Pengaruh Komposisi Bahan Baku dan Kadar Perekat Tepung Tapioka Terhadap Kualitas Briket dari Campuran Daun Ketapang dan Tempurung Kelapa

Ketapang leaves are an example of biomass that can be used to make briquettes. However, ketapang leaves produce a low calorific value, so they require additional ingredients to increase the calorific value, one of which is coconut shell. This research aims to evaluate how variations in raw material composition and adhesive content of tapioca flour affect the quality of briquettes on the parameters of calorific value, water content, ash content, volatile substances, fixed carbon content, and density. The method applied in this research involved mixing ketapang leaf charcoal and coconut shell charcoal, then adding adhesive in the form of tapioca flour. The study results showed that all the briquettes tested met SNI 8966-2021 standards except for the density parameter. The conclusion of this study is that the greater the composition of the briquette raw materials and the lower the adhesive content of tapioca flour, the better the quality of the briquettes. The mixed briquettes that produce the best quality are composed of 20% Ketapang leaf charcoal and 80% coconut shell charcoal. The tapioca flour adhesive that delivers the best quality briquettes is at a percentage of 5%.Daun ketapang merupakan contoh biomassa yang dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi briket. Namun, daun ketapang menghasilkan nilai kalor yang rendah sehingga membutuhkan bahan tambahan untuk meningkatkan nilai kalor, salah satunya adalah tempurung kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi bagaimana variasi komposisi bahan baku dan kadar perekat tepung tapioka memengaruhi kualitas briket. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini melibatkan pencampuran arang daun ketapang dan arang tempurung kelapa, lalu ditambahkan perekat berupa tepung tapioka. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa semua briket yang diuji sudah memenuhi standar SNI 8966-2021 kecuali pada parameter densitas. Kesimpulan dari studi tersebut adalah semakin banyak komposisi bahan baku briket dan semakin rendah kadar perekat tepung tapioka maka kualitas briket akan semakin baik. Briket campuran yang menghasilkan kualitas terbaik adalah pada komposisi 20% arang daun ketapang : 80% arang tempurung kelapa. Perekat tepung tapioka yang menghasilkan kualitas briket terbaik adalah pada persentase 5%

Strategi Pengelolaan Sampah Di Pesantren Dayah Darul Ihsan Aceh Besar

Waste is a problem that is constantly being discussed and a solution is sought. Every minute, second we will produce waste, both biodegradable and non-biodegradable. Waste generated from human activities will affect humans and the ecosystem around where they live. The purpose of this study is to find out the waste management strategy implemented at the Dayah Darul Ihsan Islamic Boarding School in Aceh Besar and the obstacles in waste management that exist at the Islamic Boarding School Dayah Darul Ihsan Aceh Besar. The method used in this study is observation and library research. The results of this study indicate that there are already several waste management strategies at the Darul Ihsan Islamic Boarding School, including the application of the 3R concept (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), making eco bricks from snack waste, sorting waste in the classroom and dormitory environment, and establishing a waste bank. While the obstacles encountered are the lack of synergy from school members, the lack of awareness from each individual to sort waste, and the lack of implementation of integration between learning and caring for the environment. Keywords: 3R concept; environmental education; waste managementSampah merupakan masalah yang terus-menerus dibincangkan dan dicari pemecahannya. Setiap menit, detik kita akan menghasilkan sampah, baik yang jenisnya dapat terurai maupun tidak dapat terurai. Sampah yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan manusia akan berpengaruh pada manusia dan ekosistem di sekitar tempat tinggalnya. Tujuan dari kajian ini untuk mengetahui strategi pengelolaan sampah yang dilakukan di Pesantren Dayah Darul Ihsan Aceh Besar serta hambatan dalam pengelolaan sampah yang terdapat di Pesantren Dayah Darul Ihsan Aceh Besar. Metode dalam kajian ini berupa observasi dan studi kepustakaan atau library research. Adapun hasil dari kajian ini menunjukkan sudah terdapat beberapa strategi pengelolaan sampah di Pesantren Darul Ihsan, diantaranya penerapan konsep 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), pembuatan ecobrick dari sampah jajanannya, pemilahan sampah di kelas dan lingkungan asrama, serta pembentukan bank sampah. Sedangkan hambatan yang ditemui adalah kurangnya sinergi dari warga sekolah, masih kurangnya kesadaran dari setiap individu untuk memilah sampah, serta belum adanya penerapan integrasi antara pembelajaran dan sikap peduli lingkungan. Kata kunci: Konsep 3R; Pendidikan Lingkungan; Pengelolaan Sampa

Application of Machine Learning for Academic Outcome Prediction: A Methodological Comparative Study

Academic performance prediction is a crucial area in education; however, the complexity of influencing factors often cannot be adequately captured by simple linear models. This research conducts a methodological comparative analysis of five machine learning models Simple Linear Regression, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to determine the most accurate predictive approach using a comprehensive dataset encompassing academic, behavioral, and psychosocial factors. The models were evaluated using Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and R-squared (R2) metrics. Evaluation results on the test data revealed that the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model unexpectedly delivered the most superior performance, achieving an R2 value of 0.7324 and the lowest RMSE of 2.0391. Further analysis from non-linear models identified Attendance and Hours_Studied as the two factors with the highest predictive influence. This study concludes that interpretable models like MLR can be highly effective when supported by relevant features, offering practical implications for institutions to develop effective early warning systems by focusing on key, actionable factors

