Entrevista: Marília Nutti.

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Per Anders Nutti lestadiolaisena saarnaajana vuosina 1848–1898

Tässä tutkielmassani selvitän, millaista oli Per Anders Nutin saarnatoiminta vuosina 1848– 1898. Selvitän, missä Nutti saarnasi, millainen hänen saarnatyylinsä oli sekä millaista hänen sanomansa oli. Tutkimuksen lähteinä käytän Aatu Laitisen muistelmia Muistoja Lapin kristillisyydestä, Hjalmar Westesonin kirjaa Lapin profeetan oppilaita, Väinö Havaksen kirjaa Laestadiolaisuuden historia pääpiirteissään, SKS:n arkistossa olevan Paulaharjun kokoelman muistitietoja sekä lestadiolaisen herätysliikkeen piirissä julkaistuja lehtiä Sanomia Siionista, Röster från Sion, Armonsanoma, Huutavan ääni ja Kolkuttaja. Tutkielma etenee siten, että tutkimustehtävälukua seuraa luku, jossa esitellään Nutin saarnatoiminnan taustalla vaikuttaneet asiat. Tätä seuraa luku, jossa selvitetään paikkakunnat, joissa Nutti saarnasi. Viimeisessä pääluvussa selvitän Nutin sanoman. Kyseinen luku sisältää myös Nutin saarnatoiminnan tyylistä kertovan osion. Per Anders Nutti (1825–1898) oli lestadiolainen, saamelainen saarnaaja ja katekeetta. Nutti vei lestadiolaisuuden Norjan Lyngeniin vuonna 1848. Lyngenissä Nutti kulki vuosittain poronhoito- ja markkinamatkoillaan. Nutti saarnasi Lyngenissä usein matkojensa yhteydessä. Elämänsä viimeisinä vuosina Nutti kävi saarnaamassa Norjassa suuremmallakin alueella. Tällöin saarnamatkat ulottuivat jopa Varanginvuonon rannalla olevaan Vesisaareen asti. Siellä Nutti kävi kolme kertaa. Kotiseurakunnassaan Kaaresuvannossa Nutti toimi katekeettana vuodesta 1863 alkaen. Katekeetan tehtävien hoidon yhteydessä Nutti lienee saarnannut jonkin verran. Muuten Ruotsissa tapahtunut saarnatoiminta rajoittui suomen- ja saamenkieliselle alueelle. Suomessa Nutti saarnasi lähinnä Kaaresuvannon naapuriseurakunnissa. Viimeisellä saarnamatkallaan Nutti tosin saarnasi etelämpänäkin, aina Ylivieskassa asti. Nutti korosti sanomassaan rukousta ja pyhitystä sekä pelastusta Kristuksen antaman hyvitysuhrin vuoksi. Yksi Nutin kuulija muisteli Nutin saarnanneen hyvitysuhriin liittyen: ”Jumalan piti saaha lihhaa ennenkun se saattoi siunata ihmisen. Jesus piti uhriksi antaa.” Nutin sanomasta löytyi joitain yhtäläisyyksiä Svebiliuksen katekismuksen kanssa. Nutin oma elämä tuki muistitiedon perusteella hänen sanomaansa. Monissa lähteissä Nutin kerrottiin pyrkineen hyvään käytökseen ja runsaaseen hartauden harjoitukseen. Rukouksen kerrottiin olleen hänen elämässään keskeisessä asemassa. Muistitietojen perusteella Nutti rukoili miltei jatkuvasti. Nutin saarnoista voidaan sanoa, että ne olivat huomattavan pitkiä. Nutin saarnat kestivät muistiperinteen mukaan jopa 4–5 tuntia ja mahdollisesti jopa pitempäänkin. Nutti tapasi saarnata selittäen Raamattua pikkuhiljaa jae jakeelta. Nutin saarnat eivät usein synnyttäneet herätysliikkeelle tyypillisiä liikutuksia. Eräs muistitieto kuvasi Nutin saarnaamista: ”Ei Pieti kovasti huutanut, vakaisesti vain puhui.

Maintaining a memory by transcriptional autoregulation

SummaryOne of the key features of cellular differentiation programs is stability. Although differentiation is reversible in principle, many components of the gene batteries induced upon terminal differentiation are maintained throughout a cell's life. For example, muscle cells continuously express the myosin gene, and GABAergic neurons continuously express genes for GABA synthesis and transport. Maintaining gene expression patterns in the nervous system is a particular challenge given the non-renewing nature and therefore extensive life span of many neuronal cell types

Conceptualising global indigenous and indigenist models of inclusive and equitable education

© 2022 James Nicholas Publishers. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 License.The role of colonial education systems in the cultural genocide of Indigenous children in many countries is an urgent matter to be meticulously scrutinised in order to address structural inequities. It is time to envision and construct context-based authentically inclusive education. In this article, we critically examine and address structural inequities in education with examples from our own research in Sámi and First Nations contexts, and discuss possible implications for the inclusive education of all Indigenous children, with emphasis on the early years of education. Dominant models of special education are displayed followed by conceptualising Indigenous and Indigenist models as ways to reimagine, restructure and inspire the positive change towards inclusive equitable education from early years education and onward for diverse Indigenous children, and enhance the development of teacher education programmes.publishedVersio

Monetary Union Stability: The Need for a Government Banker and the Case for a European Public Finance Authority

This paper argues monetary union stability requires a government banker that manages the bond market and it offers a specific proposal for stabilizing the euro that does not violate the “no country bail-out” clause. There is accumulating evidence that the euro’s current architecture is unstable. The source of instability is high interest rates on highly indebted countries which creates unsustainable debt burdens. Remedying this problem requires a central bank that acts as government banker and pushes down government bond interest rates to sustainable levels. That can be accomplished by creation of a European Public Finance Authority (EPFA) that issues public debt which the European Central Bank (ECB) is allowed to trade. The debate over the euro’s financial architecture also has significant political implications. That is because the current neoliberal inspired architecture, which imposes a complete separation between the central bank and public finances, puts governments under continuous financial pressures. Over time, that pressure makes it difficult to maintain the European social democratic welfare state. This gives a political reason for reforming the euro and creating an EPFA that supplements the economic case for reform.monetary union, stability, government banker, euro.

