A Study on the Role of Tim Cook’s in the Apple Inc. with High Creativity and Market Adaptability:Focus on Tim Cook While Comparing Tim Cook with Steve Jobs

Apple, the world's leading high-tech company, was leading the smartphone revolution in artificial intelligence and Steve Jobs, Apple's CEO, had been recognised as the soul of the company, but in fact, Jobs' personal characteristics and approach had shown that this success was not very sustainable as his strengths and weaknesses could easily cancel each other out in his first stint at Apple. When Jobs began his second stint at Apple, with the addition of Tim Cook, who mitigated the impact of Jobs' flaws[1]and continued to integrate the leadership, human resource management and business operations that Jobs was not so good at, Apple ushered in an era of industry dominance. However, the general public perception of the IT industry and many commentators were unclear on this matter, giving a great deal of credit to Steve Jobs, the symbol of Apple, and ignoring Tim Cook's job of ensuring that Apple's good operations and the ability of its product designers were not adversely affected by Jobs' death. Keywords: Leadership, Corporate Mission, CSR , Value Chain, Organisational Culture, Sense of Meaning, Incentives, Brand Culture, Psychological Capital, Management DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/15-17-05 Publication date:October 31st 2023 [1] Leander Kahney  2018 year  Tim Cook: The Genius Who Took Apple to the Next Level ( 2019  year  Chinese Translation by 李世凡'shi fan li'  梁德馨'de xin liang '  CITIC Press Corporatio

International Conference Management, Business and Economics

UBT Annual International Conference is the 9th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make them be aware of the recent advancements in different research fields, and provide them with a unique forum to share their experiences. It is also the place to support the new academic staff for doing research and publish their work in international standard level. This conference consists of sub conferences in different fields like: Art and Digital Media Agriculture, Food Science and Technology Architecture and Spatial Planning Civil Engineering, Infrastructure and Environment Computer Science and Communication Engineering Dental Sciences Education and Development Energy Efficiency Engineering Integrated Design Information Systems and Security Journalism, Media and Communication Law Language and Culture Management, Business and Economics Modern Music, Digital Production and Management Medicine and Nursing Mechatronics, System Engineering and Robotics Pharmaceutical and Natural Sciences Political Science Psychology Sport, Health and Society Security Studies This conference is the major scientific event of the UBT. It is organizing annually and always in cooperation with the partner universities from the region and Europe. We have to thank all Authors, partners, sponsors and also the conference organizing team making this event a real international scientific event

Essays in operations management

In the first essay, we investigate the impact of reciprocity in the dyadic supply chain. Our study is motivated by the experiences of the semiconductor and LCD industries, we investigate the impact of reciprocity in the dyadic supply chain. A notable characteristic in the above technology industries is the alternating possession of bargaining power caused by cyclical demand. We incorporate a reciprocal game in a dyadic supply channel over two periods. We investigate how a supplier is influenced and protects himself during the oversupply period by anticipating the buyer\u27s reciprocal behavior. Our results show that a supplier\u27s understanding of a buyer\u27s reciprocal behavior can mitigate double marginalization and can even fully coordinate the channel. This implies that even without a costly mechanism to resolve the double marginalization, appropriate consideration of the counterpart will increase channel efficiency. In the second essay, we consider a firm that manages a portfolio of customers placing orders that need replacement parts. The firm has both long-term and short-term customers. A long-term customer places both routine orders for routine maintenance and urgent orders due to emergency with a low margin for the firm and a short-term customer places urgent orders with a high margin for the firm. Routine orders provide stable loads and generate efficiency. Considering the increase in efficiency by routine orders, there is a trade-off between the efficiency and profitability of the order portfolio. Motivated by data provided by the company, we build an analytical model to support optimal decision making. We identify the impact of an additional urgent order to the cost embedded in the future operations. Finally, we model the mixed integer program to support the company\u27s capacity plan. We conclude with in sights provided to the firm and managerial insights for optimal customer order portfolios. In the third essay, we focus on the economic benefit of profound technology projects as milestones are achieved. Ce-Al alloy project by CMI promotes an example. The project we use replaces the current aluminum (Al) alloy with Al-cerium (Ce) alloy in an engine block and an engine head to increase the operational efficiency of the vehicle. We can expect higher fuel efficiency as well as a lower cost of production. The Ce-Al alloy development project by the Critical Material Institute (CMI) announces an achievement level at every milestone. The model keeps track of two goals, efficiency improvement and production cost reduction. Based on the progress about those two R&D tracks, the research question involves when to add capacity for production to maximize profits and how to adjust the R&D strategy to maximize benefit. The problem is modeled in a Bayesian update and a stochastic dynamic program. Insights from the model were used to estimate the economic benefit for CMI and suggestion for improvement

