Assessing the contribution of shallow and deep knowledge sources for word sense disambiguation

Corpus-based techniques have proved to be very beneficial in the development of efficient and accurate approaches to word sense disambiguation (WSD) despite the fact that they generally represent relatively shallow knowledge. It has always been thought, however, that WSD could also benefit from deeper knowledge sources. We describe a novel approach to WSD using inductive logic programming to learn theories from first-order logic representations that allows corpus-based evidence to be combined with any kind of background knowledge. This approach has been shown to be effective over several disambiguation tasks using a combination of deep and shallow knowledge sources. Is it important to understand the contribution of the various knowledge sources used in such a system. This paper investigates the contribution of nine knowledge sources to the performance of the disambiguation models produced for the SemEval-2007 English lexical sample task. The outcome of this analysis will assist future work on WSD in concentrating on the most useful knowledge sources

Rightward incrementality in encoding simple phrasal forms in speech production

This article reports 7 experiments investigating whether utterances are planned in a parallel or rightward incremental fashion during language production. The experiments examined the role of linear order, length, frequency, and repetition in producing Dutch verb–particle combinations. On each trial, participants produced 1 utterance out of a set of 3 as quickly as possible. The responses shared part of their form or not. For particle-initial infinitives, facilitation was obtained when the responses shared the particle but not when they shared the verb. For verb-initial imperatives, however, facilitation was obtained for the verbs but not for the particles. The facilitation increased with length, decreased with frequency, and was independent of repetition. A simple rightward incremental model accounts quantitatively for the results

SARCASTIC EXPRESSIONS IN MERIAQ-MERIQU DIALECT OF SASAK LANGUAGE: PRAGMATIC STUDY

This research aims at studying the pragmatic use of sarcasm in Meriaq-Meriqu dialect of Sasak language. This research is a qualitative research. The data are collected via two techniques – participant observation and unstructured interview. The data are then analyzed via interactive model which consists of three main points: data reduction, data presentation and data clarification. The results show that there are three kinds of sarcastic expressions in Meriaq-Meriqu – word form, phrasal form and clause form. In word form, the reference used as sarcastic word is mostly from animal, characters and parts of body while the reference in phrasal forms is mostly taken from part of body, animal and characters. The clause form of sarcasm is divided into two kinds- direct and indirect sarcasm. In terms of functions, sarcasms have five functions- expression of intimacy, informal address, expression of anger, insinuation and humiliation

THE TRANSLATION OF INDONESIAN PASSIVE VOICE INTO ENGLISH IN THE NOVEL 9 SUMMERS 10 AUTUMNS TRANSLATED BY MAGGIE TJIOJAKIN

The study is conducted based on qualitative research design with descriptive analysis. The data are 67 passive construction in Indonesian and English as used in the novel “9 Summers 10 Autumns (Dari Kota Apel ke The Big Apple)” and translated into “9 Summers 10 Autumns (From the City of Apples to the Big Apple). The research problems are the first what are the corresponding equivalents of Indonesian passive in English as used in the Novel 9 Summers 10 Autumns and its translation, the second what is the translation method or procedure that used in the process of passive voice translation. The steps and procedures of discovering the answer to the both of research problems are shown under the discussion of research method which includes: (1) the data source, (2) method and technique of collecting the data consisting of observation method and note-taking technique; (3) method and technique of analyzing the data. The results of the study show that among the passive in Indonesian which can be identified in SL, most are marked by prefix di- (prefix di- + verb base) and (prefix di-+ verb base + suffix –kan, -i) which are also translated into passive in English (be+past participle ) with four types namely to infinitive translation, by agent translation (stated and implied) and the rest translated into active. This clearly reveals that some passives in SL are retained, namely translated into passive in English and some others are translated into actives. Second, from the whole data analysis the researcher found 4 types of translation methods or procedures used in the passive translation, namely literal translation, transposition, modulation, and adaptation.Keywords: Passive voice, translation procedures, nove

Batteries at other ranks

From the introduction: The structure and use of transformational batteries and paradigms at the clause rank (clause level) has been discussed for ten years (see bibliography in Thomas 1973). It has been becoming steadily more apparent that the theory is relevant also to other ranks besides the clause. This paper is a preliminary presentation of transformational batteries and paradigms at other ranks

Investigating naming convention adherence in Java references

Naming conventions can help the readability and comprehension of code, and thus the onboarding of new developers. Conventions also provide cues that help developers and tools extract information from identifier names to support software maintenance. Tools exist to automatically check naming conventions but they are often limited to simple checks, e.g. regarding typography. The adherence to more elaborate conventions, such as the use of noun and verbal phrases in names, is not checked. We present NOMINAL, a naming convention checking library for Java that allows the declarative specification of conventions regarding typography and the use of abbreviations and phrases. To test NOMINAL, and to investigate the extent to which developers follow conventions, we extract 3.5 million reference — field, formal argument and local variable — name declarations from 60 FLOSS projects and determine their adherence to two well- known Java naming convention guidelines that give developers scope to choose a variety of forms of name, and sometimes offer conflicting advice

Zoonimi kao sastavnica frazeoloških oblika đurđevečkoga kajkavskoga govora

Kajkavski govor, za razliku od standarda, veoma je bogat frazeologijom. U ovome radu riječ je o frazeološkim oblicima đurđevečkoga kajkavskog govora u kojima je sastavnica zoonim. Među zoonimima prevladavaju uglavnom domaće životinje s kojima je čovjek živio i radio. Prisutne su i one s kojima se susretao u polju, šumi i vinogradu, a spominje se i nekoliko životinja tuđih staništa. Među frazeološkim oblicima ponajviše je poredbenih frazema, zatim poslovica, izreka, fraza, narodnih vjerovanja i predviđanja vremena. Posebno su navedeni oblici u kojima je prisutan zoonim „pas“, koji je najzastupljeniji od domaćih životinja. Na kraju rada naveden je rječnik manje poznatih riječi. Frazeološki oblici korišteni u ovome radu dio su leksikografske građe prikupljenje za izradu rječnika đurđevečkoga govora