192 research outputs found

    Intégration des méthodes formelles dans le développement des RCSFs

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    In this thesis, we have relied on formal techniques in order to first evaluate WSN protocols and then to propose solutions that meet the requirements of these networks. The thesis contributes to the modelling, analysis, design and evaluation of WSN protocols. In this context, the thesis begins with a survey on WSN and formal verification techniques. Focusing on the MAC layer, the thesis reviews proposed MAC protocols for WSN as well as their design challenges. The dissertation then proceeds to outline the contributions of this work. As a first proposal, we develop a stochastic generic model of the 802.11 MAC protocol for an arbitrary network topology and then perform probabilistic evaluation of the protocol using statistical model checking. Considering an alternative power source to operate WSN, energy harvesting, we move to the second proposal where a protocol designed for EH-WSN is modelled and various performance parameters are evaluated. Finally, the thesis explores mobility in WSN and proposes a new MAC protocol, named "Mobility and Energy Harvesting aware Medium Access Control (MEH-MAC)" protocol for dynamic sensor networks powered by ambient energy. The protocol is modelled and verified under several features

    Energy-Sustainable IoT Connectivity: Vision, Technological Enablers, Challenges, and Future Directions

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    Technology solutions must effectively balance economic growth, social equity, and environmental integrity to achieve a sustainable society. Notably, although the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm constitutes a key sustainability enabler, critical issues such as the increasing maintenance operations, energy consumption, and manufacturing/disposal of IoT devices have long-term negative economic, societal, and environmental impacts and must be efficiently addressed. This calls for self-sustainable IoT ecosystems requiring minimal external resources and intervention, effectively utilizing renewable energy sources, and recycling materials whenever possible, thus encompassing energy sustainability. In this work, we focus on energy-sustainable IoT during the operation phase, although our discussions sometimes extend to other sustainability aspects and IoT lifecycle phases. Specifically, we provide a fresh look at energy-sustainable IoT and identify energy provision, transfer, and energy efficiency as the three main energy-related processes whose harmonious coexistence pushes toward realizing self-sustainable IoT systems. Their main related technologies, recent advances, challenges, and research directions are also discussed. Moreover, we overview relevant performance metrics to assess the energy-sustainability potential of a certain technique, technology, device, or network and list some target values for the next generation of wireless systems. Overall, this paper offers insights that are valuable for advancing sustainability goals for present and future generations.Comment: 25 figures, 12 tables, submitted to IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Societ

    Applications

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    Volume 3 describes how resource-aware machine learning methods and techniques are used to successfully solve real-world problems. The book provides numerous specific application examples: in health and medicine for risk modelling, diagnosis, and treatment selection for diseases in electronics, steel production and milling for quality control during manufacturing processes in traffic, logistics for smart cities and for mobile communications

    PROCEEDINGS 5th PLATE Conference

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    The 5th international PLATE conference (Product Lifetimes and the Environment) addressed product lifetimes in the context of sustainability. The PLATE conference, which has been running since 2015, has successfully been able to establish a solid network of researchers around its core theme. The topic has come to the forefront of current (political, scientific & societal) debates due to its interconnectedness with a number of recent prominent movements, such as the circular economy, eco-design and collaborative consumption. For the 2023 edition of the conference, we encouraged researchers to propose how to extend, widen or critically re-construct thematic sessions for the PLATE conference, and the paper call was constructed based on these proposals. In this 5th PLATE conference, we had 171 paper presentations and 238 participants from 14 different countries. Beside of paper sessions we organized workshops and REPAIR exhibitions

    Design of Low-Cost Energy Harvesting and Delivery Systems for Self-Powered Devices: Application to Authentication IC

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    This thesis investigates the development of low-cost energy harvesting and delivery systems for low-power low-duty-cycle devices. Initially, we begin by designing a power management scheme for on-demand power delivery. The baseline implementation is also used to identify critical challenges for low-power energy harvesting. We further propose a robust self-powered energy harvesting and delivery system (EHDS) design as a solution to achieve energy autonomy in standalone systems. The design demonstrates a complete ecosystem for low-overhead pulse-frequency modulated (PFM) harvesting while reducing harvesting window confinement and overall implementation footprint. Two transient-based models are developed for improved accuracy during design space exploration and optimization for both PFM power conversion and energy harvesting. Finally, a low-power authentication IC is demonstrated and projected designs for self-powered System-on-Chips (SoCs) are presented. The proposed designs are proto-typed in two test-chips in a 65nm CMOS process and measurement data showcase improved performance in terms of battery power, cold-start duration, passives (inductance and capacitance) needed, and end-to-end harvesting/conversion efficiency.Ph.D

    Digital System Design - Use of Microcontroller

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    Embedded systems are today, widely deployed in just about every piece of machinery from toasters to spacecraft. Embedded system designers face many challenges. They are asked to produce increasingly complex systems using the latest technologies, but these technologies are changing faster than ever. They are asked to produce better quality designs with a shorter time-to-market. They are asked to implement increasingly complex functionality but more importantly to satisfy numerous other constraints. To achieve the current goals of design, the designer must be aware with such design constraints and more importantly, the factors that have a direct effect on them.One of the challenges facing embedded system designers is the selection of the optimum processor for the application in hand; single-purpose, general-purpose or application specific. Microcontrollers are one member of the family of the application specific processors.The book concentrates on the use of microcontroller as the embedded system?s processor, and how to use it in many embedded system applications. The book covers both the hardware and software aspects needed to design using microcontroller.The book is ideal for undergraduate students and also the engineers that are working in the field of digital system design.Contents• Preface;• Process design metrics;• A systems approach to digital system design;• Introduction to microcontrollers and microprocessors;• Instructions and Instruction sets;• Machine language and assembly language;• System memory; Timers, counters and watchdog timer;• Interfacing to local devices / peripherals;• Analogue data and the analogue I/O subsystem;• Multiprocessor communications;• Serial Communications and Network-based interfaces

    Methods and Tools for Battery-free Wireless Networks

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    Embedding small wireless sensors into the environment allows for monitoring physical processes with high spatio-temporal resolutions. Today, these devices are equipped with a battery to supply them with power. Despite technological advances, the high maintenance cost and environmental impact of batteries prevent the widespread adoption of wireless sensors. Battery-free devices that store energy harvested from light, vibrations, and other ambient sources in a capacitor promise to overcome the drawbacks of (rechargeable) batteries, such as bulkiness, wear-out and toxicity. Because of low energy input and low storage capacity, battery-free devices operate intermittently; they are forced to remain inactive for most of the time charging their capacitor before being able to operate for a short time. While it is known how to deal with intermittency on a single device, the coordination and communication among groups of multiple battery-free devices remain largely unexplored. For the first time, the present thesis addresses this problem by proposing new methods and tools to investigate and overcome several fundamental challenges

    Electrophysiology

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    The outstanding evolution of recording techniques paved the way for better understanding of electrophysiological phenomena within the human organs, including the cardiovascular, ophthalmologic and neural systems. In the field of cardiac electrophysiology, the development of more and more sophisticated recording and mapping techniques made it possible to elucidate the mechanism of various cardiac arrhythmias. This has even led to the evolution of techniques to ablate and cure most complex cardiac arrhythmias. Nevertheless, there is still a long way ahead and this book can be considered a valuable addition to the current knowledge in subjects related to bioelectricity from plants to the human heart
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