Anomaly detection using pattern-of-life visual metaphors

Complex dependencies exist across the technology estate, users and purposes of machines. This can make it difficult to efficiently detect attacks. Visualization to date is mainly used to communicate patterns of raw logs, or to visualize the output of detection systems. In this paper we explore a novel approach to presenting cybersecurity-related information to analysts. Specifically, we investigate the feasibility of using visualizations to make analysts become anomaly detectors using Pattern-of-Life Visual Metaphors. Unlike glyph metaphors, the visualizations themselves (rather than any single visual variable on screen) transform complex systems into simpler ones using different mapping strategies. We postulate that such mapping strategies can yield new, meaningful ways to showing anomalies in a manner that can be easily identified by analysts. We present a classification system to describe machine and human activities on a host machine, a strategy to map machine dependencies and activities to a metaphor. We then present two examples, each with three attack scenarios, running data generated from attacks that affect confidentiality, integrity and availability of machines. Finally, we present three in-depth use-case studies to assess feasibility (i.e. can this general approach be used to detect anomalies in systems?), usability and detection abilities of our approach. Our findings suggest that our general approach is easy to use to detect anomalies in complex systems, but the type of metaphor has an impact on user's ability to detect anomalies. Similar to other anomaly-detection techniques, false positives do exist in our general approach as well. Future work will need to investigate optimal mapping strategies, other metaphors, and examine how our approach compares to and can complement existing techniques

Tractatus Pedagogico Peripateticus (the Walk of Future Learning)

Our understanding of human learning has been greatly improved by recent research findings from the fields of cognitive science, neurobiology, organizational studies, anthropology, linguistics, and evolutionary psychology. Despite all that is known, however, the majority of formal schools in the world operate much as they did 50 years ago. The pedagogy and the structure of the educational experience still reflect industrial age assumptions that are increasingly anachronistic in the modern knowledge production economy and in the post-modern cultural arena. Given the paucity of examples, it is difficult to visualize the characteristics of a future learning society - a society that embodies all that we know about human learning. This thesis develops two scenarios that attempt to describe two possible future societies; the first society is where learning flourishes and the other still labors under the industrial age assumptions. The purpose of these scenarios is to describe a utopian and a corresponding dys-utopian state that will serve as target conditions for current efforts at reform. The thesis presents an extensive literature review of recent research and writings from the above mentioned disciplines. The literature review is divided into three parts: the pupose of education, the way people learn, and lessons from the field. Much of the literature was complied during an internship at the 21st Century Learning Initiative, and educational policy think tank located in Washington DC and on the web at www.21 Learn.er

Design of interactive visualization of models and students data

This document reports the design of the interactive visualizations of open student models that will be performed in GRAPPLE. The visualizations will be based on data stored in the domain model and student model, and aim at supporting learners to be more engaged in the learning process, and instructors in assisting the learners

Advancing Circular Business

In this world of scarce resources, circular economy (CE) has been identified as an important means for increasing resource efficiency and reducing the use of natural resources. What, however, does implementing circular business and operational models mean for companies’ business execution, mindsets, and competitive edges? This publication presents the practical case studies of several different CE business implementations. The focus on this exploration was to identify the role of information management in successful CE business implementation. The outcomes offer a chance for different representatives of different firms to learn from practical cases of CE implementation in operational and business models. This publication aims to show the pathway toward CE by providing 1. a description of CE 2. an explanation of its impact on business execution 3. stories about the role of information in the creation of CE business 4. practical tools for the creation of CE business The structure of the publication tracks similar logic to, and presents practical case examples from, the field of CE business. Tools and methods were applied and further developed within the case companies: BMH Technology, Fortum, Solita, and UPM. The publication presents the major results of research and development work performed within the “From Data to Wisdom—Approaches Enabling Circular Economy” project (D2W). The project was initiated in August 2016 and continued until January 2019. The research work was conducted by VTT, LUT University, and Tampere University as part of the BioNets program of Business Finland. The project provided a good overview of the demands of CE business in a multidisciplinary multi-company setting. It focused on three approaches for examining circular business: innovation and business models, relationships and networks, and data and wisdom. Since D2W had a broad scope, some of these approaches should be developed further to provide practical tools for business developers (companies and organizations). The work of D2W will therefore continue. Case-specific projects are being considered to develop practical results for the needs of practitioners interested in improving their capabilities for CE business creation. Examples of new topics for the subsequent steps of research include, for example: • Key performance indicators of CE and sustainable development • Governance of CE business ecosystems • New artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, opportunities and requirements in CE business implementationpublishedVersio