Simulasi variasi sudut lidah volute casing terhadap kecepatan aliran udara pada blower tipe forward blade

Optimization of volute design is essential for the performance of centrifugal pumps and blowers. This study investigates the effect of volute tongue angle variation on air velocity and flow rate in volute casing design using flow simulations. The volute design was tested with tongue angles of 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75°, based on theoretical equations of flow rate and volute radius. Simulation results indicated that increasing the volute tongue angle enlarges the volute cross-sectional area. Generally, this enlargement decreases air velocity but increases the flow rate. A 75° tongue angle produced the highest flow rate of 4.860 m³/s, while the highest velocity, 21.35 m/s, was observed at 15°. This behavior aligns with the principle of mass conservation, where a larger cross-sectional area leads to reduced fluid velocity. These findings suggest that volute designs with larger tongue angles can optimize the flow capacity.Blower tipe centrifugal banyak dibutuhkan oleh industri sebagai sirkulator udara pada sebuah sistem, seperti sistem pengering biji-bijian untuk membuat benih tanam. Sistem pengering bekerja menyemburkan udara kering ke biji-bijian agar kadar air dapat berkurang. Tujuan penelitian adalah merancang, dan menganalisis hasil simulasi kinerja volute casing blower centrifugal dengan variasi sudut lidah volute terhadap kecepatan aliran udara yang dihasilkan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, dimana data simulasi ditampilkan dalam bentuk grafik untuk mengamati hubungan antara variasi nilai sudut terhadap kecepatan aliran fluida. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan semakin besar sudut lidah volute mengakibatkan luas area penampang semakin besar sehingga menyebabkan semakin rendah nilai kecepatan aliran udara. Kecepatan rerata tertinggi tercatat sebesar 20,89  m/s pada sudut lidah volute 15o. dengan luas area penampang 172515mm2. Kecepatan rerata terendah sebesar 15,13 m/s pada sudut lidah volute 60o dengan luas area penampang 262260 mm

Monitoring Konsumsi Daya Listrik Menggunakan Google Spreadsheet

The lack of detailed information on the daily electricity consumption of each electronic device can hinder the accurate calculation of electricity consumption costs. This can affect the accuracy and ease of access to electricity consumption data. This research aims to develop an electric power reading system using the PZEM-004T sensor, an electricity power monitoring system, and the cost of electricity usage through Google Sheets. The system is designed to measure current, voltage, power, and electricity costs with high accuracy. The test results show that the KWH meter reading system can measure electricity consumption using the PZEM-004T sensor with accuracy values of 99.805% for voltage (volts), 89.71% for current (amperes), and 99.98% for power (watts) in each test. The data from the sensor monitoring system and cost calculations can be effectively displayed on Google Sheets, which functions well for measuring and displaying data for current, voltage, power, and electricity billing. &nbsp

Analisis Intensitas Turbulensi Terhadap Kestabilan Kecepatan Angin Test Section pada Struktur Wind Tunnel

Wind tunnels in aerodynamic testing always have very large sizes to avoid high turbulence intensity. Turbulence intensity analysis is used to determine the size of a smaller wind tunnel to be more efficient in limited space. The use of epoxy fiber resin material is because lighter than aluminum with a thickness of 5mm. The purpose of the study was to produce a wind tunnel with a small size with low turbulence intensity and minimize large manufacture costs. The method used is constructive to analyze the wind tunnel design in determining the maximum wind flow speed at test section does not exceed the turbulence intensity limit. The results of the analysis showed that the wind tunnel structure design has the ability to receive an inlet wind flow of 5 m / s with a maximum wind flow speed at the test location of 10.7 m / s. The wind tunnel design cannot exceed the maximum wind flow speed at the test section because it will produce turbulence intensity above 5% which affects the test result

Improving Cervical Cancer Classification Using ADASYN and Random Forest with GridSearchCV Optimization

