Implementing imperfect information in fuzzy databases

Information in real-world applications is often vague, imprecise and uncertain. Ignoring the inherent imperfect nature of real-world will undoubtedly introduce some deformation of human perception of real-world and may eliminate several substantial information, which may be very useful in several data-intensive applications. In database context, several fuzzy database models have been proposed. In these works, fuzziness is introduced at different levels. Common to all these proposals is the support of fuzziness at the attribute level. This paper proposes first a rich set of data types devoted to model the different kinds of imperfect information. The paper then proposes a formal approach to implement these data types. The proposed approach was implemented within a relational object database model but it is generic enough to be incorporated into other database models.ou

Semantic Similarity of Spatial Scenes

The formalization of similarity in spatial information systems can unleash their functionality and contribute technology not only useful, but also desirable by broad groups of users. As a paradigm for information retrieval, similarity supersedes tedious querying techniques and unveils novel ways for user-system interaction by naturally supporting modalities such as speech and sketching. As a tool within the scope of a broader objective, it can facilitate such diverse tasks as data integration, landmark determination, and prediction making. This potential motivated the development of several similarity models within the geospatial and computer science communities. Despite the merit of these studies, their cognitive plausibility can be limited due to neglect of well-established psychological principles about properties and behaviors of similarity. Moreover, such approaches are typically guided by experience, intuition, and observation, thereby often relying on more narrow perspectives or restrictive assumptions that produce inflexible and incompatible measures. This thesis consolidates such fragmentary efforts and integrates them along with novel formalisms into a scalable, comprehensive, and cognitively-sensitive framework for similarity queries in spatial information systems. Three conceptually different similarity queries at the levels of attributes, objects, and scenes are distinguished. An analysis of the relationship between similarity and change provides a unifying basis for the approach and a theoretical foundation for measures satisfying important similarity properties such as asymmetry and context dependence. The classification of attributes into categories with common structural and cognitive characteristics drives the implementation of a small core of generic functions, able to perform any type of attribute value assessment. Appropriate techniques combine such atomic assessments to compute similarities at the object level and to handle more complex inquiries with multiple constraints. These techniques, along with a solid graph-theoretical methodology adapted to the particularities of the geospatial domain, provide the foundation for reasoning about scene similarity queries. Provisions are made so that all methods comply with major psychological findings about people’s perceptions of similarity. An experimental evaluation supplies the main result of this thesis, which separates psychological findings with a major impact on the results from those that can be safely incorporated into the framework through computationally simpler alternatives

08421 Abstracts Collection -- Uncertainty Management in Information Systems

From October 12 to 17, 2008 the Dagstuhl Seminar 08421 \u27`Uncertainty Management in Information Systems \u27\u27 was held in Schloss Dagstuhl~--~Leibniz Center for Informatics. The abstracts of the plenary and session talks given during the seminar as well as those of the shown demos are put together in this paper

Construcción dinámica de consultas difusas sobre una base de datos de proyectos

In this paper an application for evaluation and control of software projects is presented. The novelty of this application is that it has been developed using an extended database management system with fuzzy logic. In addition to the usual tasks of a project control tool, this application allows to evaluate the management of a project, taking into consideration the benefits of fuzzy queries.En este trabajo se presenta una aplicación para evaluación y control de proyectos de software. La novedad de esta aplicación es que ha sido desarrollada usando un sistema gestor de bases de datos extendido con lógica difusa. Además de las tareas habituales de una herramienta de control de proyectos, esta aplicación permite evaluar la gestión de un proyecto, aprovechando las bondades de consultas difusas

Design Model of Application Measurement Imperfect Information to Procesing Data Surveys Level of Website Learning With Fuzzy Query Basis Data Method

Abstract— Mastery of information technology applied in the design of information systems in the form of the web at this time becomes an absolute necessity in implementing business processes of an institution and organization. The level of students 'ability in information systems in web design is a goal to increase students' competitive value in global trading climate. In an effort to increase the mastery of students in designing a web needs to measure the level of mastery, so that the material evaluation of lecturers in the process of teaching and learning activities, especially web courses. Method Fuzzy Query Database is one method to measure the level of imperfect data and information precision (Imperfect Information). In the process of survey level mastery of programming materials and web design data collected not only the exact data but it can be data that contains doubt, imperfection and uncertainty so that in the process of decision-making occurs imperfect information so ineffective and accurate. This research is expected to assist computer lecturers in evaluating the achievement of learning, lecture materials and teaching techniques in the lecture hall

Viewpoints on emergent semantics

Authors include:Philippe Cudr´e-Mauroux, and Karl Aberer (editors), Alia I. Abdelmoty, Tiziana Catarci, Ernesto Damiani, Arantxa Illaramendi, Robert Meersman, Erich J. Neuhold, Christine Parent, Kai-Uwe Sattler, Monica Scannapieco, Stefano Spaccapietra, Peter Spyns, and Guy De Tr´eWe introduce a novel view on how to deal with the problems of semantic interoperability in distributed systems. This view is based on the concept of emergent semantics, which sees both the representation of semantics and the discovery of the proper interpretation of symbols as the result of a self-organizing process performed by distributed agents exchanging symbols and having utilities dependent on the proper interpretation of the symbols. This is a complex systems perspective on the problem of dealing with semantics. We highlight some of the distinctive features of our vision and point out preliminary examples of its applicatio