Distribution service : competition within and among retail formats

Distribution service provision is an important instrument for the creation of availability. The book addresses in five parts the role of distribution service in individual channel member decision making in a competitive retailing environment through theoretical and empirical modeling and analysis. The empirical applications all concern the Dutch domestic cut flower market. The book starts in part I with development of a new and integrative conceptualization for distribution service elaborating on views from logistics, economics, and psychology. The second part of the book addresses the theory underlying consumer evaluation of and choice from assortments. It provides a theoretical framework of consumption goals, situational, and contextual variables, including retailer distribution service provision, as determinants of consumer evaluation of and choice from assortments. Several hypotheses are tested in an empirical study. Extended multinomial logit modeling of the experimental choice data has been used as a tool for optimization of retail assortments. Part III investigates the role of retail distribution service provision in consumer post-purchase evaluation processes and extends existing research on consumer post-purchase evaluation. Part IV focuses on the role of distribution service in vertical and horizontal strategic interactions between channel members, particularly between manufacturers and retailers, and its consequences for the emergence of different channel structures and retail formats. A game-theoretic model has been developed for retail competition with respect to price and distribution service and its consequences for the emergence of differentiated retail formats. Finally, part V discusses research implications and future research challenges.</p

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN ROMANIA

The purpose of this paper is to identify the main opportunities and limitations of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The survey was defined with the aim to involve the highest possible number of relevant CSR topics and give the issue a more wholesome perspective. It provides a basis for further comprehension and deeper analyses of specific CSR areas. The conditions determining the success of CSR in Romania have been defined in the paper on the basis of the previously cumulative knowledge as well as the results of various researches. This paper provides knowledge which may be useful in the programs promoting CSR.Corporate social responsibility, Supportive policies, Romania

A Quantitative Study of Enrollment Change during the Great Recession at Non-selective Small Private Colleges and Universities

The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine factors related to enrollment in higher education during the 2008-2009 economic downturn. The study focused on small private colleges and universities without historic prestige, schools that are non-selective and dependent on enrollment tuition. When viewing student enrollment through a consumer viewpoint, attendance at these intuitions fits the definition of luxury goods, which are highly susceptible to income changes like those associated with a recession. Hedonic modeling was used on 38 colleges and universities throughout the Midwest. Descriptive statistics revealed that average enrollment at these institutions actually rose during the recession. Institutions with specific business programs outperformed those without. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between graduation rate and enrollment. There was a negative correlation between acceptance rate and enrollment. The presence of nursing programs had no correlations with enrollment. The economic theory of oligopoly was utilized to interpret behavior between schools. Bolman and Deal’s Political Frame theory was used to interpret decision-making at like institutions during times of change. The study revealed a tradeoff between long-run enrollment success and short-run enrollment success. Additionally, the study revealed that student enrollment at such institutions was not viewed as a luxury good. The study concludes with recommendations regarding institutional changes for maintaining or increasing enrollment, especially during economic downturns

Innovations in the Food System: Exploring the Future of Food

Innovations in Food Systems should be: Inclusive: ensuring economic and social inclusion for all food system actors, especially smallholders, women, and youth; Sustainable: minimizing negative environmental impacts, conserving scarce natural resources, and strengthening resiliency against future shocks; Efficient: producing adequate quantities of food for global needs while minimizing postharvest loss and consumer waste; Nutritious and healthy: enabling the consumption of a diverse range of healthy, nutritious, and safe foods. These are ambitious goals that will require multidisciplinary effort—from engineering to life sciences, biotechnology, medical sciences, social sciences, and economic sciences. New technologies and scientific discoveries are the solutions to the increasing demand for sufficient, safe, healthy, and sustainable foods influenced by the increased public awareness of their importance