Evaluating awareness towards ev: An exploratory study

A significant obstacle to the uptake of electric vehicles (EVs) is that consumers lack awareness and do not see them as viable options. A survey to analyze consumers' awareness of existing EVs was conducted toward existing EVs in Malaysia. The focus area is in Langkawi Island, where the place aims to be a low carbon Island by 2030. The understanding of the awareness of air pollution is essential to inform government approaches to addressing this issue. Thus, a comprehensive questionnaire survey has conducted with 506 respondents from Malaysian citizens. Data for this study comes from Malaysian citizens' over the period from August to September 2020 and conducting in Malay language

Sustentabilidade na última milha do transporte urbano de carga:: o papel da eficiência energética do veículo

The advent of new technologies in last mile deliveries is about to cause a disruption in the traditional business model applied in urban cargo transportation. Along these lines, transport operators try to obtain economic returns, not only by optimizing traditional strategies, but also by seeking to establish strategies based on the bottom-line of sustainability. This paper aims to identify studies that proposes alternative vehicles that could be used in the last mile of urban freight transport to reduce the energy efficiency while improve its efficiency. To state the literature gap, we conduct a systematic literature review on energy efficiency in urban freight transportation, converting the last mile deliveries into a sustainable operation. Results indicate a trend towards the implementation of smaller and lighter vehicles for last mile deliveries in urban areas: 95% of studies suggest, among other alternatives, the use of bicycles and tricycles; while 53% of articles support the use of light commercial vehicles. Another trend observed in this type of distribution, indicated in 77.3% of the studies, is the shift from conventional fuels (fossil fuels) to alternative sources of energy (electricity).O advento de novas tecnologias nas entregas de última milha está prestes a causar uma ruptura no modelo tradicional de negócios do transporte urbano de carga. Busca-se obter retornos econômicos, não somente por via da otimização de operações tradicionais, mas também com base no tripé da sustentabilidade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, as alternativas propostas pela literatura no âmbito do veículo de carga como meio para melhorar a eficiência energética, transformando a operação de entregas em uma alternativa sustentável. Os resultados indicam uma tendência para a implementação de veículos menores e mais leves para entregas de última milha em áreas urbanas: 95% dos estudos sugerem, entre alternativas, o uso de bicicletas/triciclos e comerciais leves. Outra tendência observada nesse tipo de distribuição, indicada em 77,3% dos estudos, é a mudança de combustíveis convencionais (combustíveis fósseis) para fontes alternativas de energia (eletricidade)

COPE-SMARTER – A decision support system for analysing the challenges, opportunities and policy initiatives: A case study of electric commercial vehicles market diffusion in Denmark

Stakeholder's strategies in encouraging wide-scale market penetration depend on their perceptions. This study focuses on perceptions of Danish practitioners in policy-making organizations regarding the perceived challenges, opportunities and policy initiatives for the majority-market adoption of electric commercial vehicles (ECVs) in commercial sector in Denmark. We propose a new four-step expert-based technique, named COPE-SMARTER, for evaluating the market diffusion of environmental friendly technologies by combining SWOT analysis and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques. We focus on the perceptions regarding: (i) the potential promotional strength of motivators for ECV market penetration, (ii) the severity of the technological, financial, physical and operational challenges, (iii) the efficiency of policy initiatives in encouraging the market diffusion of ECVs, (iv) the expected market penetration rates for ECVs by target year. The results show the strength of the COPE-SMARTER approach in generating a clear, coherent, and tractable evaluation. Severe challenges are financial, operational and technological, with high purchase prices being by far the most severe. The opportunities are financial and environmental, with overall savings in the long-term as the opportunity with the highest promotional strength. Effective policy initiatives are low registration fee for ECVs, state subsidies for the purchase or use of ECVs, and emission-based taxes

Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Analytic Hierarchical Process With Prioritization, Consistency Checking, and Inconsistency Repairing

Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), as one of the most important methods to tackle multiple criteria decision-making problems, has achieved much success over the past several decades. Given that linguistic expressions are much closer than numerical values or single linguistic terms to a human way of thinking and cognition, this paper investigates the AHP with comparative linguistic expressions. After providing the snapshot of classical AHP and its fuzzy extensions, we propose the framework of hesitant fuzzy linguistic AHP, which shows how to yield a decision for qualitative decision-making problems with complex linguistic expressions. First, the comparative linguistic expressions over criteria or alternatives are transformed into hesitant fuzzy linguistic elements and then the hesitant fuzzy linguistic preference relations (HFLPRs) are constructed. Considering that HFLPRs may be inconsistent, we conduct consistency checking and improving processes after obtaining priorities from the HFLPRs based on a linear programming method. Regarding the consistency-improving process, we develop a new way to establish a perfectly consistent HFLPR. The procedure of the hesitant fuzzy linguistic AHP is given in stepwise. Finally, a numerical example concerning the used-car management in a lemon market is given to illustrate the ef ciency of the proposed hesitant fuzzy linguistic AHP method.This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 71771156, in part by the 2019 Sichuan Planning Project of Social Science under Grant SC18A007, in part by the 2019 Soft Science Project of Sichuan Science and Technology Department under Grant 2019JDR0141, and in part by the Project of Innovation at Sichuan University under Grant 2018hhs-43

Users, Planners, and Governments Perspectives: A Public Survey on Autonomous Vehicles Future Advancements

