PERENCANAAN DAN PENYUSUNAN MUATAN PADA KAPAL LANDING CRAFT TANK (LCT)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of load preparation planning on the effectiveness of load time, determine the effect of heavy load loading implementation on load time effectiveness and to determine the effect of load preparation planning and heavy load loading implementation on load time effectiveness. In this study found several problems that occur in the field including damage to mobile cranes, the occurrence of broken stowage and limitations of the dock which results in delays in the loading process. The population of this research respondents were 115 employees tested using Slovin theory, the minimum results obtained were 53 respondents and were sampled in this study. Validity test obtained by r table (n-2) = 53 respondents with a 5% error level that is equal to 0.270. Based on the test, it is said that all the items in each research variable are valid. The results of the Cronbach's Alpha reliability test of the three variables used in this study is greater than 0.60, it is concluded that the statements of each of these research variables are real. To test the variables as a whole where the variables X1 and X2 have an effect on Y variables simultaneously, the results of Fcount analysis are 28.664 and for Ftable values are 3.18. The value of Fcount> Ftable proves that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Based on the analysis by linear regression, that the multiple correlation obtained by R for 0.731 or 73.1% means that the influence of X1 and X2 together on Y is positive and significant from the simultaneous test (F test) and the results of multiple correlation analysis, it can be concluded that variable X1 against Y with Correlation coefficient is 0.305 or 30.5% and X2 against Y with a correlation coefficient of 0.681 or 68.1%

Optimal stowage on Ro-Ro decks for efficiency and safety

The roll-on/roll-off (Ro-Ro) ships are true workhorses of coastal and deep-sea shipping. They are valued for their versatility to transport heterogeneous cargo and short turnaround times in ports. However, the optimal utilisation of cargo space has been inherently problematic with the Ro-Ro concept. In view of the existing attempts to contrive optimal stowage plans, the paper proposes three practical improvements with respect to the state of the art. The improvements lead to a finer approach to ship stability, fire safety, and cargo handling efficiency when optimising cargo stowage on Ro-Ro decks. Formally, we express the stowage problem as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem and solve it to optimality. The paper outlines the mathematical formulation, provides a numerical example, and studies practical application aspects

Modeling and solution for the ship stowage planning problem of coils in the steel industry

We consider a ship stowage planning problem where steel coils with known destination ports are to be loaded onto a ship. The coils are to be stowed on the ship in rows. Due to their heavy weight and cylindrical shape, coils can be stowed in at most two levels. Different from stowage problems in previous studies, in this problem there are no fixed positions on the ship for the coils due to their different sizes. At a destination port, if a coil to be unloaded is not at a top position, those blocking it need to be shuffled. In addition, the stability of ship has to be maintained after unloading at each destination port. The objective for the stowage planning problem is to minimize a combination of ship instability throughout the entire voyage, the shuffles needed for unloading at the destination ports, and the dispersion of coils to be unloaded at the same destination port. We formulate the problem as a novel mixed integer linear programming model. Several valid inequalities are derived to help reducing solution time. A tabu search (TS) algorithm is developed for the problem with the initial solution generated using a construction heuristic. To evaluate the proposed TS algorithm, numerical experiments are carried out on problem instances of three different scales by comparing it with a model-based decomposition heuristic, the classic TS algorithm, the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the manual method used in practice. The results show that for small problems, the proposed algorithm can generate optimal solutions. For medium and large practical problems, the proposed algorithm outperforms other methods

Modeling and solution for the ship stowage planning problem of coils in the steel industry

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: TANG, L. ...et al., 2015. Modeling and solution for the ship stowage planning problem of coils in the steel industry. Naval Research Logistics, 62(7), pp. 564-581., which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nav.21664. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.We consider a ship stowage planning problem where steel coils with known destination ports are to be loaded onto a ship. The coils are to be stowed on the ship in rows. Due to their heavy weight and cylindrical shape, coils can be stowed in at most two levels. Different from stowage problems in previous studies, in this problem there are no fixed positions on the ship for the coils due to their different sizes. At a destination port, if a coil to be unloaded is not at a top position, those blocking it need to be shuffled. In addition, the stability of ship has to be maintained after unloading at each destination port. The objective for the stowage planning problem is to minimize a combination of ship instability throughout the entire voyage, the shuffles needed for unloading at the destination ports, and the dispersion of coils to be unloaded at the same destination port. We formulate the problem as a novel mixed integer linear programming model. Several valid inequalities are derived to help reducing solution time. A tabu search (TS) algorithm is developed for the problem with the initial solution generated using a construction heuristic. To evaluate the proposed TS algorithm, numerical experiments are carried out on problem instances of three different scales by comparing it with a model-based decomposition heuristic, the classic TS algorithm, the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the manual method used in practice. The results show that for small problems, the proposed algorithm can generate optimal solutions. For medium and large practical problems, the proposed algorithm outperforms other methods

Sistema de planeamiento de estiba para Business & Logistics S.A.C.