Kultuvrralaš iešvuođat loguin mat gullet sámi árbedihtui.

Source at https://journalofmathematicsandculture.wordpress.com/2017/12/28/journal-of-mathematics-and-culture-volume-11-number-3/.English abstract: The mathematics curriculum for Sámi students in Norway is a mere translation of the national curriculum text. This article aims to contribute to the discussion of the need for a Sámi mathematics curriculum. The study identified cultural properties of numbers in Sámi traditional knowledge. Traditional school mathematics and the national mathematics curriculum do not discuss the cultural properties of numbers. Modern Sámi institutions aim at relating to traditional knowledge. We present founding documents and the logo of two Sámi institutions for education and research. The study investigated these documents with respect to how the numbers three and four occurred, and we describe cultural properties of these two numbers. We indicate that studies of other parts of Sámi traditional knowledge will reveal more cultural properties of the two numbers, and that investigations of other numbers will reveal further cultural properties. Thus, we conclude that there is a need for a Sámi mathematics curriculum that encompasses the cultural properties of numbers.Čoahkkáigeassu: Matematihkka oahppoplána Sámi ohppiid várás lea dušše sámegillii jorgaluvvon našunála oahppoplána. Dán artihkkala áigumuš lea doarjut dárbbu sierra sámi matematihkka oahppoplána divaštallama. Dan dutkamis bohtet ovdan kultuvrralaš iešvuođat loguin mat gullet sámi árbedihtui. Dábálaš skuvla matematihkka ja našunála matematihkka oahppoplánain ii leat sáhka loguid kultuvrralaš iešvuođaid birra. Ođđaáigásaš sámi ásahusain lea ulbmil váldit vára sámi árbedieđus. Mii guorahallat guovtti Sámi oahppo- ja dutkaninstitušuvnna dokumeanttaid ja dovdomearkkaid (logo). Mii dutkat dokumeanttaid ja logoid dainna ulbmiliin movt logut golbma ja njeallje leat boahtán ovdan ja mii čilget dán guovtti logu kultuvrralaš iešvuođa. Mii mearkkašit ahte dutkat eará osiid sámi árbedieđuid fuomášahtášii eambbo kultuvrralaš iešvuođaid. Danne mii loahpas árvalit dárbbu Sámi matematihkka oahppoplánii mii sisttisdoalašii loguid kultuvrralaš iešvuođaid

The Dynamics of Re-introduced Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides asperginis and other Amphibians in Kihansi Gorge, Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania

The dynamics of the reintroduced Kihansi spray toad Nectophrynoides asperginis and other amphibian species that occur in the Kihansi gorge,UdzungwaMountains were studied. The area is a home for the endemic toad that became extinct before individuals bred in captivity were reintroduced. Previous studies on the biology of amphibians conducted in the gorge focused on a few aspects but none has dealt with the dynamics of both the reintroduced Kihansi spray toad (KST) and other amphibians. Information on species richness and the abundance of amphibian species occurring in the gorge have not been dealt with in depth. Time-constrained audio-visual encounter surveys were conducted between February 2015 and May 2017 in the gorge to assess detectability rates of the reintroduced toad and other amphibian species. Sixteen species were detected including the reintroduced Kihansi spray toad. The detection rate of the KST was highest shortly after reintroduction and decreased precipitously during subsequent surveys. The results suggest low survivorship of the reintroduced KST. The detection rates of other amphibian species varied between species, although there was no significant variation in the detection rates between different sampling periods. A few species were encountered once, whereas others were encountered throughout the study period. Detection rates were influenced by the species lifestyle and weather conditions. Further studies are recommended to assess the possible causes of low survivorship of the reintroduced toads.Keywords: Kihansi gorge; Kihansi Spray Toad; Reintroduction; Survivorship

Total carotenoid content, α-carotene and β-carotene, of landrace pumpkins (Cucurbita moschata Duch): A preliminary study

AbstractLandrace pumpkins occur in nature and their potential as source of pro-vitamin A may be investigated in order to be used in conventional plant breeding or biofortification programs, aiming to increase the total carotenoids and β-carotene contents. The objective of the study was to determine the total carotenoid, α-carotene, β-carotene and its isomers and contents in two landrace samples (A and B) of raw pumpkins (Cucurbita moschata) to verify its seed production potential. High Performance Liquid Chromatography and UV/Visible spectrophotometry were used to determine α-carotene, β-carotene and its isomers, and total carotenoid contents, respectively. All analyses were carried out in triplicate. The results showed mean total carotenoid contents of 404.98 in sample A, and 234.21μg/g in sample B. The α-carotene contents varied from 67.06 to 72.99μg/g in samples A and B, respectively. All E-β-carotene was the most abundant isomer found varying from 244.22 to 141.95μg/g in samples A and B, respectively. The 9 and 13-Z-β-carotene isomers were still found in low concentrations in both analyzed landrace samples. The content of β-carotene in raw sample A showed to be promising for the production of seeds for cultivation and consumption

Strategies for biofortification in Brazil.

Micronutrient deficiencies in the developing world. Biofortification as an intervention strategy. Brazil's biofortification programs. Progress in some individual crops. Conclusion