortensen, L., & Kørnøv, L. (2020). Industrial symbiosis emergence and network development through reproduction. Journal of Cleaner Production, 252, 119631. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119631Mortensen, L., & Kørnøv, L. (2019). Critical factors for industrial symbiosis emergence process. Journal of Cleaner Production, 212, 56-69. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.222Lombardi, D. R., & Laybourn, P. (2012). Redefining Industrial Symbiosis. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 16(1), 28-37. doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2011.00444.xPunj, G., & Stewart, D. W. (1983). Cluster Analysis in Marketing Research: Review and Suggestions for Application. Journal of Marketing Research, 20(2), 134-148. doi:10.1177/002224378302000204Albino, V., Fraccascia, L., & Giannoccaro, I. (2016). Exploring the role of contracts to support the emergence of self-organized industrial symbiosis networks: an agent-based simulation study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 112, 4353-4366. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.06.070Chopra, S. S., & Khanna, V. (2014). Understanding resilience in industrial symbiosis networks: Insights from network analysis. Journal of Environmental Management, 141, 86-94. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.12.038Paquin, R. L., & Howard-Grenville, J. (2012). The Evolution of Facilitated Industrial Symbiosis. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 16(1), 83-93. doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2011.00437.xPaquin, R. L., & Howard-Grenville, J. (2013). Blind Dates and Arranged Marriages: Longitudinal Processes of Network Orchestration. Organization Studies, 34(11), 1623-1653. doi:10.1177/0170840612470230Jensen, P. D. (2016). The role of geospatial industrial diversity in the facilitation of regional industrial symbiosis. 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Sustainability of food supply chains – mapping food waste and by-product synergies

Purpose: This conceptual paper introduces the theoretical and methodological basis of an analytical framework conceived with the purpose of bringing industrial ecology perspectives into the core of the underlying disciplines supporting studies concerned with environmental sustainability aspects beyond product life cycle boundaries in a supply chain. Research Approach: To develop the framework, we draw from a previous LCA-driven methodological approach applied to investigate industrial activities with the purpose of defining industrial ecology strategies for the development of ‘eco-industrial clusters’. We expand on this approach by combining it with the waste model for the food sector to classify the inventory of food waste and by-products generated in different stages of a food supply chain. Finally, food waste and by-product flows are considered with basis on the European waste hierarchy model and core industrial symbiosis concepts. These flows depict two time-related scenarios: 1. Present scenarios showing the status quo of current waste and by-product flows, and 2. Future scenarios pointing out potential food waste and by-product synergies along the supply chain. Findings and Originality: Different ecosystems scenarios are expected to emerge from the analysis applied in different industrial stages of a food supply chain: Farming, manufacturing, and retailing. The scenarios are the main outcomes of the analysis process and they ultimately describe potential food waste and by-product synergies not only within and between core industrial activities of the supply chain being studied, but also potential industrial linkages with organisations outside the supply chain that are nonetheless located in areas adjacent to the core industries in the supply chain being analyzed. Research Impact: By bringing industrial ecology perspectives into the analytical framework developed, the paper provides a valuable and innovative contribution to the wider debate on how supply chains meet the challenges of sustainability. Given the pressing challenges faced by the food sector, the framework focuses upon waste minimization through industrial linkages in food supply chains. The combination of industrial ecology practice with basic LCA elements, the waste hierarchy model, and the spatial scale of industrial symbiosis allows the standardization of qualitative analyses and associated outcomes. Such standardization enables comparative analysis not only between different stages of a supply chain, but also between different supply chains. Practical Impact: The analytical approach proposed contributes more coherently to the wider circular economy aspiration of optimizing the flow of goods to get the most out of raw materials and cuts wastes to a minimum. The transition to a circular economy based upon circular design and production, new circular business models involving reverse cycles and cascading of products, by-products and waste, as well as cross-cycle and cross-sector collaborations beyond traditional supply chain boundaries, requires a refreshed understanding of more current circular supply chain archetypes

Potensi Penerapan Konsep Ekologi Industri Untuk Mengatasi Limbah Peternakan Dan Pertanian Kelompok Tani

