Aliran New Criticism dalam Dunia Sastra (sebuah Kajian)

Aliran ini sangat berpengaruh di Amerika Serikat. Aliran New Criticism berpengaruh dalam dunia sastra di Amerika serikat semenjak tahun dua puluhan sampai dengan tahun enam puluhan. Aliran ini menganggap bahwa satra harus didekati melalui struktur. Sebagai struktur yang otonom maka karya sastra harus dipahami secara intrinsik, lepas dari latar belakang sejarah, lepas dari diri dan niat penulis. New Criticsm memandang bahwa teks sastra sebagai suatu sistem, suatu struktur yang utuh. Prinsip struktur yakni : kesatuan, keseluruhan, kebulatan, dan keterjalinan (Wholeness, unity, complexity, coherence). Pengertian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa unsur-unsur dalam suatu struktur tersebut membentuk suatu totalitas dan bahwa antara unsur-unsur dalam suatu struktur tersebut terdapat saling jalin-menjalin makna

iPhone Maker Faces New Criticism Over China Labor Practices

This document is part of a digital collection provided by the Martin P. Catherwood Library, ILR School, Cornell University, pertaining to the effects of globalization on the workplace worldwide. Special emphasis is placed on labor rights, working conditions, labor market changes, and union organizing.CLW_2010_Report_China_iPhone_maker.pdf: 22 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

Explanation = Unification? A New Criticism of Friedman’s Theory and a Reply to an Old One

According to Michael Friedman’s theory of explanation, a law X explains laws Y1, Y2, …, Yn precisely when X unifies the Y’s, where unification is understood in terms of reducing the number of independently acceptable laws. Philip Kitcher criticized Friedman’s theory but did not analyze the concept of independent acceptability. Here we show that Kitcher’s objection can be met by modifying an element in Friedman’s account. In addition, we argue that there are serious objections to the use that Friedman makes of the concept of independent acceptability

A Critical Look at Robert Penn Warren’s New (and old) Criticism on Satire

Although a father of New Criticism, Warren did not always restrict his analysis of a text to the text itself. In his work with John Marston’s satires, Warren appears to go against what will become key attributes of New Critical theory. This essay explores Warren’s work with Marston’s satires, in particular examining his historicizing of the text, arguing for a more complicated view of Warren’s New Criticism

Eighth Graders’ Approaches to Reading Analysis as Compared with the PSSA’s Application of Common Core Standards

States administer standardized tests such as the PSSAs to students each year to assess student mastery of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS). Many argued the CCSS and close reading are reincarnations of new criticism (Tampio, 2018), but CCSS creators did not cite empirical research showing students approached literary analysis through close reading or new criticism (Dewitz & Graves, 2021; Hinchman & Moore, 2013). In opposition of new criticism, Rosenblatt (1978) argued for transactional reading with her reader response theory. In order to examine how students make meaning of texts, this study used a simultaneous mixed-methods QUAL-QUAL design (Morse, 2010) to examine the research question, How does the literary analysis approach of eighth-grade students compare to the reading paradigm utilized on the (PSSA)? The first qualitative component was a document analysis of PSSA released items from 2015, 2021, and 2022 to examine the question, What reading paradigm do the text-dependent analysis questions align with on the eighth-grade PSSA? The second qualitative component was a case study of nine eighth-grade students attending a suburban middle school reading and responding to texts from the 2021 PSSA released items to examine the question, How do eighth-grade students in a Pennsylvania middle school approach literary analysis? I concluded the PSSA text dependent analysis questions do not directly align with new criticism but approach analysis as task driven and text-based, while students begin their analysis with concrete text references but later shift to transactional analysis

Rereading the New Criticism

Aesthetics as ethics : one and a half theses on the New Criticism / Robert Archambeau -- Eliot, the Agrarians, and the political subtext of New Critical formalism / Alastair Morrison -- Androgyny and social upheaval : the gendered pretext of John Crowe Ransom's New Critical approach / Aaron Shaheen -- The fugitive and the exile : Theodor W. Adorno, John Crowe Ransom, and The Kenyon review / James Matthew Wilson -- No two ways about it : William Empson's enabling ambiguities / Bradley D. Clissold -- In pursuit of understanding : Louis Untermeyer, Brooks and Warren, and "The red wheelbarrow" / Connor Byrne -- Through fields of cacophonous modern masters : James Baldwin and New Critical modernism / Adam Hammond -- "Disagreeable intellectual distance" : theory and politics in the old regionalism of the New Critics / Alexander MacLeod -- Teaching with style : Brooks and Warren's literary pedagogy / Tara Lockhart -- "A kind of dual attentiveness" : close reading after the New Criticism / Cecily Devereux.Item embargoed for five year

The intentional fallacy: From the New Criticism to the neurocognitive linguistics

Unintended puns, Freudian slips, conceptual errors, evoke meanings that are independent from (or even incompatible with) the speaker’s intention. But the philosophical and linguistic theories interested in communication and cognition deal exclusively or fundamentally with intentional meaning. I aim at showing that the “intentional fallacy” proposed by Wimsatt and Beardsley (1954), which stated that the author’s intention does not determine interpretation, serves as a solid basis in order to begin to suggest that unintentional meanings are also important in the interpretation of every type of utterance. Relational network theory (Lamb 1999, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2010, 2013) is a neurocognitive approach that can handle unintentional meanings by means of a method that could be compared to the method suggested by representative authors of New Criticismand without disregarding the importance of unintentional meanings.Los juegos de palabras no buscados, los actos fallidos, los errores conceptuales, evocan significados que son independientes de (o aun incompatibles con) la intención del hablante. Pero las teorías filosóficas y lingüísticas dedicadas al estudio de la comunicación y los procesos cognitivos se dedican exclusiva o fundamentalmente al significado intencional. Espero mostrar aquí que la “falacia intencional” de Wimsatt y Beardsley (1954), que establecía que la intención del autor no determina la interpretación, es una buena base para empezar a sugerir que los significados no intencionales también son importantes en la interpretación de toda clase de enunciados. La teoría de redes relacionales (Lamb 1999, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2010, 2013) es un enfoque neurocognitivo del lenguaje que puede tratar los significados no intencionales de un modo comparable al sugerido por autores representativos del New Criticism, sin descuidar por ello la importancia del significado intencional.Fil: Gil, Jose Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentin