Effects of jet algorithms from higher order QCD in W±W^\pm mass determinations at LEP2

We analyse the impact of systematic effects due to the scale dependence of QCD corrections in combination with the use of different jet clustering algorithms in the measurement of the $W^\pm$ mass in the fully hadronic decay mode of $W^+W^-$ pairs produced at LEP2. We consider higher order contributions induced by both virtual and real gluon radiation onto the electroweak CC03 and CC11 channels through ${\cal O}(\alpha_{s})$ at the parton level. We find that the associated uncertainties can be of order 100 MeV, thus competitive with those possibly arising in the non-perturbative regime and indeed above the current experimental estimates.Comment: 16 pages, latex, 4 figures, version to appear in EPJdirect

The significance of 'the visit' in an English category-B prison: Views from prisoners, prisoners' families and prison staff

A number of claims have been made regarding the importance of prisoners staying in touch with their family through prison visits, firstly from a humanitarian perspective of enabling family members to see each other, but also regarding the impact of maintaining family ties for successful rehabilitation, reintegration into society and reduced re-offending. This growing evidence base has resulted in increased support by the Prison Service for encouraging the family unit to remain intact during a prisoner’s incarceration. Despite its importance however, there has been a distinct lack of research examining the dynamics of families visiting relatives in prison. This paper explores perceptions of the same event – the visit – from the families’, prisoners’ and prison staffs' viewpoints in a category-B local prison in England. Qualitative data was collected with 30 prisoners’ families, 16 prisoners and 14 prison staff, as part of a broader evaluation of the visitors’ centre. The findings suggest that the three parties frame their perspective of visiting very differently. Prisoners’ families often see visits as an emotional minefield fraught with practical difficulties. Prisoners can view the visit as the highlight of their time in prison and often have many complaints about how visits are handled. Finally, prison staff see visits as potential security breaches and a major organisational operation. The paper addresses the current gap in our understanding of the prison visit and has implications for the Prison Service and wider social policy

Analysis of coupled heat and moisture transfer in masonry structures

Evaluation of effective or macroscopic coefficients of thermal conductivity under coupled heat and moisture transfer is presented. The paper first gives a detailed summary on the solution of a simple steady state heat conduction problem with an emphasis on various types of boundary conditions applied to the representative volume element -- a periodic unit cell. Since the results essentially suggest no superiority of any type of boundary conditions, the paper proceeds with the coupled nonlinear heat and moisture problem subjecting the selected representative volume element to the prescribed macroscopically uniform heat flux. This allows for a direct use of the academic or commercially available codes. Here, the presented results are derived with the help of the SIFEL (SIimple Finite Elements) system.Comment: 23 pages, 11 figure

Fisheries marketing systems and consumer preferences in Puttalam District Sri-Lanka

The aim of this study was to understand the current and historic market situation for inland fish and it’s substitutes in order to identify which of the various production opportunities presented by the seasonal tank resource might have greatest relevance for marginal communities in the Dry-zone. Regional and sub-regional market networks for fish and meat products were investigated, ranking and scoring exercises used to characterise consumer demand in rain-fed areas of North West Province and secondary data sources were used to assess historic patterns of demand and supply [PDF contains 57 pages

Sex in the city: the rise of soft-erotic film culture in Cinema Leopold, Ghent, 1945-1954

Since the 1990s, film studies saw a disciplinary shift from approaches favoring a textual and ideological analysis of films to a broader understanding of the socio-cultural history of cinema under the banner of new cinema history. This turn not only allowed for ‘niche’ research domains to flourish such as film economics or cinema memory research, or for new empirical and critical methodologies to be applied to film and cinema history. This change in researching and writing film/cinema history also shed light on previously marginalized, neglected or uncharted film cultures and histories, burgeoning scholarship in for instance (s)exploitation cinema. This contribution examines a peculiar part of post-war local film culture in the Belgian city of Ghent, more precisely the one around the city-center soft-erotic cinema Cinema Leopold (1945-54). The research is based on a programming and box-office database compiled from archival sources and contextualized by other data (internal and external correspondence, posters,…) coming from the business archive of Octave Bonnevalle, Cinema Leopold’s founding pater familias (material kept in the State Archives of Belgium; RAB/B70/1928-1977). The database now contains information on 625 film titles shown between 1945 and 1954, out of which 233 were unidentified (due to lack of information). Although the database is at times crippled by source inconsistencies, it is extremely rich in documenting the everyday practices of a cinema that gradually turned into a soft-erotic movie theater. The database allows for some remarkable findings concerning shifts in the origin of films, their production years, genres, censorship and popularity. The key finding is that Cinema Leopold started out after the Second World War with a child-friendly, mainstream Hollywood-oriented film program, as did most cinemas in Ghent, but its profile slowly tilted towards more mature audiences and provocative film genres. These included French ‘risqué’ feature films containing some forms of nudity like Perfectionist/Un Grand Patron (Ciampi, 1951) and documentaries on venereal diseases like the successful Austrian Creeping Poison/Schleichendes Gift (Wallbrück, 1946), but also auteur movies such as Bergman’s Port of Call/Hamnstad (1948) were shown. It is interesting how Leopold walked a fine line between innovative, bold European art-house cinema, soft-erotic ‘didactic’ movies and flat-out commercial soft-porn. By 1954, Leopold had gathered a loyal crowd, which kept the cinema alive until 1981 despite the several law suits and trials. This micro-history offers a remarkable example of the post-war flourishing of alternative, yet profit-driven cinema circuits, riddled with media controversies and censorship

