Uma extensão para os modelos de desvanecimento n-µ e k-µ

Orientador: Michel Daoud YacoubTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de ComputaçãoResumo: O resumo poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digitalAbstract: The abstract is available with the full electronic digital documentDoutoradoTelecomunicações e TelemáticaDoutor em Engenharia Elétrica141804/2014-9CNP

Mode selection map in device-to-device communication

One of the recent features presented by the Long Term Evolution - Advanced (LTE-A) standard is enabling the network User Equipments (UEs) to directly communicate with each other without routing the signal through evolved-Node B (eNB). This is called the Device-to-Device (D2D) transmission and it brings different types of gains to the network. The UEs are enabled to choose their transmission mode among the reuse, dedicated, and cellular modes. For a network consisting of a pair of D2D enabled UEs, a cellular UE, and an eNB, the mode selection procedure indicates the best mode to be chosen by the D2D pair while the cellular UE is in communication with the eNB. The reuse and dedicated modes are direct transmission while the cellular mode is the traditional cellular transmission. In the reuse mode the same frequency resources are used by the D2D pair and the cellular user. However, in the dedicated and cellular modes, different resources are allocated for the D2D and cellular transmission. In this work, we show that there are certain regions in the network that if the moving UE stays in them, a specific transmission mode is always selected for the transmission between D2D pair. The set of these regions is called the mode selection map of the network. We use our mode selection map models to propose a handover mechanism when the moving UE leaves a specific region in the map and enters to a neighboring region. For mode selection map derivation, we present an analytical framework for a simple D2D enabled network for two different channel conditions: 1) Line-of-Sight (LoS) path-loss channel; 2) fading channel. The overall throughput of the network for the reuse, dedicated, and cellular modes is calculated and presented in three different equations. When the channel’s model is LoS path-loss, to find the mode selection map, these equations are equalized two by two and the resulted equation is solved. For the fading channel scenario, due to the probabilistic variation of the channels the expectation of the overall throughput of the network is calculated for three Transmission Modes (TMs) and the resulted functions are equalized two by two and solved. In our study of handover issues in D2D enabled network we propose an algorithm for the case when the cellular UE moves in the network while the communication channels are fixed. The algorithm relies on two decision parameters, i.e. distance from the boundaries of the map and intersection with the boundaries of the map, which are analytically computed. To evaluate the performance of the handover mechanism we develop an analytical approach to calculate two performance metrics, denoted as handover rate and sojourn time, using the mode selection map

Selected Papers from the 5th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications

This Special Issue comprises selected papers from the proceedings of the 5th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications, held on 15–30 November 2018, on sciforum.net, an online platform for hosting scholarly e-conferences and discussion groups. In this 5th edition of the electronic conference, contributors were invited to provide papers and presentations from the field of sensors and applications at large, resulting in a wide variety of excellent submissions and topic areas. Papers which attracted the most interest on the web or that provided a particularly innovative contribution were selected for publication in this collection. These peer-reviewed papers are published with the aim of rapid and wide dissemination of research results, developments, and applications. We hope this conference series will grow rapidly in the future and become recognized as a new way and venue by which to (electronically) present new developments related to the field of sensors and their applications

Remote Sensing

This dual conception of remote sensing brought us to the idea of preparing two different books; in addition to the first book which displays recent advances in remote sensing applications, this book is devoted to new techniques for data processing, sensors and platforms. We do not intend this book to cover all aspects of remote sensing techniques and platforms, since it would be an impossible task for a single volume. Instead, we have collected a number of high-quality, original and representative contributions in those areas

Calibration of DART Radiative Transfer Model with Satellite Images for Simulating Albedo and Thermal Irradiance Images and 3D Radiative Budget of Urban Environment