The agriculture and livestock sector is the biggest contributor to environmental damage. Where from the total national sources of greenhouse gases, the agricultural sector accounted for 13.6%. From this data, there needs to be an appropriate design to deal with this problem. One way is to apply the concept of industrial ecology as the best solution to deal with this problem. So that in this study quantitative calculations were carried out to determine the potential application of the concept of industrial ecology in the agriculture and animal husbandry sector in the Tojang Maju 3 Farmer Group located in Masbagik District, East Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province. The study was conducted with a quantitative calculation of waste generated by the livestock sector as well as farmer group questions, which then carried out the design process of the industrial ecological model. The results obtained the use of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) in the agricultural sector as much as 280.5 for rice, 37.4 for chilli farming, and 37.4 liters for cabbage farming and the rest as sources of economics. Whereas straw produced by rice farming (57,000 kg) is used as silage in the livestock sector with a demand of 4,957.2 kg. Rice straw is also used in the chilli agriculture sector as mulch with a requirement of 1,140 kg and the rest (50,903 kg) is used as raw material for the production of synthetic gas for energy sources of farmer groups. While the rest of the chilli and cabbage agricultural products are used as raw material for biogas with a mass of around 70,300 kg which is directly utilized by the groups. For cow as much as 5,355 kg is fed to the biogas digester as biogas for the consumption of farmer groups, with a gas potential of 535.5 m3

Effect of Nitrate, Acetate and Hydrogen on Native Perchlorate-reducing Microbial Communities and Their Activity in Vadose Soil

The effect of nitrate, acetate, and hydrogen on native perchlorate-reducing bacteria (PRB) was examined by conducting microcosm tests using vadose soil collected from a perchlorate-contaminated site. The rate of perchlorate reduction was enhanced by hydrogen amendment and inhibited by acetate amendment, compared with unamendment. Nitrate was reduced before perchlorate in all amendments. In hydrogen-amended and unamended soils, nitrate delayed perchlorate reduction, suggesting that the PRB preferentially use nitrate as an electron acceptor. In contrast, nitrate eliminated the inhibitory effect of acetate amendment on perchlorate reduction and increased the rate and the extent, possibly because the preceding nitrate reduction/denitrification decreased the acetate concentration that was inhibitory to the native PRB. In hydrogen-amended and unamended soils, perchlorate reductase gene (pcrA) copies, representing PRB densities, increased with either perchlorate or nitrate reduction, suggesting that either perchlorate or nitrate stimulates the growth of the PRB. In contrast, in acetate-amended soil pcrA increased only when perchlorate was depleted: a large portion of the PRB may have not utilized nitrate in this amendment. Nitrate addition did not alter the distribution of the dominant pcrA clones in hydrogen-amended soil, likely because of the functional redundancy of PRB as nitrate-reducers/denitrifiers, whereas acetate selected different pcrA clones from those with hydrogen amendment

KAWASAN INDUSTRI BERBASIS EKOLOGI

This study aims to analyze alternative priorities of the development strategy of Ecology-Based Industrial Zone (EBIZ) and a key of programe in the development strategy of the EBIZ concept. Data analysis was performed using the method of system integration experts, which AHP and ISM. Data collected in the form of secondary data (real data and hypothetical data), both quantitative and qualitative where data collection was done by using survey techniques. The manufacturing industry is one sector the largest foreign exchange earner for the national economy. However, the sector is under pressure due to the high contribution to the reduction of environmental quality and relatively high dependence on natural resources. During the manufacturing industry see the waste that it generates as a burden which if addressed fully will be able to reduce the competitiveness of the industry. Facing the challenges of the 21st century industry, came the concept of "industrial ecology," which is a concept that aims to implement a system of ecological systems in the industry. This concept can be applied successfully in groups of manufacturing industries located in an industrial area that is known as "eco-industrial parks." The result is a top priority for the development strategy of Region-Based Industrial Ecology is the implementation of an integrated Ecology-Based Industrial Zone by industrial relocation to the industrial area. The success of the effort to implement integrated Ecology-Based Industrial Zone by relocation of industries to the industrial area should be supported by several factors, of which the foremost is the consistency of legislatio