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are expected to change driving perspectives once they are available in the markets. This type of vehicle has received substantial attention lately from media and researchers. This technology is still under rapid advancements, and further research studies are needed to address the potential outcomes, opportunities, and challenges. The fuel system of the AVs is expected to be electrical; therefore, this study addresses the current status of electric vehicles (EVs), including charging time, charging type, and driving range. The study also discusses the barriers that may hindrance the transformation to AVs from the users, planners, and government perspectives. These barriers include the current charging stations of EVs, which provide 2kW power. These stations can be insufficient for the AVs since these cars are expected to utilize advanced sensors and computers. The authors also propose comprehensive recommendations that could facilitate the so-called transformation of EVs to AVs and AVs' associated marketing. The authors found out that conducting a survey is essential to observe the public perception, and marketing and communication plans are essential to educating the public regarding AVs’ features and advantages. Also, a collaboration between auto manufacturers and planners is critical to the success of these vehicles. Finally, a public survey which consisted of 95 participants were conducted to examine the general perspective as surveys are necessary to assist planners, governments and automakers for their future movement toward a sustainable transportation system

A long-term energy efficiency prediction model for the Brazilian automotive industry

According to law number 12.715/2012, Brazilian government instituted guidelines for a program named Inovar-Auto. In this context, energy efficiency is a survival requirement for Brazilian automotive industry from September 2016. As proposed by law, energy efficiency is not going to be calculated by models only. It is going to be calculated by the whole universe of new vehicles registered. In this scenario, the composition of vehicles sold in market will be a key factor on profits of each automaker. Energy efficiency and its consequences should be taken into consideration in all of its aspects. In this scenario, emerges the following question: which is the efficiency curve of one automaker for long term, allowing them to adequate to rules, keep balancing on investment in technologies, increasing energy efficiency without affecting competitiveness of product lineup? Among several variables to be considered, one can highlight the analysis of manufacturing costs, customer value perception and market share, which characterizes this problem as a multi-criteria decision-making. To tackle the energy efficiency problem required by legislation, this paper proposes a framework of multi-criteria decision-making. The proposed framework combines Delphi group and Analytic Hierarchy Process to identify suitable alternatives for automakers to incorporate in main Brazilian vehicle segments. A forecast model based on artificial neural networks was used to estimate vehicle sales demand to validate expected results. This approach is demonstrated with a real case study using public vehicles sales data of Brazilian automakers and public energy efficiency data. According to our results Inovar-Auto targets will be reached in spite of little progress over last four years

A multicriteria methodology for estimating consumer acceptance of alternative powertrain technologies

A multicriteria methodology for estimating consumer acceptance of vehicles with alternative powertrain technologies is presented. The approach is based on the non-compensatory ELECTRE TRI method and compares hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and electric vehicles to conventional models. Criteria considered are ownership costs and restrictions to vehicle use, which apply mainly to electric vehicles. The methodology is applied to a case study of 94 vehicles of different market segments and alternative powertrains. The analysis is carried out per segment and considers two driver profiles, city and all-purpose, and a baseline scenario for all cases. Output is tested for statistical significance, with powertrain technology as disaggregating factor, and a sensitivity analysis on the base scenario is also carried out, as well as a comparison with results derived by a compensatory multicriteria method (TOPSIS). Results show that conventional vehicles are the top choice for the small vehicles segment, due to lower purchase prices and higher use flexibility. For medium sized vehicles, all powertrain technologies are competitive for city drivers, whereas for all-purpose drivers, use restrictions for electric vehicles make these less attractive. The baseline scenario and sensitivity analysis highlight that opting for an electric vehicle depends strongly on the driver's use flexibility needs. As such, an electric vehicle can be either very attractive or outright unusable, regardless of financial considerations. It is also seen that plug-in hybrids do not present any significant advantage, as compared to other, non-electric choices, due to their higher purchase prices.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"Transport Policy" - Ano 2020, vol. 85, p. 18-3

A study on the heterogeneous fleet of alternative fuel vehicles: Reducing CO2 emissions by means of biodiesel fuel

In the context of home healthcare services, patients may need to be visited multiple times by different healthcare specialists who may use a fleet of heterogeneous vehicles. In addition, some of these visits may need to be synchronized with each other for performing a treatment at the same time. We call this problem the Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Routing Problem with Synchronized visits (HF-VRPS). It consists of planning a set of routes for a set of light duty vehicles running on alternative fuels. We propose three population-based hybrid Artificial Bee Colony metaheuristic algorithms for the HF-VRPS. These algorithms are tested on newly generated instances and on a set of homogeneous VRPS instances from the literature. Besides producing quality solutions, our experimental results illustrate the trade-offs between important factors, such as CO2 emissions and driver wage. The computational results also demonstrate the advantages of adopting a heterogeneous fleet rather than a homogeneous one for the use in home healthcare services

Multiple perspectives and hierarchical decision modelling applied to emerging technology used in the artisanal mining and small scale processing of sandstones in QwaQwa

Abstract: The objective of this research was to develop a decision model enabling a comprehensive, multi-perspective assessment of artisanal sandstone mining using a solar-energy-activated microwave. The multiple perspectives used included social, technological, economical, environmental, and political dimensions. The influence of the latter was judged against the mining operations and processes as well as the responses from the QwaQwa community. Each perspective consisted of multiple factors used to make a credible decision...D.Phil. (Engineering Management