Remote sensing is increasingly used for managing urban environment. In this context, the H2020 project URBANFLUXES aims to improve our knowledge on urban anthropogenic heat fluxes, with the specific study of three cities: London, Basel and Heraklion. Usually, one expects to derive directly 2 major urban parameters from remote sensing: the albedo and thermal irradiance. However, the determination of these two parameters is seriously hampered by complexity of urban architecture. For example, urban reflectance and brightness temperature are far from isotropic and are spatially heterogeneous. Hence, radiative transfer models that consider the complexity of urban architecture when simulating remote sensing signals are essential tools. Even for these sophisticated models, there is a major constraint for an operational use of remote sensing: the complex 3D distribution of optical properties and temperatures in urban environments. Here, the work is conducted with the DART (Discrete Anisotropic Radiative Transfer) model. It is a comprehensive physically based 3D radiative transfer model that simulates optical signals at the entrance of imaging spectro-radiometers and LiDAR scanners on board of satellites and airplanes, as well as the 3D radiative budget, of urban and natural landscapes for any experimental (atmosphere, topography,…) and instrumental (sensor altitude, spatial resolution, UV to thermal infrared,…) configuration. Paul Sabatier University distributes free licenses for research activities. This paper presents the calibration of DART model with high spatial resolution satellite images (Landsat 8, Sentinel 2, etc.) that are acquired in the visible (VIS) / near infrared (NIR) domain and in the thermal infrared (TIR) domain. Here, the work is conducted with an atmospherically corrected Landsat 8 image and Bale city, with its urban database. The calibration approach in the VIS/IR domain encompasses 5 steps for computing the 2D distribution (image) of urban albedo at satellite spatial resolution. (1) DART simulation of satellite image at very high spatial resolution (e.g., 50cm) per satellite spectral band. Atmosphere conditions are specific to the satellite image acquisition. (2) Spatial resampling of DART image at the coarser spatial resolution of the available satellite image, per spectral band. (3) Iterative derivation of the urban surfaces (roofs, walls, streets, vegetation,…) optical properties as derived from pixel-wise comparison of DART and satellite images, independently per spectral band. (4) Computation of the band albedo image of the city, per spectral band. (5) Computation of the image of the city albedo and VIS/NIR exitance, as an integral over all satellite spectral bands. In order to get a time series of albedo and VIS/NIR exitance, even in the absence of satellite images, ECMWF information about local irradiance and atmosphere conditions are used. A similar approach is used for calculating the city thermal exitance using satellite images acquired in the thermal infrared domain. Finally, DART simulations that are conducted with the optical properties derived from remote sensing images give also the 3D radiative budget of the city at any date including the date of the satellite image acquisition

Bowdoin Orient v.57, no.1-31 (1927-1928)

https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/bowdoinorient-1920s/1009/thumbnail.jp

The interaction of cellulose with xyloglucan and other glucan-binding polymers

This thesis examines the interaction of xyloglucan, the major hemicellulosic component of type I primary plant cell walls, with cellulose. Initial attempts to form xyloglucan-cellulose complexes by in vitro association methods are described, which gave low levels of interaction, with features not similar to those found in primary wall networks. The majority of the work focusses on the use of the bacterium Acetobacter aceti ssp. xylinum (ATCC 53524), which synthesise highly pure, crystalline cellulose as an extracellular polysaccharide. Addition of xyloglucan to a cellulose-synthesising bacterial culture results in the formation of cellulose-xyloglucan networks with ultrastructural and molecular features similar to those of the networks of higher plants. Applicatioon of the bacterial fermentation system is extended to incorporate the polysaccharides glucomannan, galactomannan, xylan, mixed-linkage glucan, pectin and carboxymethylcellulose, all of which impart unique architectural and molecular effects on the composistes formed. Preliminary data on the mechanical properties of composite structures under large and small deformation conditions are also described

Bowdoin Orient v.109, no.1-25 (1979-1980)

https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/bowdoinorient-1980s/1000/thumbnail.jp

Bowdoin Orient v.127, no.1-11 (1996-1996)

https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/bowdoinorient-1990s/1008/thumbnail.jp