Transition and Transformation in Fashion Education for Sustainability

Abstract Contemporary practices in many educational and business establishments in Europe, the US and elsewhere, build on an industrialized context set in motion in the mid 19th century, multiplied through digital and technological discovery and related business actions. This context has enabled the creation of incredible advances across a plethora of life’s activities, giving freedom and opportunity to millions, whilst creating irreparable damage, loss of life and an increasingly imbalanced world for its inhabitants. Education and related artistic and business facets of fashion exemplify changing lives across the world due to the individual nature of fashion as a marker of identity, and a mirror to culture and attitudes, as well as its global impact (25+ million employees and vast resource use). There is a critical need for current models of fashion education and business to be viewed against our abilities to live well without jeopardizing our futures and our fellows. The emergent properties of our changing world require skills and aptitudes that are quite different from those previously acquired by (fashion) practitioners (Sennett 2013). This is a means to bring together stakeholders from business, research and university teaching in a dialogue to explore cultures of sustainability through ESD. By its nature, sustainability is interactive, experienced, co-created, connected and diverse; this chapter explores some of the exchanges between a range of actors from academia, industry, government, society and nature drawing on an emerging body of ESD research (Sterling 2001; Orr 1992; Blewitt 2004) that might offer narratives on ESD that rest inside and outside of an eco-modernist and radical ecological paradigm (Chick 2013). The traversing of these domains is vital in ensuring that, as educators, we nurture our students in creating visions and actions of the future, whilst enabling them to join and contribute positively to the present. This chapter offers a narrative on some of the bridges that link knowledge in use and knowledge in creation. Insights are drawn from an immersive dialogue and deep, shared commitment between world leading brand, Kering, whose portfolio of luxury and lifestyle fashion businesses includes Gucci, Stella McCartney, and Puma, and London College of Fashion (LCF) at University of the Arts, London (UAL). The conveyor of this partnership is the Centre for Sustainable Fashion, (CSF) a research centre at UAL where fashion is explored as a means to create, support and recognise better lives through sustainability, the principle investigator in this research being the centre’s director and the author of this chapter

The Collaborative Business Intelligence Ontology (CBIOnt)

In the current era, many disciplines are seen devoted towards ontology development for their domains with the intention of creating, disseminating and managing resource descriptions of their domain knowledge into machine understandable and processable manner. Ontology construction is a difficult group activity that involves many people with the different expertise. Generally, domain experts are not familiar with the ontology implementation environments and implementation experts do not have all the domain knowledge. We have designed Collaborative Business Intelligence Ontology (CBIOnt) for BI4People project. In this paper, we present CBIOnt that is OWL 2 DL ontology for the description of collaborative session between different collaborators working together on the business intelligent platform. As the collaborative session between various collaborators belongs to some collaborative form, phase and research aspect, therefore CBIOnt captures this knowledge along with the collaborative session content (comments, questions, answers, etc.) so that one can inference various types of information stored on ontologies when required. In addition, it stores the location and temporal-spatial information about the collaboration held between collaborators. We believe CBIOnt serves as a formal framework for dealing with the collaborative session taken place among collaborators on the semantic Web

Information Systems and Healthcare XXII: Characterizing and Visualizing the Quality of Health Information

We all need ways to assess the quality of the information we look for, but this task is critically important when we are seeking health information. Healthcare consumers increasingly seek and use health information to address their health concerns. However, many health consumers lack the time and expertise required to make solid judgments about the quality of health information they encounter. A full range of quality appraisal methods for health information offer help, yet health consumers use those methods infrequently. Health consumers need better support to overcome barriers to efficiency, scalability, and transparency often associated with this breadth of valuable methods. Furthermore, they need ways to assess the quality of health information they find in the context of their own, individually situated needs. Our goals were to investigate the concept of health information quality and to explore how we can provide health consumers with better support by highlighting, rather than hiding, important aspects of health information quality. First, by reviewing and synthesizing criteria used by a broad range of quality appraisal methods for health information, we identified four focal characteristics of health information quality: content, reference, authorship, and publisher. Together, these four characteristics of intrinsic quality provide an organizing framework for health consumers to assess the quality of health information along multiple dimensions according to their own needs. Next, we used a user-center approach to design a prototype tool that concretely illustrates our framework by allowing the user to highlight multiple dimensions of health information quality. We present a usage case example of this illustrative tool, which visualizes the quality of MEDLINE search results. Our work provides a new perspective on health information quality by acknowledging and supporting consumers\u27 needs for transparency and flexibility as they take a prominent role in health information quality assessment

Pointing as an Instrumental Gesture : Gaze Representation Through Indication

The research of the first author was supported by a Fulbright Visiting Scholar Fellowship and developed in 2012 during a period of research visit at the University of Memphis.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Mathematics teacher education advanced methods: an example in dynamic geometry

International audienceWe present a research work about an innovative national teacher training program in France: the Pairform@nce program, designed to sustain ICT integration. The Pairform@nce trainings are grounded in a principle of collective lesson design by teams of trainees; they associate face-to-face and distant training. We study here a training for secondary school teachers, whose objective is to foster the development of an inquiry-based approach in the teaching of mathematics, using investigative potentialities of dynamic geometry environments (DGE). We adopt the theoretical background of the documentational approach to didactics for studying how a training organizing the design of lessons by teachers teams can contribute to teacher professional development, directed in particular towards more inquiry in the classroom supported by DGE. This approach conceptualizes the interactions between teachers and resources as geneses: complex, long-term processes, associating evolutions and stability. In the frame of this approach, for studying these geneses, we develop a specific methodology: we organize a follow-up of teachers during several weeks; during this period, the teachers fill a logbook describing their activity; they answer to questionnaires and interviews; we also collect as completely as possible the material resources involved in their work. We followed in particular the work of a team of trainees; drawing on the data collected, we analyse their professional development, related with the training. We discuss on a more general level, the consequences of a training based on collective documentation work for the integration of technology by mathematics teachers