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death among women, with over 300,000 deaths recorded in 2020. This study aims to improve the accuracy of cervical cancer diagnosis classification through a combination of Adaptive Synthetic Sampling (ADASYN) and Random Forest algorithm. The research data was obtained from the Cervical Cancer dataset in the UCI Machine Learning Repository with an imbalanced data distribution of 95% negative class and 5% positive class. ADASYN method was chosen for its ability to handle imbalanced data by focusing on minority data points that are difficult to classify. The Random Forest algorithm was optimized using GridSearchCV to achieve maximum performance. Results show that this combination improved accuracy from 96.5% to 96.8% and recall from 93.7% to 94.3%. Feature importance analysis identified key risk factors such as number of pregnancies, age at first sexual intercourse, and hormonal contraceptive use that significantly influence diagnosis. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of combining ADASYN and Random Forest in enhancing classification performance for early cervical cancer detection.Kanker serviks merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian pada wanita, dengan lebih dari 300.000 kematian tercatat pada tahun 2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan akurasi klasifikasi diagnosis kanker serviks melalui kombinasi metode Adaptive Synthetic Sampling (ADASYN) dan algoritma Random Forest. Data penelitian diambil dari dataset Cervical Cancer pada UCI Machine Learning Repository dengan distribusi data tidak seimbang 95% kelas negatif dan 5% kelas positif. Metode ADASYN dipilih karena kemampuannya dalam menangani data tidak seimbang dengan fokus pada titik data minoritas yang sulit diklasifikasikan. Algoritma Random Forest dioptimasi menggunakan GridSearchCV untuk menghasilkan performa maksimal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi metode ini meningkatkan akurasi dari 96,5% menjadi 96,8% dan recall dari 93,7% menjadi 94,3%. Analisis feature importance mengidentifikasi faktor risiko utama seperti jumlah kehamilan, usia pertama melakukan hubungan seksual, dan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap diagnosis. Penelitian ini membuktikan efektivitas kombinasi ADASYN dan Random Forest dalam meningkatkan performa klasifikasi untuk deteksi dini kanker serviks

Prediksi Diabetes menggunakan Metode Ensemble Learning dengan Teknik Soft Voting

Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels due to the body\u27s inability to produce or use insulin effectively. This disease is one of the serious global health problems, and it has a significant impact; therefore, early detection is very important. Efforts to overcome this challenge can be made by applying machine learning, which provides a new and effective approach. This study aims to predict diabetes with a higher accuracy level through the Ensemble Learning Soft Voting method. In addition, the data balancing technique using SMOTE is applied to overcome the problem of imbalance in the data set. This study also compares various classification models using Machine Learning algorithms, namely LightGBM, XGBoost, and Random Forest. The test results show that the Random Forest model achieves the highest level of accuracy at 97.20%. In comparison, the Ensemble Learning Soft Voting method that combines the three algorithms has increased the accuracy to 97.74%. This Ensemble Learning approach has proven effective in significantly improving predictions and performing better than a single model

Pengaruh Quenching Terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Struktur Mikro Baut Connecting Rod Bekas Untuk Alat Gesek FSW

One method of joining soft metals such as aluminum that is widely used is Friction Stir Welding (FSW). The friction tool is a very important part of FSW. Friction tools are usually made from hardened H13 steel. This research aims to make a friction tool from steel connecting rod bolts used in marine diesel engines. The experimental methods used include FSW tool design, heat treatment of the material at a temperature of 900oC followed by a quenching process with water and salt water cooling media, then continued with material testing (chemical composition test, hardness test, and micrographic test). The test results obtained from the chemical composition test show that the connecting rod bolts include AISI 4145 steel material. The highest hardness value obtained from the connecting rod steel in the saltwater quenching process was 52.67 HRC with a martensite phase, as seen from the micrographic test. Used steel connecting rod bolts from marine diesel engines can be used as FSW friction tool material

Rancang Bangun Mesin Pengemasan Pupuk Kompos Limbah Penyulingan Minyak Kayu Putih Berbasis Sistem Kendali PLC

Ujungmanik Village has a eucalyptus oil distillery with essential oil products produced of 100 kg per year. The problem is that the waste from the eucalyptus oil distillation, in the form of twigs and leaves from the eucalyptus oil distillation, accumulates and reduces the production area. The purpose of this study was to design a eucalyptus waste compost fertilizer packaging machine with the addition of a load cell sensor. The method used in making this compost fertilizer packaging machine is a PLC control system for the packaging section and ESP8266 is used to control the load cell sensor for weighing during the packaging process. The test results show that the eucalyptus oil distillation waste compost fertilizer packaging machine based on the PLC control system is capable of packaging 1000-gram organic fertilizer by the load cell sensor and is capable of packaging 10 plastic bags. Based on the monitoring results through the Blynk application, the packaging has an average value of 994.1 grams and an error percentage of 2.1%Desa Ujungmanik memiliki penyulingan minyak kayu putih dengan produk minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan sebesar 100 kg pertahun. Permasalahan yang terjadi adalah limbah sisa penyulingan minyak kayu putih, berupa ranting dan daun sisa penyulingan minyak kayu putih menumpuk dan mengurangi area produksi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membuat rancang bangun mesin pengemasan pupuk kompos limbah kayu putih dengan tambahan sensor load cell. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan mesin pengemasan pupuk kompos ini dengan sistem kontrol PLC untuk bagian pengemasan dan ESP8266 digunakan untuk kontrol sensor load cell pada penimbangan pada saat proses pengemasan. Hasil pengujian bahwa mesin pengemasan pupuk kompos limbah penyulingan minyak kayu putih berbasis sistem kendali PLC mampu mengemas pupuk organik kapasitas 1000 gram oleh sensor load cell  serta mampu mengemas 10 kantong plastik. Berdasarkan hasil monitoring melalui aplikasi blynk, pengemasan memiliki nilai  rata-rata sebesar 994,1 gram dan persentase error sebesar 2,1