The Making of Cultural Policy: A European Perspective

No good comparable data on sizes of cultural sectors of the countries of Europe exist. Still, local and national governments of Europe spend substantial resources on culture and cultural sectors contribute significantly to employment and national income. After briefly describing special features of cultural goods and clarifying some misconceptions about the value of culture, valid and invalid arguments for subsidising culture are discussed. Although it is easy to justify government support for preservation of heritage, this is more difficult for the performing arts. Due to changing technologies and advent of E-culture classic public-good arguments for government intervention in broadcasting and other cultural activities become less relevant. Different institutions varying from selection by arts councils, bureaucrats or politicians to less directed tax incentives lead to different cultural landscapes. Theories of delegation suggest delegating the judgement on artistic qualities and execution of cultural policy to an independent Arts Fund. The Minister of Culture should concentrate on formulating a mission for cultural policy and make sure it is implemented properly. The insights of the theories of local public goods and federalism are applied to the making of cultural policy in Europe. Different approaches to international cultural policy in Europe are discussed. The overview concludes with lessons for the making of cultural policy in Europe.cultural policy, heritage, performing arts, museums, quality, participation, vouchers, tax incentives, quality, politicians, bureaucrats, delegation

Review of the Synergies Between Computational Modeling and Experimental Characterization of Materials Across Length Scales

With the increasing interplay between experimental and computational approaches at multiple length scales, new research directions are emerging in materials science and computational mechanics. Such cooperative interactions find many applications in the development, characterization and design of complex material systems. This manuscript provides a broad and comprehensive overview of recent trends where predictive modeling capabilities are developed in conjunction with experiments and advanced characterization to gain a greater insight into structure-properties relationships and study various physical phenomena and mechanisms. The focus of this review is on the intersections of multiscale materials experiments and modeling relevant to the materials mechanics community. After a general discussion on the perspective from various communities, the article focuses on the latest experimental and theoretical opportunities. Emphasis is given to the role of experiments in multiscale models, including insights into how computations can be used as discovery tools for materials engineering, rather than to "simply" support experimental work. This is illustrated by examples from several application areas on structural materials. This manuscript ends with a discussion on some problems and open scientific questions that are being explored in order to advance this relatively new field of research.Comment: 25 pages, 11 figures, review article accepted for publication in J. Mater. Sc

We Can\u27t Fix Their Idiot Lives: Juvenile Treatment Programs in an Era of Neoliberal Social Abandonment

Using two months of interviews and fieldwork at Youth Care Corp., a non-residential treatment program for court mandated youth, this project serves as a case study and critique of theorized structural shifts around and within the crime control apparatuses of the U.S., such as the expanding privatization of welfare, increases in risk management thinking, and the abandonment of the rehabilitative ideal. In this paper I argue that a combination of these forces, in particular the de-funding of welfare services and move away from deviant rehabilitation, has created a tension within Youth Care Corp. between its institutional focus on the responsibilizing empowerment of low-risk youth and the informal, unprofessional provision of welfarist direct aid by individual staff

Accountants\u27 index. Twenty-seventh supplement, January-December 1978, volume 1: A-L

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_accind/1031/thumbnail.jp

Accountants\u27 index. Twenty-seventh supplement, January-December 1978, volume 2: M-Z

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_accind/1032/thumbnail.jp

IMAGERY MATTERS: EXPLORING THE REPRESENTATION(S) OF AFRICAN AMERICAN MALE STUDENTS IN SEASON FOUR OF THE WIRE.

The educational challenges facing young African American male students are complex and multifaceted. The media play a significant role in the perpetuation of these challenges, due to the historically negative and stereotypical portrayals of Black males. Despite the plethora of research and discourse about the educational attainment of African American male students, few studies explore the academic and masculine portrayals of this population of students in the media. Using a textual analysis guided by a theoretical framework of cultural representation and televisual realism, this qualitative inquiry seeks to examine and interpret the cultural message(s) The Wire conveyed about African American male students in the era of No Child Left Behind. This study explores the intersection between academic and masculine portrayals of four young African American male students in season 4 of The Wire using dimensions of cool pose and traditional stereotypical tropes and counter-tropes that visual media have historically used to portray African American males in visual media. The findings from this study revealed that the four boys studied in season 4 of The Wire were multi-dimensional characters. As such, they were characterized using traditional stereotypical tropes, but their characterizations shifted into more encouraging representations. The shift in these characterizations created emergent themes that spoke to the cultural messages conveyed about African American male student characters through season 4 of The Wire. The findings from this study have implications for policy, school leadership, and future research. First, Congress should commission a committee of representatives from civil rights groups, foundations, and media reform activists to review and assess the historical and contemporary portrayals of African American males on television. Based on its findings, the committee should offer media reform recommendations to Congress. Second, because school systems currently struggle with identifying appropriate methods to address the needs of African American male students, school systems and parent groups should collaborate with organizations and foundations that work to establish creative outlets for young men of color to tell their own stories in alternative media. Third, given few studies have explored the representation of African American male students in visual media, the field needs additional research in this area