Research and technology highlights of the Lewis Research Center

Highlights of research accomplishments of the Lewis Research Center for fiscal year 1984 are presented. The report is divided into four major sections covering aeronautics, space communications, space technology, and materials and structures. Six articles on energy are included in the space technology section

Preliminary SP-100/Stirling heat exchanger designs

Analytic modeling of several heat exchanger concepts to couple the SP-100 nuclear reactor primary lithium loop and the Space Stirling Power Convertor (SSPC) was performed. Four 25 kWe SSPC's are used to produce the required 100 kW of electrical power. This design work focused on the interface between a single SSPC and the primary lithium loop. Manifolding to separate and collect the four channel flow was not modeled. This work modeled two separate types of heat exchanger interfaces (conductive coupling and radiative coupling) to explore their relative advantages and disadvantages. The minimum mass design of the conductively coupled concepts was 18 kg or 0.73 kg/kWe for a single 25 kWe convertor. The minimum mass radiatively coupled concept was 41 kg or 1.64 kg/kWe. The direct conduction heat exchanger provides a lighter weight system because of its ability to operate the Stirling convertor evaporator at higher heat fluxes than those attainable by the radiatively coupled systems. Additionally the conductively coupled concepts had relatively small volumes and provide potentially simpler assembly. Their disadvantages were the tight tolerances and material joining problems associated with this refractory to superalloy interface. The advantages of the radiatively coupled designs were the minimal material interface problems

Restricted Stirling and Lah Number Matrices and Their Inverses

Given R⊆Nlet {nk}R, [nk]R, and L(n, k)Rcount the number of ways of partitioning the set [n] :={1, 2, ..., n}into knon-empty subsets, cycles and lists, respectively, with each block having cardinality in R. We refer to these as the R-restricted Stirling numbers of the second kind, R-restricted unsigned Stirling numbers of the first kind and the R-restricted Lah numbers, respectively. Note that the classical Stirling numbers of the second kind, unsigned Stirling numbers of the first kind, and Lah numbers are {nk}={nk}N, [nk]=[nk]Nand L(n, k) =L(n, k)N, respectively.It is well-known that the infinite matrices [{nk}]n,k≥1, [[nk]]n,k≥1and [L(n, k)]n,k≥1have inverses [(−1)n−k[nk]]n,k≥1,[(−1)n−k{nk}]n,k≥1and [(−1)n−kL(n, k)]n,k≥1respectively. The inverse matrices [{nk}R]−1n,k≥1, [[nk]R]−1n,k≥1and[L(n, k)R]−1n,k≥1exist and have integer entries if and only if 1 ∈R. We express each entry of each of these matrices as the difference between the cardinalities of two explicitly defined families of labeled forests. In particular the entries of[{nk}[r]]−1n,k≥1have combinatorial interpretations, affirmatively answering a question of Choi, Long, Ng and Smith from 2006.If we have 1, 2 ∈Rand if for all n ∈Rwith nodd and n ≥3, we have n ±1 ∈R, we additionally show that each entry of [{nk}R]−1n,k≥1, [[nk]R]−1n,k≥1and [L(n, k)R]−1n,k≥1is up to an explicit sign the cardinality of a single explicitly defined family of labeled forests. With Ras before we also do the same for restriction sets of the form R(d) ={d(r−1) +1 :r∈R}for all d ≥1. Our results also provide combinatorial interpretations of the kth Whitney numbers of the first and second kinds of Π1,dn, the poset of partitions of [n]that have each part size congruent to 1mod d

History and conservation of shopping arcades

Shopping arcades, corridors lined on one or both sides by shops and covered by a glass roof have been neglected as a subject for research. There is little information and no catalogue of British arcades. Their importance as covered thoroughfares, housing small units for specialist traders, has been under estimated, and their contribution to the architecture and townscape of cities requires recognition. The thesis records all extant examples in Britain with an architectural description, history, use, plan, section and photographic account of each. Their evolution is established, showing the influence of arcaded streets and exchanges, and of social and economic forces. The first two arcades were built in Paris and those, together with other major foreign examples are assessed, revealing the inter -relationship of development and architectural style between nations. The British arcades are analysed with regard to plan, location and architectural style. The financial position, management and role in the modern retail centre is assessed. Current trends in retailing are interpreted, from the shopping centre derived from the arcades, to the Speciality Centre. Arcades, like many older buildings have been demolished or 'neglected, having outlived their usefulness, but during the past decade an appreciation of the architectural heritage has grown. As the research has progressed, it has become evident that the requirements for shopping have almost come full circle from the date of the first arcade in 1800. And the shopping arcade is not only worthy of serious consideration architecturally, hut it could re- emerge as an important form of modern retailing. Recommendations are made for the practical conservation and re -use of arcades, particularly emphasising their architectural qualities, utilizing the favourable attitudes towards conservation and 'raking advantage of the desire to return to small specialist shops along a pedestrian route, preferably undercover