314,122 research outputs found
Cue utilization and strategy application in stable and unstable dynamic environments
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.12.004
Copyright © 2011, Elsevie
An architecture for organisational decision support
The Decision Support (DS) topic of the Network Enabled Capability for Through Life Systems Engineering (NECTISE) project aims to provide organisational through-life decision support for the products and services that BAE Systems deliver. The topic consists of five streams that cover resource capability management, decision management, collaboration, change prediction and integration. A proposed architecture is presented for an Integrated Decision Support Environment (IDSE) that combines the streams to provide a structured approach to addressing a number of issues that have been identified by BAE Systems business units as being relevant to DS: uncertainty and risk, shared situational awareness, types of decision making, decision tempo, triggering of decisions, and support for autonomous decision making. The proposed architecture will identify how either individuals or groups of decision makers (including autonomous agents) would be utilised on the basis of their capability within the requirements of the scenario to collaboratively solve the decision problem. Features of the scenario such as time criticality, required experience level, the need for justification, and conflict management, will be addressed within the architecture to ensure that the most appropriate decision management support (system/naturalistic/hybrid) is provided. In addition to being reliant on a number of human factors issues, the decision making process is also reliant on a number of information issues: overload, consistency, completeness, uncertainty and evolution, which will be discussed within the context of the architecture
A Framework to Manage the Complex Organisation of Collaborating: Its Application to Autonomous Systems
In this paper we present an analysis of the complexities of large group
collaboration and its application to develop detailed requirements for
collaboration schema for Autonomous Systems (AS). These requirements flow from
our development of a framework for collaboration that provides a basis for
designing, supporting and managing complex collaborative systems that can be
applied and tested in various real world settings. We present the concepts of
"collaborative flow" and "working as one" as descriptive expressions of what
good collaborative teamwork can be in such scenarios. The paper considers the
application of the framework within different scenarios and discuses the
utility of the framework in modelling and supporting collaboration in complex
organisational structures
Operator-based approaches to harm minimisation in gambling: summary, review and future directions
In this report we give critical consideration to the nature and effectiveness of harm
minimisation in gambling. We identify gambling-related harm as both personal (e.g.,
health, wellbeing, relationships) and economic (e.g., financial) harm that occurs from
exceeding one’s disposable income or disposable leisure time. We have elected to use the
term ‘harm minimisation’ as the most appropriate term for reducing the impact of
problem gambling, given its breadth in regard to the range of goals it seeks to achieve,
and the range of means by which they may be achieved.
The extent to which an employee can proactively identify a problem gambler in a
gambling venue is uncertain. Research suggests that indicators do exist, such as sessional
information (e.g., duration or frequency of play) and negative emotional responses to
gambling losses. However, the practical implications of requiring employees to identify
and interact with customers suspected of experiencing harm are questionable,
particularly as the employees may not possess the clinical intervention skills which may
be necessary. Based on emerging evidence, behavioural indicators identifiable in industryheld
data, could be used to identify customers experiencing harm. A programme of
research is underway in Great Britain and in other jurisdiction
Intelligent Agents for Disaster Management
ALADDIN [1] is a multi-disciplinary project that is developing novel techniques, architectures, and mechanisms for multi-agent systems in uncertain and dynamic environments. The application focus of the project is disaster management. Research within a number of themes is being pursued and this is considering different aspects of the interaction between autonomous agents and the decentralised system architectures that support those interactions. The aim of the research is to contribute to building more robust multi-agent systems for future applications in disaster management and other similar domains
Imaginary relish and exquisite torture: The elaborated intrusion theory of desire
The authors argue that human desire involves conscious cognition that has
strong affective connotation and is potentially involved in the determination
of appetitive behavior rather than being epiphenomenal to it. Intrusive
thoughts about appetitive targets are triggered automatically by external or
physiological cues and by cognitive associates. When intrusions elicit
significant pleasure or relief, cognitive elaboration usually ensues.
Elaboration competes with concurrent cognitive tasks through retrieval of
target-related information and its retention in working memory. Sensory
images are especially important products of intrusion and elaboration because
they simulate the sensory and emotional qualities of target acquisition. Desire
images are momentarily rewarding but amplify awareness of somatic and
emotional deficits. Effects of desires on behavior are moderated by competing
incentives, target availability, and skills. The theory provides a coherent
account of existing data and suggests new directions for research and
treatment
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