El presente trabajo de investigación titulado “SISTEMA DE PLANEAMIENTO DE ESTIBA PARA BUSINESS & LOGISTICS S.A.C”, abarca el análisis, desarrollo e implementación de un sistema de planeamiento de estiba a partir del archivo denominado BAPLIE. El propósito de la investigación es determinar la influencia de un sistema de planeamiento de estiba dentro de la empresa BUSINESS & LOGITICS S.A.C, reduciendo tiempos y penalidades (costos), por el incumplimiento de tiempos y procesos de estiba. Para efectos de la investigación, el tipo de estudio empleado es experimental, aplicado y el diseño de estudio pre- experimental, con una muestra de 35 registros de naves, la herramienta usada fue una ficha de observación para realizar las mediciones correspondientes. Los resultados señalan que el tiempo muerto de la nave en muelle antes era de unos 9925,71 segundos y luego de la implementación fue en 4047,464 segundos, lo que significa una reducción de 45 % aproximadamente. El costo promedio por tiempo muerto de las naves en muelle antes era de 202 650 dólares, y ahora es de 114 275 dólares aproximadamente, lo que indica una reducción de 45%. Así, la investigación concluye afirmando que el sistema propuesto mejora el proceso de desarrollo del planeamiento de estiba, reduciendo costos y tiempos

New uncertainty modelling for cargo stowage plans of general cargo ships

The current approach to the cargo stowage plans (CSP) of general cargo ships (GCS) is safety-driven, which means that any CSP satisfying minimum safety requirements can be used in practice. Such an approach taking into account no economic and environmental concerns cannot help sustain GCS growth in today’s competitive freight transportation market. This paper introduces a revised evidential reasoning (ER) approach to cope with the complex decision-making problem associated with the CSP of GCS. The complexity mainly results from the dynamic interdependency between the decision criteria and alternatives. The revised ER can determine the functions of the safety-related criteria in the decision making process by considering the extent to which each decision alternative meets the minimum safety requirements. The model is tested in multiple forms by an empirical study using a national GSC loading laboratory, and a real-life application by a shipping company in practice. The results reveals that the new model can aid general ship owners to make sustainable CSPs from a multiple-dimensional perspective and select an optimal CSP based on specific voyage scenarios

Historia, evolución y perspectivas de futuro en la utilización de técnicas de simulación en la gestión portuaria: aplicaciones en el análisis de operaciones, estrategia y planificación portuaria

Programa Oficial de Doutoramento en Análise Económica e Estratexia Empresarial. 5033V0[Resumen] Las técnicas de simulación, tal y como hoy las conocemos, comenzaron a mediados del siglo XX; primero con la aparición del primer computador y el desarrollo del método Monte Carlo, y más tarde con el desarrollo del primer simulador de propósito específico conocido como GPS y desarrollado por Geoffrey Gordon en IBM y la publicación del primer texto completo dedicado a esta materia y llamado the Art of Simulation (K.D. Tocher, 1963). Estás técnicas han evolucionado de una manera extraordinaria y hoy en día están plenamente implementadas en diversos campos de actividad. Las instalaciones portuarias no han escapado de esta tendencia, especialmente las dedicadas al tráfico de contenedores. Efectivamente, las características intrínsecas de este sector económico, le hacen un candidato idóneo para la implementación de modelos de simulación con propósitos y alcances muy diversos. No existe, sin embargo y hasta lo que conocemos, un trabajo científico que compile y analice pormenorizadamente tanto la historia como la evolución de simulación en ambientes portuarios, ayudando a clasificar los mismos y determinar cómo estos pueden ayudar en el análisis económico de estas instalaciones y en la formulación de las oportunas estrategias empresariales. Este es el objetivo último de la presente tesis doctoral.[Resumo] As técnicas de simulación, tal e como hoxe as coñecemos, comezaron a mediados do século XX; primeiro coa aparición do computador e o desenvolvemento do método Monte Carlo e máis tarde co desenvolvemento do primeiro simulador de propósito específico coñecido como GPS e desenvolvido por Geoffrey Gordon en IBM e a publicación do primeiro texto completo dedicado a este tema chamado “A Arte da Simulación” (K.D. Tocher, 1963). Estas técnicas evolucionaron dun xeito extraordinario e hoxe en día están plenamente implementadas en diversos campos de actividade. As instalacións portuarias non escaparon desta tendencia, especialmente as dedicadas ao tráfico de contenedores. Efectivamente, as características intrínsecas deste sector económico, fanlle un candidato idóneo para a implementación de modelos de simulación con propósitos e alcances moi variados. Con todo, e ata o que coñecemos, non existe un traballo científico que compila e analiza de forma detallada tanto a historia como a evolución da simulación en estes ambientes portuarios, clasificando os mesmos e determinando como estes poden axudar na análise económica destas instalacións e na formulación das oportunas estratexias empresariais. Este é o último obxectivo da presente tese doutoral.[Abstract] Simulation, to the extend that we understand it nowadays, began in the middle of the 20th century; first with the appearance of the computer and the development of the Monte Carlo method, and later with the development of the first specific purpose simulator known as GPS developed by Geoffrey Gordon in IBM. This author published the first full text devoted to this subject “The Art of Simulation” in 1963. These techniques have evolved in an extraordinary way and nowadays they are fully implemented in different fields of activity. Port facilities have not escaped this trend, especially those dedicated to container traffic. Indeed, the intrinsic characteristics of this economic sector, make it a suitable candidate for the implementation of simulation with very different purposes and scope. However, to the best of our knowelegde, there is not a scientific work that compiles and analyzes in detail both, the history and the evolution of simulation in port environments, contributing to classify them and determine how they can help in the economic analysis of these facilities and in the formulation of different business strategies. This is the ultimate goal of this doctoral thesis